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Comparative study between nadolol and 5-isosorbide mononitrate vs. endoscopic band ligation plus sclerotherapy in the prevention of variceal rebleeding in cirrhotic patients: a randomized controlled trial

  1. G. ROMERO1,†,
  2. D. KRAVETZ1,†,
  3. J. ARGONZ1,
  4. C. VULCANO1,
  5. A. SUAREZ1,
  6. E. FASSIO2,
  7. N. DOMINGUEZ2,
  8. A. BOSCO2,
  9. A. MUÑOZ1,
  10. P. SALGADO1,
  11. R. TERG1

Article first published online: 10 JUL 2006

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03007.x

Issue

Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics

Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics

Volume 24, Issue 4, pages 601–611, August 2006

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How to Cite

ROMERO, G., KRAVETZ, D., ARGONZ, J., VULCANO, C., SUAREZ, A., FASSIO, E., DOMINGUEZ, N., BOSCO, A., MUÑOZ, A., SALGADO, P. and TERG, R. (2006), Comparative study between nadolol and 5-isosorbide mononitrate vs. endoscopic band ligation plus sclerotherapy in the prevention of variceal rebleeding in cirrhotic patients: a randomized controlled trial. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 24: 601–611. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03007.x

Author Information

  1. 1

    Liver Unit, Hospital de Gastroenterologia ‘Prof. Bonorino Udaondo’

  2. 2

    Gastroenterology Division, Hospital Nacional ‘ Prof. A Posadas’, Buenos Aires, Argentina

  1. †

    These authors contributed equally to this article.

*Dr D. Kravetz, Division of Gastroenterology, VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive 9111D, San Diego, CA 92161, USA. E-mail: dkravetz@ucsd.edu

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 10 JUL 2006
  2. Article first published online: 10 JUL 2006
  3. Publication data Submitted 8 February 2006 First decision 12 March 2006 Resubmitted 27 April 2006 Resubmitted 19 May 2006 Accepted 23 May 2006

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SUMMARY

Background  After variceal bleeding, cirrhotic patients should receive secondary prophylaxis.

Aim  To compare nadolol plus 5-isosorbide mononitrate (5-ISMN) with endoscopic band ligation. The end points were rebleeding, treatment failure and death.

Methods  One hundred and nine cirrhotic patients with a recent variceal bleeding were randomized: nadolol plus 5-ISMN in 57 patients and endoscopic band ligation in 52 patients.

Results  The mean follow-up was 17 and 19 months in nadolol plus 5-ISMN and endoscopic band ligation groups, respectively. No differences were observed between groups in upper rebleeding (47% vs. 46%), variceal rebleeding (40% vs. 36%), failure (32% vs. 22%), major complications (7% vs. 13.5%) and death (19% vs. 20%), respectively. The actuarial probability of remaining free of rebleeding, failure and deaths were similar in both groups. Time to rebleeding shows that endoscopic band ligation patients had an early rebleed, with a median of 0.5 month (95% CI: 0.0–4.2) compared with patients from nadolol plus 5-ISMN, 7.6 months (95% CI: 2.9–12.3, P < 0.013). Multivariate analysis indicated that outcome-specific predictive factor(s) for rebleeding was Child A vs. B + C (P < 0.01); for failure was Child A vs. B + C (P < 0.02); and for death ascites (P < 0.01) and rebleeding (P < 0.02).

Conclusion  This trial suggests no superiority of endoscopic band ligation over nadolol plus 5-ISMN mononitrate for the prevention of rebleeding in cirrhotic patients.

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