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SYNTHESIS
Ecological niche conservatism: a time-structured review of evidence
Article first published online: 17 MAR 2011
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02456.x
© 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Additional Information
How to Cite
Peterson, A. T. (2011), Ecological niche conservatism: a time-structured review of evidence. Journal of Biogeography, 38: 817–827. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02456.x
Publication History
- Issue published online: 15 APR 2011
- Article first published online: 17 MAR 2011
Keywords:
- Ecological niche;
- evolutionary change;
- Grinnell;
- niche conservatism;
- niche identity;
- niche similarity;
- overfitting;
- speciation;
- temporal scale
Abstract
Aim To evaluate the evolutionary conservatism of coarse-resolution Grinnellian (or scenopoetic) ecological niches.
Location Global.
Methods I review a broad swathe of literature relevant to the topic of niche conservatism or differentiation, and illustrate some of the resulting insights with examplar analyses.
Results Ecological niche characteristics are highly conserved over short-to-moderate time spans (i.e. from individual life spans up to tens or hundreds of thousands of years); little or no ecological niche differentiation is discernible as part of the processes of invasion or speciation.
Main conclusions Although niche conservatism is widespread, many methodological complications obscure this point. In particular, niche models are frequently over-interpreted: too often, they are based on limited occurrence data in high-dimensional environmental spaces, and cannot be interpreted robustly to indicate niche differentiation.