Macaca fascicularis are highly susceptible to an RT-SHIV following intravaginal inoculation: a new model for microbicide evaluation

  1. Y. Jiang1,
  2. B. Tian1,
  3. M.B. Agy1,
  4. M. Saifuddin2,
  5. C.-C. Tsai1

Article first published online: 16 OCT 2009

DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2009.00374.x

Issue

Journal of Medical Primatology

Journal of Medical Primatology

Special Issue: 26th Annual Symposium of Nonhuman Primate Models for AIDS

Volume 38, Issue Supplement s1, pages 39–46, October 2009

Additional Information

How to Cite

Jiang, Y., Tian, B., Agy, M., Saifuddin, M. and Tsai, C.-C. (2009), Macaca fascicularis are highly susceptible to an RT-SHIV following intravaginal inoculation: a new model for microbicide evaluation. Journal of Medical Primatology, 38: 39–46. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2009.00374.x

Author Information

  1. 1

    Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

  2. 2

    CONRAD, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Arlington, VA, USA

*Che-Chung Tsai, UW Box 357330, HS Building, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7330, USA. Tel: 206-221-3516; fax: 206-685-0305; e-mail: cctsai@u.washington.edu

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 16 OCT 2009
  2. Article first published online: 16 OCT 2009
  3. Accepted 23 March 2009.

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Keywords:

  • HIV-1 reverse transcriptase;
  • Macaca fascicularis;
  • macaque model;
  • RT-SHIV

Abstract

Background  Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) is a major target for antiretroviral strategy to block or curtail HIV infection. A suitable RT-SHIV/macaque model is urgently needed for the evaluation of HIV/AIDS therapies and microbicides specifically targeting HIV-1 RT.

Methods  Fifteen cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) were divided into three groups (n = 5) and intravaginally inoculated with 4800, 1200, or 300 TCID50 of RT-SHIVtc. Systemic infections of RT-SHIVtc exposed macaques were determined by both virological and immunologic parameters during 24 weeks post-challenge.

Results  Within 2 weeks post-inoculation, 13 of 15 macaques became infected as confirmed by virus isolation, plasma viral RNA, proviral DNA, declined CD4+T cell counts in peripheral blood and seroconversion.

Conclusions  Results serve to validate the infectivity and pathogenicity of RT-SHIVtc following vaginal exposure in M. fascicularis. This RT-SHIVtc/macaque model could be suitable for the pre-clinical evaluation of non-nucleoside RT inhibitor-based anti-HIV microbicides.

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