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Spectral analysis by XANES reveals that GPNMB influences the chemical composition of intact melanosomes

  1. Tamás Haraszti1,2,
  2. Colleen M. Trantow3,
  3. Adam Hedberg-Buenz3,
  4. Michael Grunze1,4,5,
  5. Michael G. Anderson3,6

Article first published online: 10 NOV 2010

DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-148X.2010.00788.x

Issue

Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research

Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research

Volume 24, Issue 1, pages 187–196, February 2011

Additional Information

How to Cite

Haraszti, T., Trantow, C. M., Hedberg-Buenz, A., Grunze, M. and Anderson, M. G. (2011), Spectral analysis by XANES reveals that GPNMB influences the chemical composition of intact melanosomes. Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research, 24: 187–196. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-148X.2010.00788.x

Author Information

  1. 1

     Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

  2. 2

     Max-Planck Institute for Metals Research, Stuttgart, Germany

  3. 3

     Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA

  4. 4

     Institute for Molecular Biophysics, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA

  5. 5

     Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany

  6. 6

     Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA

*Dr Michael G. Anderson, e-mail: michael-g-anderson@uiowa.edu

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 13 JAN 2011
  2. Article first published online: 10 NOV 2010
  3. Accepted manuscript online: 4 OCT 2010 08:02PM EST
  4. PUBLICATION DATA Received 8 April 2010, revised and accepted for publication 29 September 2010, published online 4 October 2010

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Keywords:

  • genetic mapping;
  • melanin;
  • melanocytes;
  • melanosomes;
  • X-ray absorption near-edge structure analysis spectroscopy

Summary

GPNMB is a unique melanosomal protein. Unlike many melanosomal proteins, GPNMB has not been associated with any forms of albinism, and it is unclear whether GPNMB has any direct influence on melanosomes. Here, melanosomes from congenic strains of C57BL/6J mice mutant for Gpnmb are compared to strain-matched controls using standard transmission electron microscopy and synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near-edge structure analysis (XANES). Whereas electron microscopy did not detect any ultrastructural changes in melanosomes lacking functional GPNMB, XANES uncovered multiple spectral phenotypes. These results directly demonstrate that GPNMB influences the chemical composition of melanosomes and more broadly illustrate the potential for using genetic approaches in combination with nano-imaging technologies to study organelle biology.

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