Effect of smoking on concentrations of receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B ligand and osteoprotegerin in human gingival crevicular fluid

  1. Teck H. Tang1,
  2. Tracy R. Fitzsimmons2,
  3. P. Mark Bartold2

Article first published online: 30 JUN 2009

DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01444.x

Issue

Journal of Clinical Periodontology

Journal of Clinical Periodontology

Volume 36, Issue 9, pages 713–718, September 2009

Additional Information

How to Cite

Tang, T. H., Fitzsimmons, T. R. and Bartold, P. M. (2009), Effect of smoking on concentrations of receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B ligand and osteoprotegerin in human gingival crevicular fluid. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 36: 713–718. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01444.x

Author Information

  1. 1

    School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

  2. 2

    Centre for Orofacial Research And Learning, Colgate Australia Clinical Dental Research Centre, School of Dentistry, Adelaide Dental Hospital, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

*Address: P. Mark Bartold Centre for Orofacial Research And Learning Colgate Australia Clinical Dental Research Centre School of Dentistry Adelaide Dental Hospital 2nd Floor, Frome Road Adelaide SA 5005 Australia E-mail: mark.bartold@adelaide.edu.au

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 11 AUG 2009
  2. Article first published online: 30 JUN 2009
  3. Accepted for publication 26 May 2009

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Keywords:

  • gingival crevicular fluid;
  • OPG;
  • RANKL;
  • smoking

Abstract

Aim: To compare the levels of the soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B ligand (sRANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and their relative ratio in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) among periodontitis patients with varying smoking histories.

Material and Methods: GCF samples were collected from 149 periodontitis patients who were never smokers (n=58), former smokers (n=39) and current smokers (n=52). sRANKL and OPG concentrations in GCF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

Results: sRANKL, OPG and their relative ratio were not statistically significant among the never smokers, former smokers and current smokers. However, OPG was significantly reduced and subsequently the sRANKL:OPG ratio was significantly increased in the high pack-years group as compared with never smokers. The positive correlation between pack-years and the sRANKL:OPG ratio remained statistically significant after adjusting for age and current smoking status.

Conclusion: Increased lifetime exposure to cigarette smoking above a minimum threshold suppresses OPG production and leads to increased sRANKL:OPG. This may partially explain increased bone loss in smoking-related periodontitis.

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