New Mexico's 1998 drive-up liquor window closure. Study I: effect on alcohol-involved crashes

  1. Sandra C. Lapham1,*,
  2. Paul J. Gruenwald2,
  3. Lillian Remer2,
  4. Larry Layne3

Article first published online: 8 APR 2004

DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00708.x

Issue

Addiction

Addiction

Volume 99, Issue 5, pages 598–606, May 2004

Additional Information

How to Cite

Lapham, S. C., Gruenwald, P. J., Remer, L. and Layne, L. (2004), New Mexico's 1998 drive-up liquor window closure. Study I: effect on alcohol-involved crashes. Addiction, 99: 598–606. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00708.x

Author Information

  1. 1

    Behavioral Health Research Center of the Southwest, Albuquerque, NM,

  2. 2

    Prevention Research Center, Berkeley, CA and

  3. 3

    Division of Government Research, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA

*Sandra C. Lapham Director Behavioral Health Research Center of  the Southwest 612 Encino Place NE Albuquerque NM 87102 USA Tel: 505 244 3099 Fax: 505 244 3408 E-mail: slapham@bhrcs.org

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 8 APR 2004
  2. Article first published online: 8 APR 2004
  3. Submitted 10 February 2003; initial review completed 16 June 2003; final version accepted 2 December 2003

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Keywords:

  • alcohol outlet;
  • alcohol-related crashes;
  • drive-up liquor window;
  • drunk driving;
  • spatial analysis

ABSTRACT

Aims  To determine the spatial relationship between drive-up liquor window locations and alcohol-related traffic crashes for 2 years before and after New Mexico banned drive-through alcohol sales.

Design  Current liquor licenses, crash data, roadway information and US Census data were used in this analysis. Cross-sectional and longitudinal regression analyses were applied to the entire state, and to Albuquerque only.

Findings  Of all NM liquor licenses, 189 (9%) included drive-up sales, which co-occurred with on- or off-premise licenses (94%). The rate of non-pedestrian alcohol-related crashes relative to non-pedestrian total crashes showed an increasing trend prior to closure and a decreasing trend after the closure. Cross-sectional analyses in Albuquerque revealed that the percentage of alcohol-involved crashes was not related to densities of on- or off-premise outlets per kilometer of roadway, or to percentage of drive-up outlets. Statewide, the percentage of drive-up outlets was not significantly related to the percentage of alcohol-related crashes within census tracts but was associated positively with the percentage of alcohol-related crashes in surrounding census tracts. There was no statistically significant relationship between number of drive-ups and percentage of alcohol-related crashes in either longitudinal model.

Conclusions  Despite the declining rate of alcohol-related crashes following closure of drive-up liquor windows, both in Albuquerque and statewide, regression models using spatial data do not demonstrate definitively an association between the decline and the closure of the drive-up liquor windows.

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