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Connectivity of Caribbean coral populations: complementary insights from empirical and modelled gene flow

  1. NICOLA L. FOSTER1,†,
  2. CLAIRE B. PARIS2,
  3. JOHNATHAN T. KOOL3,4,
  4. ILIANA B. BAUMS5,
  5. JAMIE R. STEVENS6,
  6. JUAN A. SANCHEZ7,
  7. CAROLINA BASTIDAS8,
  8. CLAUDIA AGUDELO7,
  9. PHILLIPPE BUSH9,
  10. OWEN DAY10,
  11. RENATA FERRARI1,‡,
  12. PATRICIA GONZALEZ11,
  13. SHANNON GORE12,
  14. REIA GUPPY13,
  15. MICHAEL A. McCARTNEY14,
  16. CROY McCOY9,
  17. JUDITH MENDES15,
  18. ASHWANTH SRINIVASAN2,
  19. SASCHA STEINER16,
  20. MARK J. A. VERMEIJ17,18,
  21. ERNESTO WEIL19,
  22. PETER J. MUMBY1,‡

Article first published online: 25 JAN 2012

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05455.x

Issue

Molecular Ecology

Molecular Ecology

Volume 21, Issue 5, pages 1143–1157, March 2012

Additional Information

How to Cite

FOSTER, N. L., PARIS, C. B., KOOL, J. T., BAUMS, I. B., STEVENS, J. R., SANCHEZ, J. A., BASTIDAS, C., AGUDELO, C., BUSH, P., DAY, O., FERRARI, R., GONZALEZ, P., GORE, S., GUPPY, R., McCARTNEY, M. A., McCOY, C., MENDES, J., SRINIVASAN, A., STEINER, S., VERMEIJ, M. J. A., WEIL, E. and MUMBY, P. J. (2012), Connectivity of Caribbean coral populations: complementary insights from empirical and modelled gene flow. Molecular Ecology, 21: 1143–1157. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05455.x

Author Information

  1. 1

    Marine Spatial Ecology Lab, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter EX4 4PS, UK

  2. 2

    Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149, USA

  3. 3

    ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia

  4. 4

    Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB3, TMC, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia

  5. 5

    Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA

  6. 6

    Molecular Ecology and Evolution Group, School of Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK

  7. 7

    Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular Marina (BIOMMAR), Departamento Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1E No 18A – 10, PO Box 4976, Bogota, Colombia

  8. 8

    Departamento de Biología de Organismos, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Caracas 1080-A, Venezuela

  9. 9

    Marine Conservation Board, Cayman Islands Government, PO Box 486GT (KY1-1106), Cayman Islands

  10. 10

    Buccoo Reef Trust, Cowie’s Building, Carnbee Junction, Auchenskoech Road, Carnbe, Tobago, West Indies

  11. 11

    Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Calle 16 No. 114 entre 3ra y 1ra, Playa, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba

  12. 12

    Conservation & Fisheries Department, Ministry of Natural Resources & Labour, PO Box 332, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands

  13. 13

    Advanced Centre for Coastal and Oceanic Research and Development, Chaguaramas Campus, University of Trinidad and Tobago, Chaguaramas, Trinidad, West Indies

  14. 14

    Department of Biology and Marine Biology, Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, 5600 Marvin Moss Lane, Wilmington, NC 28409, USA

  15. 15

    Department of Life Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica, West Indies

  16. 16

    Institute for Tropical Marine Ecology, ITME Inc., PO Box 944, Roseau, Commonwealth of Dominica, West Indies

  17. 17

    Carmabi Foundation, PO Box 2090, Willemstad, Curacao, Netherlands Antilles

  18. 18

    Aquatic Microbiology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

  19. 19

    Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, PO Box 3208, Lajas, PR 00667, USA

  1. †

    Present address: School of Marine Science and Engineering, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK

  2. ‡

    Present address: School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia

*Peter J. Mumby, Fax: +61 7 3365 1655; E-mail: p.j.mumby@uq.edu.au

  1. †

    Present address: School of Marine Science and Engineering, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK

  2. ‡

    Present address: School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 23 FEB 2012
  2. Article first published online: 25 JAN 2012
  3. Received 16 November 2010; revision received 19 November 2011; accepted 30 November 2011

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Fig. S1 Geographical localities in the Caribbean from which samples of Montastraea annularis were collected (numbered yellow circles) and associated map of derived polygon boundaries divided into sub-regions.

Fig. S2 Isolation by distance analysis of Montastraea annularis field data using Nei’s genetic distance (DA).

Fig. S3 Geographical subdivision of Caribbean sampling locations of Montastraea annularis as inferred using hierarchical structure analysis for: (a) empirical genetic data; (b) genetic projection model data.

Table S1 Characteristics of Montastraea annularis microsatellite markers in the 26 sampling locations.

Table S2 Mean membership (q) of each Montastraea annularis sampling location belonging to the respective clusters and sub-clusters identified by structure analysis for: (a) empirical genetic data—all sampling locations, K = 3; (b) empirical genetic data—cluster A, K = 2; (c) empirical genetic data—cluster B, K = 2; (d) genetic projection data—all sampling locations, K = 3; (e) genetic projection data—cluster A, K = 5; (f) genetic projection data— cluster B, K = 2; (g) genetic projection data—cluster C, K = 4.

Table S3 Biological parameters of the bio-oceanographic larval connectivity model. N denotes number of particles released per reef polygon.

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