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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Influence of hypercapnia on the synthesis of neuropeptides and their receptors in murine brain
Article first published online: 26 DEC 2012
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2012.02245.x
© 2012 The Authors. Respirology © 2012 Asian Pacific Society of Respirology
Additional Information
How to Cite
WANG, W., LI, Q., PAN, Y., ZHU, D. and WANG, L. (2013), Influence of hypercapnia on the synthesis of neuropeptides and their receptors in murine brain. Respirology, 18: 102–107. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2012.02245.x
Publication History
- Issue published online: 26 DEC 2012
- Article first published online: 26 DEC 2012
- Accepted manuscript online: 10 AUG 2012 03:30AM EST
- Received 3 March 2012; invited to revise 8 April 2012, 30 April 2012, 5 July 2012, 27 July 2012; revised 26 April 2012, 22 May 2012, 9 July 2012, 28 July 2012; accepted 29 July 2012 (Associate Editor: Amanda Piper).
- Abstract
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Keywords:
- galanin;
- hypercapnia;
- neuropeptide Y;
- obstructive sleep apnoea;
- orexin
ABSTRACT
Background and objective: Sleep disorders are a complicated and major public health concern affecting millions of individuals. Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common but still under-recognized disease which can cause intermittent nocturnal hypercapnia. Neuropeptides play critical roles in neurotransmission, acting as transmitters or modulators. Results from recent studies have implicated several neuropeptides in sleep and breathing regulation, including orexin, neuropeptides Y and galanin. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of hypercapnia on these neuropeptides and their receptors in order to assess their potential role in the pathogenesis of OSA.
Methods: Fifteen C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups and exposed to moderate hypercapnia (5% CO2 with balanced room air), or severe hypercapnia (10% CO2 with balanced room air) or room air for 3 h (9:00–12:00 h), respectively. Immediately following exposure the brainstem and hypothalamus were excised for real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses.
Results: In the hypothalamus gene expression including galanin, orexin and neuropeptide Y receptor 1 (NPYR1) was downregulated by hypercapnia. However, protein and mRNA levels of orexin-A receptor were upregulated by severe hypercapnia. In the brainstem only NPYR1 mRNA expression was decreased in moderate hypercapnia compared with that in severe hypercapnia.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that hypercapnia can affect these neuropeptides and their receptors, especially the orexin and orexin-A receptor. The potential relationships between these peptides and OSA are worthy of further investigation.