You have free access to this content
Islam and Online Imagery on Malaysian Tourist Destination Websites
Article first published online: 6 JUN 2007
DOI: 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00364.x
Additional Information
How to Cite
Hashim, N. H., Murphy, J. and Hashim, N. M. (2007), Islam and Online Imagery on Malaysian Tourist Destination Websites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12: 1082–1102. doi: 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00364.x
Publication History
- Issue published online: 6 JUN 2007
- Article first published online: 6 JUN 2007
References
- , & . (2004). Islamic tourism: Rethinking the strategies of tourism development in the Arab world after September 11, 2001. Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East, 24(1), 173–182.
- , & . (1981). Islamic law: An examination of its revitalisation. British Journal of Criminology, 21(1), 58–69.
- . (2004, June). Policy and planning of the tourism industry in Malaysia. Paper presented at the 6th ADRF General Meeting, Bangkok, Thailand.
- . (1986). Hindu festivals of India. Journal of Popular Culture, 20(2), 175–182. Direct Link:
- , & . (1999). A model of destination image formation. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(4), 868–897.
- , & . (2004). Factors influencing destination image. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3), 657–681.
- , & . (1997). Yemen: Tourism and a tribal-Marxist dichotomy. Tourism Management, 18(8), 555–563.
- . (2005). Cultural similarities and differences in the design of university websites. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 11 (1), article 12. Retrieved February 16, 2007 from http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol11/issue1/callahan.html
- . (2005, June 3). Rebranding Malaysia. The Sun. Retrieved February 16, 2007 from http://www.sun2surf.com/article.cfm?id9406
- Department of Statistics Malaysia. (2006). Key Statistics. Retrieved February 16, 2007 from http://www.statistics.gov.my/english/frameset_keystats.php
- . (1982). Tourism in Malaysia: Competing needs in a plural society. Annals of Tourism Research, 9(3), 453–480.
- . (1989). Islam and Tourism: Patterns, Issues, and Options. Annals of Tourism Research, 16(4), 542–563.
- , , & . (2003). An analysis of the factors affecting the adoption of the Internet in the UK retail sector. Journal of Business Research, 56(11), 887–897.
- , , & . (2002). Evaluating the use of the Web for tourism marketing: A case study from New Zealand. Tourism Management, 23(5), 557–561.
- , & . (1993). The measurement of destination image: An empirical assessment. Journal of Travel Research, 31(4), 3–13.
- , & . (2004). Religious influences on shopping behaviour: An exploratory study. Journal of Marketing Management, 20(7/8), 683–713.
- , , & . (2002). Destination image towards a conceptual framework. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(1), 56–78.
- . (1989). Tourism image: Attribute measurement of state tourism products using multidimensional scaling technique. Journal of Travel Research, 28(2), 16–20.
- . (2002). Malaysia welcomes Arab tourists. The Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, September-October, 53–54.
- , & . (2003). Deconstructing destination image in the information age. Information Technology and Tourism, 6(1), 13–29.
- , & . (2005). Projected destination online: Website content analysis of picture and text. Information Technology and Tourism, 7(2), 1–18.
- , & . (1998). Interactivity re-examined: A baseline analysis of early business web sites. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 42(4), 457–474.
- . (2005). Keharmonian agama di Malaysia. Retrieved February 16, 2007 from http://www.sabah.gov.my/jheains/sebaranamweb/kertas2004/hjazam.PDF
- , & . (2001). The attraction of Palestine: Tourism in the years 1850-1948. Journal of Historical Geography, 27(2), 166–177.
- . (2002). Surfing for salvation. Religion, 23(4), 293–302.
- . (2003a). Managing tourism and Islam in peninsular Malaysia. Tourism Management, 24(4), 447–456.
- . (2003b). Tourism promotion and identity in Malaysia. Tourism Culture and Communication, 4(2), 71–81.
- . (2002). Introduction: Islamic law in South-east Asia. Australian Journal of Asian Law, 4(3), Retrieved February 16, 2007 from http://www.federationpress.com.au/PDFs/AJAL%204(3%20Intro.pdf
- . (1996). The Clash of Civilisation and Remarking the World Order. New York: Touchstone.
- Islam Hadhari. (2005). Islam Hadhari. Retrieved February 19, 2007 from http://www.pmo.gov.my/website/webdb.nsf/vIslamHadhari/6AB761E2215A9BD8482570830030EC27
- Islamic countries seek bigger piece of tourism pie. (2005, November 27). The Star, p. 42.
- , & . (1992). Polish pilgrim-tourists. Annals of Tourism Research, 19(1), 92–106.
- , & . (2005). Congress on the Internet: Messages on the homepages of the U.S. House of Representatives, 1996 and 2001. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 10 (2), article 9. Retrieved January 26, 2007 from http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol10/issue2/jarvis.html
- . (1995). Net worth?: Religion, cyberspace and future. Futures, 27(7), 763–776.
- , , & . (1996). Marketing for Hospitality and Tourism. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
- . (2001). CyberFaith: How Americans pursue religion online. Pew Internet & American Life Project. Retrieved February 16, 2007 from http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_CyberFaith_Report.pdf
- . (2002). Virtual pilgrimages on the Internet. Religion, 32(4), 315–335.
