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The Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ): Factorial structure, relations to global subjective memory ratings, and Swedish norms
Article first published online: 8 JAN 2008
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2007.00600.x
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How to Cite
RÖNNLUND, M., MÄNTYLÄ, T. and NILSSON, L.-G. (2008), The Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ): Factorial structure, relations to global subjective memory ratings, and Swedish norms. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 49: 11–18. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2007.00600.x
Publication History
- Issue published online: 8 JAN 2008
- Article first published online: 8 JAN 2008
- Received 6 March 2007, accepted 16 May 2007
- Abstract
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Keywords:
- PRMQ;
- prospective memory;
- retrospective memory;
- memory failure;
- self-reports;
- confirmatory factor analysis
The factorial structure of the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ; Smith et al., 2000) was examined in a Swedish population based sample (N= 540, age range; 35–90 years). Concurrent validity was assessed by relating PRMQ to global ratings of memory. Confirmatory factor analyses of the PRMQ items indicated a superior fit of a three-factor model, with prospective and retrospective memory as orthogonal factors and episodic memory as a common factor. Furthermore, the PRMQ scales correlated with the global ratings of memory, suggesting that each rating contributed with unique variance in predicting PRMQ scores. Given differences in levels of complaints as compared with prior research (Crawford et al., 2003) norms for the Swedish version are provided. In conclusion, the present findings extend earlier work by providing additional support for the construct and concurrent validity of the PRMQ scales.