Paper No. J06051 of the Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA). Discussions are open until February 1, 2008.
You have free access to this content
Ranch Ownership Change and New Approaches to Water Resource Management in Southwestern Montana: Implications for Fisheries†
Article first published online: 28 JUN 2007
DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00081.x
Issue

JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association
Volume 43, Issue 4, pages 990–1003, August 2007
Additional Information
How to Cite
Gosnell, H., Haggerty, J. H. and Byorth, P. A. (2007), Ranch Ownership Change and New Approaches to Water Resource Management in Southwestern Montana: Implications for Fisheries. JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 43: 990–1003. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00081.x
- †
Publication History
- Issue published online: 28 JUN 2007
- Article first published online: 28 JUN 2007
- Received April 9, 2006; accepted November 27, 2006.
Literature Cited
- and , 2002. Factors Influencing the Distribution of Myxobolus cerebralis, the Causative Agent of Whirling Disease in the Cache La Poudre River, Colorado. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 49:51-60.
- , 2004. The Practice of Social Research (Tenth Edition). Wadsworth/Thompson, Belmont, California.
- , , , , , , and , 1998. Distribution of Myxobolus cerebralis in Salmonid Fishes in Montana. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 10:361-371.
- and , 2005. Cattle and Salmon II: Interactions Between Cattle and Spawning Spring Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in a Northeastern Oregon Riparian Ecosystem. Rangeland Ecology and Management 58:274-278.
- , 1977. Environmental Effects of Dams and Impoundments. Annual Review of Ecological Systems 8:255-283.
- , , and , 1999. Survey of Livestock Influences on Stream and Riparian Ecosystems in the Western United States. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 54:419-431.
- , 2004. Formal and Informal Water Markets: Drivers of Sustainable Rural Communities? Water Resources Research 40, W09S07, doi: DOI: 10.1029/2003WR002852 .
- , 1985. Turn-Around Migration and Environmental Conflict in Northern Lower Michigan: The Implications of Social Change for Regional Resource Management. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
- , 1996. Seven Myths of Northwest Water Law and Associated Stories. Environmental Law 26:141-156.
- , , , , and , 2002. Denitrification in the Recharge Area of a Transient Agricultural Nitrate Plume in a Glacial Outwash Sand Aquifer, Minnesota. Water Resources Research 38:1105.
- , 2005. Water Quality Improvement Program Effectiveness for Carbonate Aquifers in Grazed Land Watersheds. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 41:291-300. Direct Link:
- and , 1958. Ranch Ponds in Montana: Their Construction and Management. Bull. Montana Agricultural Experiment Station, Montana State College, Bozeman, Montana, 544, 23 pp.
- , , and , 1981. Streambank Erosion and Ungulate Grazing Relationships. Journal of Range Management 34:339-340.
- and , 2002. Basic Principles and Ecological Consequences of Altered Flow Regimes for Aquatic Biodiversity. Environmental Management 30:492-507.
- , , and , 2003. The Response of River Water Quality to the Development of Irrigated Agriculture in the Last Four Decades in the Yellow River Basin, China. Water Resources Research 39:1047.
- , 1988. Effects of Dewatering on Spawning by Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout in Tributaries of the Yellowstone River, Montana. American Fisheries Society Symposium 4:37-41.
- , 1995. Preserving Stream Flows in Montana Through the Constitutional Public Trust Doctrine: An Underrated Solution. Public Land Law Review 16:117-135.
- , 1977. Compilation of Temperature Preference Data. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board Canada 34:739-745.
- , 1996. Leasing Water Rights for Instream Flow Uses: A Survey of Water Transfer Policy, Practices, and Problems in the Pacific Northwest. Environmental Law 26:225-263.
- , , and , 1987. The Net Economic Value of Fishing in Montana. Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks, Helena, Montana.
- , , and , 1992. Recreation Benefits of Instream Flow – Application to Montana Big Hole and Bitterroot Rivers. Water Resources Research 28:2169-2181.
- , , , and , 2002. Alien Invasions in Aquatic Ecosystems: Toward an Understanding of Brook Trout Invasions and Potential Impacts on Inland Cutthroat Trout in Western North America. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 12:373-391.