- Malaysia among top three in tourist arrival. (2005, November 27). The Star, p. 2.
- MATRADE. (2006). Malaysia External Trade Development Corporation: Facilitating Foreign Buyers. Retrieved February 16, 2007 from http://www.matrade.gov.my/foreignbuyer/formsbusiness.htm
- , , , & . (2005). Determinants of response to customer e-mail enquiries to hotels: Evidence from Austria. Tourism Management, 26(2), 249–259.
- , & . (2007). Give me that online-time religion: The role of the Internet in spiritual life. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(2), 942–954.
- . (2000). The microscope and the moving target: The challenge of applying content analysis to the World Wide Web. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 77(1), 80–98.
- . (1997). Islamic revival in Asia and Human Resource Management. Employee Relations, 19(4), 352–364.
- , , & . (2006). Investigating the evolution of hotel Internet adoption. Information Technology & Tourism, 8(3/4), 161–177.
- , , , & . (2003). The bandwagon effect: Swiss hotels’ website and e-mail management. The Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 44(1), 71–87.
- , & . (2003). Journey to nowhere? E-mail customer service by travel agents in Singapore. Tourism Management, 24(5), 543–550.
- . (2000). Tourism in Malaysia. In M.Hall & S.Page (Eds.), Tourism in South and South East Asia: Issues and Cases (pp. 144–156). Jordan Hill, Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann.
- National Public Radio. (2002, March). Islam on the Internet. Retrieved February 16, 2007 from http://www.npr.org/programs/watc/cyberislam/
- Nawawi. (1233–1277). Al-Maqasid (Nuh Ha Mim Keller, Trans. Revised 2002 ed.). Maryland: Amana Publication.
- , & . (1992). Religious sites as tourism attractions in Europe. Annals of Tourism Research, 19(1), 68–78.
- Office of the Prime Minister of Malaysia. (20012005a). The Eighth Malaysian Plan: Regional Development. Retrieved February 19, 2007 from http://www.epu.jpm.my/new%20folder/development%20plan/RM8/c5_cont.pdf
- Office of the Prime Minister of Malaysia. (20012005b). The Eighth Malaysian Plan: Tourism. Retrieved February 19, 2007 from http://www.epu.jpm.my/new%20folder/development%20plan/RM8/c15_cont.pdf
- . (2002). Destination image analysis—A review of 142 papers from 1973 to 2000. Tourism Management, 23(5), 541–549.
- Quran. (1987). Quran: Translation and Commentary by Abdullah Yusof Ali. Brentwood: Tahrike Tarsile Qur’an.
- . (1992). Forms of religious tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 19(1), 51–67.
- . (1959). Islamic law in contemporary studies. The American Journal of Comparative Law, 8(2), 133–147.
- , & . (1999). Exploring the touristic image of Jordan. Tourism Management, 20(4), 539–542.
- . (2004). Islam and woman: Where tradition meets modernity: History and interpretations of Islamic women’s status. Sex Roles, 51 (5/6), 263–272.
- , & . (2005). Tourism: A sacred journey? The case of ashram tourism, India. International Journal of Tourism Research, 7(3), 161–171. Direct Link:
- SESRTCIC. (2006). Statistical Economic and Social Research and Training Centre for Islamic Countries. Retrieved February 19, 2007 from http://www.sesrtcic.org/oic/oicaccda.shtml
- , & . (1999). Internet marketing strategies used by travel agencies in Australia. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 6(1), 21–32.
- , & . (2004). A model for Web adoption. Information & Management, 41(4), 457–468.
- , & . (2006). Tourism and Islam: Consideration of culture and duty. In D.Timothy & D.Olsen (Eds.), Tourism, Religion and Spiritual Journeys (pp. 186–205). Oxon: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.
- Virtual Malaysia. 2006. Do’s and Don’t Travel Tools. Retrieved February 16, 2007 from http://www.virtualmalaysia.com/travel_tools/dd.cfm
- . (1992). Medjugorje’s religion and tourism connection. Annals of Tourism Research, 19(1), 79–91.
- , & . (2005). Identifying the success factors of web-based marketing strategy: An investigation of convention and visitors bureaus in the United States. Journal of Travel Research, 43(3), 1–11.
- . (1978). Interpretation in Islamic law: The theory of Ijtihad. The American Journal of Comparative Law, 26(2), 199–212.
- . (2004). E-Government in China: A content analysis of national and provincial web sites. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 9 (4). Retrieved Februrary 16, 2007 from http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol9/issue4/zhou.html

1083-6101/asset/olbannerleft.jpg?v=1&s=9bb1f768ca82b5d666b548d0ee5e6d456d57275e)
1083-6101/asset/olbannercenter.jpg?v=1&s=0cdc8d4aac9e16f7070efb1b1f505fad081f5e62)
1083-6101/asset/olbannerright.jpg?v=1&s=0fe9313fc5c29ba790538428a665240bb889c872)
