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Prevalence of Psychiatric Illnesses in Older Ethnic Minority Adults

  1. Daniel E. Jimenez PhD,
  2. Margarita Alegría PhD,
  3. Chih-nan Chen PhD,
  4. Domin Chan PhD,
  5. Mara Laderman BA

Article first published online: 26 JAN 2010

DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02685.x

Issue

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

Volume 58, Issue 2, pages 256–264, February 2010

Additional Information

How to Cite

Jimenez, D. E., Alegría, M., Chen, C.-n., Chan, D. and Laderman, M. (2010), Prevalence of Psychiatric Illnesses in Older Ethnic Minority Adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 58: 256–264. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02685.x

Author Information

  1. From the *Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire; †Harvard Medical School and Center for Multicultural Mental Health Research, Cambridge Health Alliance, Somerville, Massachusetts; and ‡Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington

*Address correspondence to Daniel Jimenez, Center for Multicultural Mental Health Research 120 Beacon St., Fourth Floor Somerville, MA 02143. E-mail: daniel.e.jimenez@dartmouth.edu

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 27 JAN 2010
  2. Article first published online: 26 JAN 2010

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Keywords:

  • ethnicity;
  • prevalence;
  • psychiatric illness;
  • older adults

OBJECTIVES: To compare lifetime and 12-month prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a nationally representative sample of older Latino, Asian, African-American, and Afro-Caribbean adults with that of older non-Latino white adults.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional study conducted in 2001 through 2004.

SETTING: Urban and rural households in the contiguous United States.

PARTICIPANTS: Two thousand three hundred seventy-five community-dwelling residents aged 60 and older living in noninstitutional settings. Data are from the National Institutes of Mental Health Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiological Studies.

METHODS: The World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview assessed lifetime and 12-month psychiatric disorders. Bayesian estimates compared psychiatric disorder prevalence rates of ethnic and racial groups.

RESULTS: Older non-Latino whites exhibited a greater prevalence on several lifetime diagnoses than older Asian, African-American, and Afro-Caribbean respondents. Older Latinos did not differ from older non-Latino whites on any lifetime diagnosis and had higher 12-month rates of any depressive disorder. No differences were observed in the 12-month diagnoses between older non-Latino whites and the other racial and ethnic minority groups. Older immigrant Latinos had higher lifetime rates of dysthymia and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) than U.S.-born Latinos. Older immigrant Asians had higher lifetime rates of GAD than U.S.-born Asians. Older immigrant Latinos had higher 12-month rates of dysthymia than older U.S.-born Latinos.

CONCLUSION: Caution should be taken when generalizing the protective effects of ethnicity into old age. Older Asians and African-Americans exhibited lower prevalence rates of some psychiatric disorders, whereas older Latinos exhibited rates equal to those of older non-Latino whites. Also, the protective effect of nativity seems to vary according to age, psychiatric disorder, and ethnicity.

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