ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT OF ORGANICALLY AND CONVENTIONALLY GROWN RICE CULTIVARS UNDER VARYING SEASONS

  1. AMIT KESARWANI1,*,
  2. PO-YUAN CHIANG2,
  3. SHIH-SHIUNG CHEN3,
  4. PO-CHUN SU2

Article first published online: 7 JUN 2012

DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2012.00661.x

Additional Information

How to Cite

KESARWANI, A., CHIANG, P.-Y., CHEN, S.-S. and SU, P.-C. (2012), ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT OF ORGANICALLY AND CONVENTIONALLY GROWN RICE CULTIVARS UNDER VARYING SEASONS. Journal of Food Biochemistry. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2012.00661.x

Author Information

  1. 1

    Department of Agronomy, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250, Guo Guang Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan

  2. 2

    Department of Food Science and Technology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan

  3. 3

    Department of Post Modern Agriculture, Ming Dao University, Chang Hwa County, Taiwan

* TEL: +886-928-479-440; FAX: +886-4-228-77-054; EMAIL: getkesar@gmail.com

Publication History

  1. Article first published online: 7 JUN 2012
  2. Accepted for Publication December 28, 2011

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ABSTRACT

The secondary metabolites of milled rice influenced by agronomic practices, seasons and their interaction effects were investigated. The ethanol extracts of rice grains in two japonica cultivars (Taikeng-16 and Kaohsiung-139) were analyzed with different assays to measure the total phenolic content, reducing power, radical-scavenging activity and chelating activity. Similar to earlier studies of phytochemicals, significantly higher antioxidant values were recorded in the organic rice. Second crop (November/December) in comparison with first crop (June/July) had significantly higher values of antioxidant activities, except for the chelating effect. The interaction between the agronomic practices and seasons had a detrimental effect on the crops because the combined factors had a more significant role than each factor alone. Even with the alterations in their content, polyphenols were positively correlated with the antioxidant activities, with the exception of chelating activity, when considering both factors (agronomic practices and season).

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

Our investigation focused on marketed milled rice which had been underestimated or neglected for the secondary metabolites production in earlier studies. The experiments were conducted on commercially available milled rice for analytical comparison of organically and conventionally grown two japonica rice cultivars for phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities. The result described the positive behavior of milled rice toward the organic farming which enhanced the phytochemicals content and reported higher levels than conventionally grown rice on average. Furthermore, the amounts were higher during winter season as compared with the summer period. The results provide information that the organically grown milled rice could be a potent natural antioxidant to protect against oxidative damage in regular diets while assuring sustainability and food safety.

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