The authors equally contributed to this paper.
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Allergy and sports in children
Article first published online: 27 JAN 2012
DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2011.01256.x
© 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S
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How to Cite
Del Giacco, S. R., Carlsen, K.-H. and Du Toit, G. (2012), Allergy and sports in children. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 23: 11–20. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2011.01256.x
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The authors equally contributed to this paper.
Publication History
- Issue published online: 27 JAN 2012
- Article first published online: 27 JAN 2012
- Accepted for publication 8 November 2011
- Abstract
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Keywords:
- allergy;
- sports;
- children;
- exercise-induced asthma;
- exercise-induced anaphylaxis;
- exercise-induced urticaria;
- specific oral tolerance induction (SOTI)
To cite this article: Del Giacco SR, Carlsen K-H, Du Toit G. Allergy and sports in children. Pediatric Allergy Immunol 2012: 23: 11–20.
Abstract
Physical activity is beneficial for children with positive outcomes for mental and physical well-being. Allergic conditions unique to the sporting arena may serve as an impediment to participation in physical activity for allergic children. A common example is exercise-induced asthma; less common activity-related allergic conditions include food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis, exercise-induced anaphylaxis, and exercise-induced urticaria. Allergic children may also be at risk of allergic reactions when exposed to allergens that are more commonly found in the sports environment, e.g., latex, sports drinks, and medications such as NSAIDs. Recent advances in our understanding of the patho-physiological and immunologic mechanisms that may account for these conditions have facilitated more effective and safer management strategies. There are also important immunologic lessons to be learnt with respect to specific physical factors that may result in diminished allergen tolerance; indeed, these lessons may facilitate safer allergen desensitisation regimens. The role of the immune system in exercise-induced immunoallergic syndromes, clinical aspects, and diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are discussed in this review.