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Efficacy of nilutamide as secondary hormonal therapy in androgen-independent prostate cancer

  1. Mari Nakabayashi1,
  2. Meredith M. Regan2,
  3. Deborah Lifsey3,
  4. Philip W. Kantoff1,
  5. Mary-Ellen Taplin1,
  6. Oliver Sartor3,
  7. William K. Oh1,*

Article first published online: 9 SEP 2005

DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.05714.x

Issue

BJU International

BJU International

Volume 96, Issue 6, pages 783–786, October 2005

Additional Information

How to Cite

Nakabayashi, M., Regan, M. M., Lifsey, D., Kantoff, P. W., Taplin, M.-E., Sartor, O. and Oh, W. K. (2005), Efficacy of nilutamide as secondary hormonal therapy in androgen-independent prostate cancer. BJU International, 96: 783–786. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.05714.x

Author Information

  1. 1

    Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology and

  2. 2

    Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, and

  3. 3

    Department of Hematology/Oncology, Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA

*William K. Oh, Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA. e-mail: William_oh@dfci.harvard.edu

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 9 SEP 2005
  2. Article first published online: 9 SEP 2005
  3. Accepted for publication 28 April 2005

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Keywords:

  • nilutamide;
  • androgen-independent prostate cancer;
  • secondary hormonal therapy;
  • PSA response

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the activity of nilutamide as secondary hormonal therapy in patients with androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC), as treatment options are limited for these patients and secondary hormonal therapy with antiandrogens has advantages, including low toxicity, oral administration and high patient acceptance.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We retrospectively identified 45 patients with AIPC who were treated with nilutamide as secondary hormonal therapy in two institutions. The decrease in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, side-effects of treatment, and the relationship between baseline characteristics, type and duration of previous therapy and response to nilutamide were assessed. Most patients received oral nilutamide at 150 mg/day.

RESULTS

Eighteen of 45 evaluable patients (40%) had a PSA level decrease of ≥ 50%. Responders (PSA decline ≥ 50%) had a median (range) time to progression of 4.4 (0.31–44.7) months. There were responses to nilutamide whether used as the second to fifth line of hormonal therapy. There were no differences in response to nilutamide based on clinical stage, type of local therapy, PSA level at diagnosis or initiation of nilutamide, or type of previous antiandrogen therapy. Responders were more likely to have received monotherapy with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogues or orchidectomy as first-line hormonal treatment (P = 0.02). The most common reversible adverse effects were mild to moderate visual adaptation effects, reported in 20% of patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Nilutamide appears to be an effective secondary hormonal therapy in patients with AIPC and is associated with a mild toxicity profile.

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