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Summary. Between 1971 and 1985, at the Haguenau Maternity Hospital, a 20% decrease was observed in the rate of small-for-gestationalage infants (birthweight <10th centile using figures from all the study births) among 20 101 births between 28 and 42 weeks. This decrease could not be explained by simultaneous changes in socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics of the pregnant women, nor a recruitment bias. The earliness of prenatal care at the Maternity Hospital may have played a role in the downward trend. Further research is needed to confirm the influence of prenatal care on the rate of small-forgestational-age babies.