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Keywords:

  • Giovanni di Paolo;
  • plague;
  • Vienna Akademie

This article aims to resolve scholarly confusion regarding the subject of a panel by Sienese artist Giovanni di Paolo now in Vienna (Akademie der bildenden Kunst). The picture shows a posthumous miracle of the recently canonized Augustinian friar and famous miracle worker Nicholas of Tolentino (d. 1305, canonized 1446), who is shown hovering in the sky above a city. Despite agreement on the reconstruction of the original altarpiece to which this narrative once belonged, art historians remain divided over the identity of the represented miracle. My study re-examines the visual data to refute the most common readings of the panel as a resurrection and argues for acceptance of Bernard Berenson's original identification of the scene as Nicholas saving a town from plague.