- , 1994. Ecological Costs of Livestock Grazing in Western North America. Conservation Biology 8:629-644. Direct Link:
- and , 1990. New Voices, Old Beliefs: Forest Environmentalism Among New and Long-Standing Rural Residents. Rural Sociology 55:214-232. Direct Link:
- and , 1989. Life History, Ecology, and Population Status of Migratory Bull Trout (Salvelinus cunfluentus) in the Flathead Lake and River System, Montana. Northwest Science 63:133-143.
- , , , , and , 2003. Ecological Effects of Ranching: A Six-Point Critique. Bioscience 53:759-765.
- , 2004. How Federal Farm Programs Affect Water Use, Quality, and Allocation Among Sectors. Water Resources Research 40:W12S05.
- and , 2002. Classifying Federal Public Land Grazing Permittees. Journal of Range Management 55:2-11.
- , 1986. The Economic Value of Water. Resources for the Future, Washington, D.C.
- and , 2004. Short-Term Grazing Exclusion Effects on Riparian Small Mammal Communities. Journal of Range Management 57:346-350.
- , , and , 2006. Ranchland Ownership Change in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, 1990-2001: Implications for Conservation. Society and Natural Resources 19:743-758.
- and , 2005. Ranchland Ownership Dynamics in the Rocky Mountain West. Rangeland Ecology and Management 58:191-198.
- , 1974. Newcomers and Oldtimers: Growth and Change in a Mountain Town. Rural Sociology 39:504-513.
- , 2004. A Ranchland Genealogy: Land, Livestock and Community in the Upper Yellowstone Valley, 1866-2004, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.
- and , 2006. Out of Administrative Control: Absentee Owners, Resident Elk, and the Shifting Nature of Wildlife Management in Southwestern Montana. Geoforum 37:816-830.
- and , 2002. Biophysical Factors, Land Use, and Species Viability in and Around Nature Reserves. Conservation Biology 16:1112-1122.
- , , , and , 2000. Spatial Patterns of Primary Productivity in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Landscape Ecology 15:505-522.
- and , 1991. National Estimates of the Recreational Value of Streamflow. Water Resources Research 27:167-175.
- , , , , and , 1998. Stream Biodiversity: The Ghost of Land Use Past. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 95:14843-14847.
- and , 1997. The Effects of Predatory Fish on Amphibian Species Richness and Distribution. Biological Conservation 79:123-131.
- , 1998. Impacts of Trout Culture Effluent on Water Quality and Biotic Communities in Virginia Headwater Streams. The Progressive Fish Culturist 60:247-262.
- , 1898. Some Preliminary Observations Concerning the Artificial Culture of the Grayling. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 27:105-111.
- , , and , 2005. Grazing History Affects Willow Communities in a Montane Riparian Ecosystem. Rangeland Ecology and Management 58:148-154.
- , , and , 1997. Ownership and Management Changes on California’s Hardwood Rangelands, 1985-1992. Journal of Range Management 50:423-430.
- and , 1989. A Survey of Western Water Law in Response to Changing Economic and Public Interest Demands. Natural Resources Journal 29:347-387.
- and , 1984. Livestock Impacts on Riparian Ecosystems and Streamside Management Implications – A Review. Journal of Range Management 37:430-438.
- , , and , 1999. Public Perceptions of Water Transfers and Markets: Describing Differences in Water Use Communities. Society and Natural Resources 12:279-292.
- , , and , 2002. The Economic Value of the Greater Yellowstone’s Blue-Ribbon Fishery. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 22:418-424.
- , 2004. Good to the Last Drop: Conserving the West’s Groundwater Resources. Trout 20-29.
- , , and , 2001. The Introduction of Non-Native Fish Into Wilderness Lakes: Good Intentions, Conflicting Mandates, and Unintended Consequences. Ecosystems 4:275-278.
- and , 2000. Non-Native Fish Introductions and the Decline of the Mountain Yellow-Legged Frog From Within Protected Areas. Conservation Biology 14:428-438.
- , , and , 2003. Response of Vegetation and Breeding Birds to the Removal of Cattle on the San Pedro River, Arizona (USA). Conservation Biology 17:607-615.
