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A multi-tier approach to identifying environmental stress in altricial nestling birds
Article first published online: 24 MAY 2005
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2005.00976.x
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How to Cite
BLAS, J., BAOS, R., BORTOLOTTI, G. R., MARCHANT, T. and HIRALDO, F. (2005), A multi-tier approach to identifying environmental stress in altricial nestling birds. Functional Ecology, 19: 315–322. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2005.00976.x
Publication History
- Issue published online: 24 MAY 2005
- Article first published online: 24 MAY 2005
- Received 7 August 2004; revised 27 December 2004; accepted 6 January 2005
- Abstract
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Keywords:
- Ciconia ciconia;
- corticosterone;
- ecological stress;
- habitat quality;
- parental quality
Summary
- 1Birds respond to unpredictable events in the environment by releasing corticosterone, which triggers alternate responses to overcome stressful situations. However, it has been questioned whether altricial nestlings perceive and respond to ecological stressors. Although some studies show adrenal responsiveness in non-precocial species, others report a hyporesponsive period postulated to avoid deleterious effects of corticosterone.
- 2To test whether the environmental surroundings of nestlings modulate their stress levels we used a multi-tier comparative approach of plasma corticosterone: (1) within an individual, (2) among nestlings within a brood hierarchy, (3) among broods within a colony and (4) among individuals from different colonies.
- 3Nestlings reacted to our protocol by elevating their corticosterone. Baseline levels differed between colonies, and were higher in singleton nestlings compared with two- and three-chick broods, but there were no differences related to within-brood hierarchies, age or condition index.
- 4Acute levels were higher in older birds, suggesting a developmental change in adrenal responsiveness. Body condition also explained acute levels but only in singleton nestlings, with higher concentrations in heavier birds.
- 5Overall our results indicate that altricial nestlings do respond to a variety of environmental stressors, and variation in aspects of environmental quality (e.g. food supply, parental care) may be associated with the differences in stress.