You have full text access to this OnlineOpen article

The effect of maternal alcohol consumption on fetal growth and preterm birth

  1. CM O’Leary1,*,
  2. N Nassar1,
  3. JJ Kurinczuk2,
  4. C Bower1

Article first published online: 21 JAN 2009

DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2008.02058.x

Issue

BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Volume 116, Issue 3, pages 390–400, February 2009

Additional Information

How to Cite

O’Leary, C., Nassar, N., Kurinczuk, J. and Bower, C. (2009), The effect of maternal alcohol consumption on fetal growth and preterm birth. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 116: 390–400. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2008.02058.x

Author Information

  1. 1

    Division of Population Sciences, Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia

  2. 2

    National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, UK

*Ms CM O’Leary, Division of Population Sciences, Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA 6872, Australia. Email colleeno@ichr.uwa.edu.au

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 21 JAN 2009
  2. Article first published online: 21 JAN 2009
  3. Accepted 26 October 2008.

SEARCH

SEARCH BY CITATION

ARTICLE TOOLS

View Full Article (HTML) Get PDF (126K)

Keywords:

  • Fetal growth;
  • high risk;
  • pregnancy;
  • prenatal alcohol exposure;
  • preterm birth;
  • RASCALS;
  • small for gestational age

Objective  To investigate the relationship between prenatal alcohol exposure and fetal growth and preterm birth and to estimate the effect of dose and timing of alcohol exposure in pregnancy.

Design  A population-based cohort study linked to birth information on the Western Australian Midwives Notification System.

Setting  Western Australia.

Population  A 10% random sample of births restricted to nonindigenous women who had delivered a singleton infant (n= 4719) in 1995–1997.

Methods  The impact of alcohol consumption in pregnancy on fetal growth (small-for-gestational-age [SGA] and large-for-gestational-age infants [LGA]) and preterm birth (<37 weeks of gestation) was assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis and adjusting for confounding factors.

Main outcome measures  Odds ratios and 95% CI, attributable risk, and population attributable risk were calculated.

Results  The percentage of SGA infants and preterm birth increased with higher levels of prenatal alcohol exposure; however, the association between alcohol intake and SGA infants was attenuated after adjustment for maternal smoking. Low levels of prenatal alcohol were not associated with preterm birth; however, binge drinking resulted in a nonsignificant increase in odds. Preterm birth was associated with moderate and higher levels of prenatal alcohol consumption for the group of women who ceased drinking before the second trimester. This group of women was significantly more likely to deliver a preterm infant than women who abstained from alcohol (adjusted OR 1.73 [95% CI 1.01–3.14]).

Conclusions  Alcohol intake at higher levels, particularly heavy and binge drinking patterns, is associated with increased risk of preterm birth even when drinking is ceased before the second trimester. This finding, however, is based on small numbers and needs further investigation. Dose and timing of prenatal alcohol exposure appears to affect preterm delivery and should be considered in future research and health education.

View Full Article (HTML) Get PDF (126K)