Perinatal risk factors for childhood Type 1 diabetes in Western Australia—a population-based study (1980–2002)

  1. A. Haynes1,2,
  2. C. Bower2,
  3. M. K. Bulsara2,3,
  4. J. Finn3,
  5. T. W. Jones1,2,
  6. E. A. Davis1,2

Article first published online: 26 APR 2007

DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02149.x

Issue

Diabetic Medicine

Diabetic Medicine

Volume 24, Issue 5, pages 564–570, May 2007

Additional Information

How to Cite

Haynes, A., Bower, C., Bulsara, M. K., Finn, J., Jones, T. W. and Davis, E. A. (2007), Perinatal risk factors for childhood Type 1 diabetes in Western Australia—a population-based study (1980–2002). Diabetic Medicine, 24: 564–570. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02149.x

Author Information

  1. 1

    Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Princess Margaret Hospital,

  2. 2

    Telethon Institute of Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research and

  3. 3

    School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia

* Dr Elizabeth A. Davis, Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Princess Margaret Hospital, GPO Box D184, Perth, Western Australia 6008. E-mail: elizabeth.davis@health.wa.gov.au

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 26 APR 2007
  2. Article first published online: 26 APR 2007
  3. Accepted 21 December 2006

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Keywords:

  • birth order;
  • birth weight;
  • gestational age;
  • maternal age;
  • Type 1 diabetes

Abstract

Aims  To investigate perinatal risk factors for childhood Type 1 diabetes in Western Australia, using a complete population-based cohort.

Methods  Children born between 1980 and 2002 and diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes aged < 15 years (n = 940) up to 31 December 2003 were identified using a prospective population-based diabetes register with a case ascertainment rate of 99.8%. Perinatal data were obtained for all live births in Western Australia from 1980 to 2002 (n = 558 633) and record linkage performed to identify the records of cases.

Results  The incidence of Type 1 diabetes increased by 13% for each 5-year increase in maternal age [adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05, 1.21], by 13% for every 500-g increase in birth weight (adjusted IRR 1.13, 95% CI 1.04, 1.23). The incidence decreased with increasing birth order (adjusted IRR 0.89, 95% CI 0.82, 0.96) and increasing gestational age (adjusted IRR 0.84, 95% CI 0.77, 0.93). A higher incidence of Type 1 diabetes was associated with an urban vs. non-urban maternal address at the time of birth (adjusted IRR 1.38, 95% CI 1.18, 1.63), but no association was found with socio-economic status of the area.

Conclusions  A higher incidence of Type 1 diabetes was associated with increasing maternal age, higher birth weight, lower gestational age, lower birth order and urban place of residence at the time of birth.

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