These authors contributed equally to this work.
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C2 from Beet curly top virus promotes a cell environment suitable for efficient replication of geminiviruses, providing a novel mechanism of viral synergism
Article first published online: 8 MAR 2012
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04080.x
© 2012 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2012 New Phytologist Trust
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How to Cite
Caracuel, Z., Lozano-Durán, R., Huguet, S., Arroyo-Mateos, M., Rodríguez-Negrete, E. A. and Bejarano, E. R. (2012), C2 from Beet curly top virus promotes a cell environment suitable for efficient replication of geminiviruses, providing a novel mechanism of viral synergism. New Phytologist, 194: 846–858. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04080.x
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These authors contributed equally to this work.
Publication History
- Issue published online: 10 APR 2012
- Article first published online: 8 MAR 2012
- Received: 27 October 2011, Accepted: 13 January 2012
Keywords:
- C2;
- cell cycle;
- geminivirus;
- replication competency;
- synergism
Summary
- •Geminiviruses are plant viruses with circular, single-stranded (ss) DNA genomes that infect a wide range of species and cause important losses in agriculture. Geminiviruses do not encode their own DNA polymerase, and rely on the host cell machinery for their replication.
- •Here, we identify a positive effect of the curtovirus Beet curly top virus (BCTV) on the begomovirus Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus (TYLCSV) infection in Nicotiana benthamiana plants.
- •Our results show that this positive effect is caused by the promotion of TYLCSV replication by BCTV C2. Transcriptomic analyses of plants expressing C2 unveil an up-regulation of cell cycle-related genes induced on cell cycle re-entry; experiments with two mutated versions of C2 indicate that this function resides in the N-terminal part of C2, which is also sufficient to enhance geminiviral replication. Moreover, C2 expression promotes the replication of other geminiviral species, but not of RNA viruses.
- •We conclude that BCTV C2 has a novel function in the promotion of viral replication, probably by restoring the DNA replication competency of the infected cells and thus creating a favourable cell environment for viral spread. Because C2 seems to have a broad impact on the replication of geminiviruses, this mechanism might have important epidemiological implications.