C.-H.P. and S.-K.M. contributed equally to this work as first author
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Coffee consumption and risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies
Article first published online: 30 JUN 2010
DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2010.09493.x
© 2010 THE AUTHORS. JOURNAL COMPILATION © 2010 BJU INTERNATIONAL
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How to Cite
Park, C.-H., Myung, S.-K., Kim, T.-Y., Seo, H. G., Jeon, Y.-J., Kim, Y. and Korean Meta-Analysis (KORMA) Study Group (2010), Coffee consumption and risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. BJU International, 106: 762–769. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2010.09493.x
Publication History
- Issue published online: 26 AUG 2010
- Article first published online: 30 JUN 2010
- Accepted for publication 18 February 2010
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Keywords:
- coffee consumption;
- prostate cancer;
- meta-analysis;
- epidemiological studies
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between coffee consumption and the risk of prostate cancer.
METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the bibliographies of relevant articles in August 2009. Two evaluators independently reviewed and selected articles based on predetermined selection criteria.
RESULTS Twelve epidemiological studies (eight case-control studies and four cohort studies) were included in the final analysis. In a meta-analysis of all included studies, when compared with the lowest level of coffee consumption, the overall relative risk (RR) of prostate cancer for the highest level of coffee consumption was 1.16 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.33). In subgroup meta-analyses by study design, there was a significant positive (harmful) association between coffee consumption and prostate cancer risk in seven case-control studies using both crude and adjusted data (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.02–1.40; and RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.03–1.43, respectively), whereas there was no significant association in four cohort studies using crude or adjusted data (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.68–1.38; and RR 1.06, 95% CI 0.83–1.35, respectively).
CONCLUSION Given that a cohort study gives a higher level of evidence than a case-control study, there is no evidence to support a harmful effect of coffee consumption on prostate cancer risk. Further prospective cohort studies are required.