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The maximum entropy formalism and the idiosyncratic theory of biodiversity
Article first published online: 13 AUG 2007
DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01096.x
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How to Cite
Pueyo, S., He, F. and Zillio, T. (2007), The maximum entropy formalism and the idiosyncratic theory of biodiversity. Ecology Letters, 10: 1017–1028. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01096.x
Publication History
- Issue published online: 13 AUG 2007
- Article first published online: 13 AUG 2007
- Editor, Thomas Crist Manuscript received 20 March 2007 First decision made 21 April 2007 Second decision made 27 June 2007 Manuscript accepted 9 July 2007
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Keywords:
- Bayesian statistics;
- diversity patterns;
- log-normal;
- log-series;
- macroecology;
- maximum entropy formalism;
- neutral theory;
- scaling;
- species abundance distribution;
- statistical physics
Abstract
Why does the neutral theory, which is based on unrealistic assumptions, predict diversity patterns so accurately? Answering questions like this requires a radical change in the way we tackle them. The large number of degrees of freedom of ecosystems pose a fundamental obstacle to mechanistic modelling. However, there are tools of statistical physics, such as the maximum entropy formalism (MaxEnt), that allow transcending particular models to simultaneously work with immense families of models with different rules and parameters, sharing only well-established features. We applied MaxEnt allowing species to be ecologically idiosyncratic, instead of constraining them to be equivalent as the neutral theory does. The answer we found is that neutral models are just a subset of the majority of plausible models that lead to the same patterns. Small variations in these patterns naturally lead to the main classical species abundance distributions, which are thus unified in a single framework.