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Aromatherapy in childbirth: a pilot randomised controlled trial

  1. E Burns1,*,
  2. V Zobbi2,
  3. D Panzeri2,
  4. R Oskrochi3,
  5. A Regalia2

Article first published online: 16 MAY 2007

DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2007.01381.x

Issue

BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Volume 114, Issue 7, pages 838–844, July 2007

Additional Information

How to Cite

Burns, E., Zobbi, V., Panzeri, D., Oskrochi, R. and Regalia, A. (2007), Aromatherapy in childbirth: a pilot randomised controlled trial. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 114: 838–844. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2007.01381.x

Author Information

  1. 1

    School of Health and Social Care, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK

  2. 2

    Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milan – Bicocca, Monza, Italy

  3. 3

    Department of Statistics, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK

*Dr E Burns, School of Health and Social Care, Oxford Brookes University, Marston Site, Jack Straws Lane, Oxford OX3 OFL, UK. Email eburns@brookes.ac.uk

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 16 MAY 2007
  2. Article first published online: 16 MAY 2007
  3. Accepted 28 March 2007. Published OnlineEarly 16 May 2007.

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Keywords:

  • Aromatherapy;
  • childbirth;
  • complementary and alternative medicine;
  • intrapartum;
  • labour;
  • midwifery

Objectives  We aimed to determine the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial (RCT) on the use of aromatherapy during labour as a care option that could improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Design  RCT comparing aromatherapy with standard care during labour.

Setting  District general maternity unit in Italy.

Sample  Two hundred and fifty-one women randomised to aromatherapy and 262 controls.

Methods  Participants randomly assigned to administration of selected essential oils during labour by midwives specifically trained in their use and modes of application.

Main outcome measures  Intrapartum outcomes were the following: operative delivery, spontaneous delivery, first- and second-stage augmentation, pharmacological pain relief, artificial rupture of membranes, vaginal examinations, episiotomy, labour length, neonatal wellbeing (Apgar scores) and transfer to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Results  There were no significant differences for the following outcomes: caesarean section (relative risk [RR] 0.99, 95% CI: 0.70–1.41), ventouse (RR 1.5, 95% CI: 0.31–7.62), Kristeller manoeuvre (RR 0.97, 95% CI: 0.64–1.48), spontaneous vaginal delivery (RR 0.99, 95% CI: 0.75–1.3), first-stage augmentation (RR 1.01, 95% CI: 0.83–1.4) and second-stage augmentation (RR 1.18, 95% CI: 0.82–1.7). Significantly more babies born to control participants were transferred to NICU, 0 versus 6 (2%), P= 0.017. Pain perception was reduced in aromatherapy group for nulliparae. The study, however, was underpowered.

Conclusion  This study demonstrated that it is possible to undertake an RCT using aromatherapy as an intervention to examine a range of intrapartum outcomes, and it provides useful information for future sample size calculations.

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