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On the worldwide spread of an insecticide resistance gene: a role for local selection

  1. P. LABBE1,
  2. T. LENORMAND2,
  3. M. RAYMOND1

Article first published online: 23 MAY 2005

DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00938.x

Issue

Journal of Evolutionary Biology

Journal of Evolutionary Biology

Volume 18, Issue 6, pages 1471–1484, November 2005

Additional Information

How to Cite

LABBE, P., LENORMAND, T. and RAYMOND, M. (2005), On the worldwide spread of an insecticide resistance gene: a role for local selection. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 18: 1471–1484. doi: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00938.x

Author Information

  1. 1

    Team Genetics of Adaptation, Laboratoire Génétique et Environnement, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution (UMR CNRS 5554), Université de Montpellier II (C.C. 065), Montpellier Cedex 05, France

  2. 2

    CEFE-FRE 2633 CNRS, Montpellier Cedex 05, France

*Michel Raymond, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution (UMR 5554), Université de Montpellier II (C.C. 065), F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France. Tel.: (33) 4 67 14 46 15; fax: (33) 4 67 14 46 32; e-mail: raymond@isem.univ-montp2.fr

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 12 OCT 2005
  2. Article first published online: 23 MAY 2005
  3. Received 3 November 2004; revised 24 March 2005; accepted 24 March 2005

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Keywords:

  • Culex pipiens;
  • genetic drift;
  • global and local selection;
  • history;
  • insecticide resistance gene;
  • mosquito;
  • overproduced esterases

Abstract

Adaptation occurs by gene replacement (or transient balanced polymorphism). Replacement may be caused by selection (local or global) and/or genetic drift among alleles. In addition, historical events may blur the respective effects of selection and drift during the course of replacement. We address the relative importance of these processes in the evolution of insecticide resistance genes in the mosquito Culex pipiens. The resistance allele, Ester2, has a broad geographic distribution compared to the other resistance alleles. To distinguish between the different processes explaining this distribution, we reviewed the literature and analysed updated data from the Montpellier area of southern France. Overall, our data indicate that Ester2 prevails over other Ester resistance alleles in moderately treated areas. Such conditions are common and favour the hypothesis of selection acting at a local level. This places an emphasis on the importance of ecological conditions during the evolution of resistance. Finally, we highlight that historical events have contributed to its spread in some areas.

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