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Summary. The effect of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC, L-αlecithin), a substance not containing arachidonic acid, on prostaglandin E (PGE) production of amniotic membrane was studied. DPPC (3.125800 μg/ml) stimulated PGE production of amniotic membrane (150200%), suggesting that lecithin, the major surfactant component, is directly involved in the mechanism of human parturition as a stimulator of PGE production.