- , , , , , and , 1994. Cumulative Effects of Riparian Disturbances Along High Desert Trout Streams of John Day Basin, Oregon. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 123:627-640.
- , , and , 1985. Muddy Water and American Agriculture: How Best to Control Sedimentation From Agricultural Land. Water Resources Research 21:1065-1068.
- , , , , and , 2004. Riparian Vegetation Response to Different Intensities and Seasons of Grazing. Journal of Range Management 57:466-474.
- , , , and , 2000. Influence of Intensive Rotational Grazing on Bank Erosion, Fish Habitat Quality, and Fish Communities in Southwestern Wisconsin Trout Streams. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 55:271-276.
- , , and , 2003. Biodiversity Across a Rural Land Use Gradient. Conservation Biology 17:1425-1434.
- and , 1997. Stream Channel Adjustments Following Elimination of Cattle Grazing. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 33:867-878. Direct Link:
- and , 2002. Historical Trends in Willow Cover Along Streams in a Southwestern Montana Cattle Allotment. Northwest Science 76:213-220.
- , , and , 1987. Streambank Stability and Cattle Grazing in Southwestern Montana. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 42:291-296.
- , 1990. Instream Flow Policy in Montana: A History and Blueprint for the Future. Public Land Law Review 11:81-133.
- and , 1995. Changing the Balance in Western Water Law: A Montana Reservation System. Natural Resources Journal 35:671-693.
- and , 1978. Livestock Grazing and the Aquatic Environment. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 31:274-278.
- , 2005. Irrigation Methods and Transport of Imazamethabenz-Methyl to Ground Water: Greenfields Bench, Montana. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 41:257-265. Direct Link:
- Montana Water Project, 2005. Private Water Leasing - A Montana Approach: A Report on the 10-Year History of a Unique Montana Program. Trout Unlimited, Montana Water Project, Bozeman, Montana.
- Montana Watercourse, 2005. A Guidebook for Montana Ponds. Montana Watercourse, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana.
- , , , and , 2002. Estimating Recreational Trout Fishing Damages in Montana’s Clark Fork River Basin: Summary of a Natural Resource Damage Assessment. Journal of Environmental Management 66:159-170.
- , 2001. Conservation Easements and the Public Good: Preserving the Environment on Private Lands. Natural Resources Journal 41:373-426.
- MT DNR C(Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation), 2004. Water Rights in Montana. Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation, Helena, Montana.
- and , 2003. Channel Changes Over 12 Years on Grazed and Ungrazed Reaches of Wickiup Creek in Eastern Oregon. Physical Geography 24:77-95.
- , , and , 2001. Effect of an Artificial Pond on Migrating Brown Trout Smolts. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 21:498-506.
- , , and , 1992. Influence of Habitat Complexity on Resistance to Flooding and Resilience of Stream Fish Assemblages. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 121:427-436.
- , , , , , , , , , and , 2004. Water Resources: Agricultural and Environmental Issues. BioScience 54:909-918.
- , 1991. Livestock Grazing. In: Influences of Forest and Rangeland Management on Salmonid Fishes and Their Habitats, W. R.Meehan (Editor). American Fisheries Society Publication 19, Bethesda, Maryland, pp. 389-423.
- , 2000. Montana Blue-Ribbon Fly Fishing Guide. Frank Amato Publications, Inc., Portland, Oregon.
- and , 2004. Bioinvasive Species and the Preservation of Cutthroat Trout in the Western United States: Ecological, Social, and Economic Issues. Environmental Science and Policy 7:303-313.
- and , 2000. Metapopulations and Salmonids: A Synthesis of Life History Patterns and Empirical Observations. Ecology of Freshwater Fishes 9:51-64. Direct Link:
- , , and , 1996. Land Use and Landscape Change in the Colorado Mountains I: Theory, Scale, and Pattern. Mountain Research and Development 16:395-405.
- , 1999. Fisheries Habitat – Fish and Grazing Relationships: The Facts and Some Pleas. Fisheries 24:12-21.
- and , 1982. Cattle Grazing Influence on a Mountain Riparian Zone. Journal of Range Management 35:100-103.
