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Clinical Investigations
Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Muscle Strength, Gait and Balance in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Article first published online: 20 DEC 2011
DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03733.x
© 2011, Copyright the Authors Journal compilation © 2011, The American Geriatrics Society
Additional Information
How to Cite
Muir, S. W. and Montero-Odasso, M. (2011), Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Muscle Strength, Gait and Balance in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 59: 2291–2300. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03733.x
Publication History
- Issue published online: 20 DEC 2011
- Article first published online: 20 DEC 2011
Funded by
- Canadian Institutes of Health and Research
- Institute of Aging
- University of Western Ontario
- Drummond Foundation
- Physician Services Incorporated Foundation
- CIHR
- Abstract
- Article
- References
- Cited By
Keywords:
- vitamin D;
- aged;
- systematic review;
- randomized controlled trials;
- muscle strength;
- balance;
- gait
Objectives
To systematically review and quantitatively synthesize the effect of vitamin D supplementation on muscle strength, gait, and balance in older adults.
Design
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Setting
MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, bibliographies of selected articles, and previous systematic reviews were searched between January 1980 and November 2010 for eligible articles.
Participants
Older adults (≥60) participating in randomized controlled trials of the effect of supplemental vitamin D without an exercise intervention on muscle strength, gait, and balance.
Measurements
Data were independently extracted, and study quality was evaluated. Meta-analysis using a fixed-effects model was performed and the I2 statistic was used to assess heterogeneity.
Results
Of 714 potentially relevant articles, 13 met the inclusion criteria. In the pooled analysis, vitamin D supplementation yielded a standardized mean difference of −0.20 (95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.39 to −0.01, P = .04, I2 = 0%) for reduced postural sway, −0.19 (95% CI = −0.35 to −0.02, P = .03, I2 = 0%) for decreased time to complete the Timed Up and Go Test, and 0.05 (95% CI = −0.11 to 0.20, P = .04, I2 = 0%) for lower extremity strength gain. Regarding dosing frequency regimen, only one study demonstrated a beneficial effect on balance with a single large dose. All studies with daily doses of 800 IU or more demonstrated beneficial effects on balance and muscle strength.
Conclusion
Supplemental vitamin D with daily doses of 800 to 1,000 IU consistently demonstrated beneficial effects on strength and balance. An effect on gait was not demonstrated, although further evaluation is recommended.