Present addresses: CNRS/UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29682 Roscoff, France;
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Genomic and functional analysis of Vibrio phage SIO-2 reveals novel insights into ecology and evolution of marine siphoviruses
Article first published online: 9 JAN 2012
DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02685.x
© 2012 Society for Applied Microbiology and Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Issue
Environmental Microbiology
Special Issue: Ecology, Evolution and Population Genetics of Pathogenic Microbes
Volume 14, Issue 8, pages 2071–2086, August 2012
Additional Information
How to Cite
Baudoux, A.-C., Hendrix, R. W., Lander, G. C., Bailly, X., Podell, S., Paillard, C., Johnson, J. E., Potter, C. S., Carragher, B. and Azam, F. (2012), Genomic and functional analysis of Vibrio phage SIO-2 reveals novel insights into ecology and evolution of marine siphoviruses. Environmental Microbiology, 14: 2071–2086. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02685.x
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Present addresses: CNRS/UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29682 Roscoff, France;
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Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Publication History
- Issue published online: 26 JUL 2012
- Article first published online: 9 JAN 2012
- Received 29 June, 2011; revised 15 November, 2011; accepted 27 November, 2011.
Summary
We report on a genomic and functional analysis of a novel marine siphovirus, the Vibrio phage SIO-2. This phage is lytic for related Vibrio species of great ecological interest including the broadly antagonistic bacterium Vibrio sp. SWAT3 as well as notable members of the Harveyi clade (V. harveyi ATTC BAA-1116 and V. campbellii ATCC 25920). Vibrio phage SIO-2 has a circularly permuted genome of 80 598 bp, which displays unusual features. This genome is larger than that of most known siphoviruses and only 38 of the 116 predicted proteins had homologues in databases. Another divergence is manifest by the origin of core genes, most of which share robust similarities with unrelated viruses and bacteria spanning a wide range of phyla. These core genes are arranged in the same order as in most bacteriophages but they are unusually interspaced at two places with insertions of DNA comprising a high density of uncharacterized genes. The acquisition of these DNA inserts is associated with morphological variation of SIO-2 capsid, which assembles as a large (80 nm) shell with a novel T = 12 symmetry. These atypical structural features confer on SIO-2 a remarkable stability to a variety of physical, chemical and environmental factors. Given this high level of functional and genomic novelty, SIO-2 emerges as a model of considerable interest in ecological and evolutionary studies.