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Summary. Corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) was measured directly in maternal plasma using an immunoradiometric assay (IRMA). In the first and second trimester CRF levels were within the non-pregnant range (mean 15 pg/ml). A total of 72 women was followed sequentially from 28 weeks until delivery and CRF levels rose from a median of 20 pg/ml at 28 weeks to 1320 pg/ml at 40 weeks and 1732 pg/ml during labour. There was a strong correlation (rs= 0·81, P<0·001) between gestational age and CRF levels. The rate of rise of CRF (pg/ml) per week was associated with weight gain (rs= 0·36, P<0·05) but with no other obstetric variable. There was an association between umbilical cord and maternal plasma CRF levels (rs= 0·54, P<0·01).