- , 1993. Real World Research: A Resource for Social Scientists and Practitioner-Researchers. Blackwell Publishers Inc., Cambridge, Massachussets.
- , , , and , 2000. Legal Control of Water Resources: Cases and Materials. West Group, St. Paul, Minnesota.
- , 2001. The New Ranch Handbook: A Guide to Restoring Western Rangelands. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona.
- , 2005a. Interacting Effects of Landownership, Land Use, and Endangered Species on Conservation of Southwestern U.S. Rangelands. Conservation Biology 19:783-792.
- , 2005b. Viewpoint: The Need for Qualitative Research to Understand Ranch Management. Rangeland Ecology and Management 57:668-674.
- , , , and , 2001. Influence of Instream and Landscape-Level Factors on the Distribution of Topeka Shiners (Notropis Topeka) in Kansas Streams. Copieia 2000:413-421.
- and , 1991. Nongame Wildlife Communities in Grazed and Ungrazed Montane Riparian Sites. Great Basin Naturalist 51:286-292.
- , , and , 2002. A Native Westslope Cutthroat Trout Population Responds Positively After Brook Trout Removal and Habitat Restoration. Intermountain Journal of Sciences 8:191-211.
- and , 2000. Culture Clash Revisited: Newcomer and Longer-Term Residents’ Attitudes Toward Land Use, Development, and Environmental Issues in Rural Communities in the Rocky Mountain West. Rural Sociology 65:396-421. Direct Link:
- , , and , 1998. Estimated Use of Water in the United States in 1995. U.S. Geological Survey Circular, 1200.
- and , 2005. Origin and Transport of Dissolved Chemicals in a Karst Watershed, Southwestern Illinois. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 41:267-290. Direct Link:
- , , and , 2004. New Faces: What Does it Mean for Sustainable Rangeland Management? In: Current Issues in Rangeland Resource Economics, L.A.Torell, N.R.Rimbey, and L.Harris (Editors), Utah Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report 190, College of Agriculture, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, pp. 1-10.
- , 2001. The Future of Prior Appropriation in the New West. Natural Resources Journal 41:769-793.
- , , and , 1996. Land Use and Landscape Change in the Colorado Mountains II: A Case Study of the East River Valley. Mountain Research and Development 16:407-418.
- , 1999. Status of Fisheries and Aquatic Habitats in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Greater Yellowstone Coalition, Bozeman, Montana.
- , and , 2005. Hydrologic Alteration in the Upper Teton Watershed and Its Implications for Cutthroat Trout Restoration. Report to Friends of the Teton River, Driggs, Idaho, 72 pp.
- , 1987. Effects of Stocking Catchable-Sized Hatchery Rainbow Trout on Two Wild Trout Species in the Madison River and O’Dell Creek, Montana. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 7:91-105.
- , 1996. Whirling Disease and Wild Trout: The Montana Experience. Fisheries 21:32-33.
- . 2004. Reversing Introduced Species Effects: Experimental Removal of Introduced Fish Leads to Rapid Recovery of Declining Frog. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 101:7646-7650.
- , , and , 2002. Effects of Watershed Best Management Practices on Habitat and Fish in Wisconsin Streams. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 38:663-680. Direct Link:
- , , and , 2005. Bioeconomic Analysis of Selected Conservation Practices on Soil Erosion and Freshwater Fisheries. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 41:309-322. Direct Link:
- , , , and , 2000. Stream Invertebrate Communities, Water Quality, and Land Use Patterns in an Agricultural Drainage Basin of Northeastern Nebraska, USA. Environmental Management 26:563-576.
- , 1991. In Memoriam: Prior Appropriation, 1848-1991. Environmental Law 21:5-28.
- , 1992. Crossing the Next Meridian: Land, Water, and the Future of the West. Island Press, Washington, D.C.
- , , , , , , , , and , 2005. River Restoration. Water Resources Research, 41, W10301, doi: DOI: 10.1029/2005WR003985 .

1752-1688/asset/bannerforeground.gif?v=1&s=bf00ff8247a6868653da8aff91ea33d86466427e)