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GENERAL ARTICLE
A retrospective study of horses investigated for weight loss despite a good appetite (2002–2011)
Article first published online: 4 SEP 2012
DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2012.00624.x
© 2012 EVJ Ltd
Additional Information
How to Cite
Metcalfe, L. V. A., More, S. J., Duggan, V. and Katz, L. M. (2013), A retrospective study of horses investigated for weight loss despite a good appetite (2002–2011). Equine Veterinary Journal, 45: 340–345. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2012.00624.x
Publication History
- Issue published online: 9 APR 2013
- Article first published online: 4 SEP 2012
- Received: 13.12.11; Accepted: 20.06.12
- Abstract
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Keywords:
- horse;
- weight loss;
- risk factors;
- prognostic indicators;
- epidemiological study
Summary
Reasons for performing study: Weight loss despite a good appetite is a frequent diagnostic challenge for equine veterinarians; however, there are few objective reports and little descriptive information regarding risk factors and prognostic indicators.
Objectives: To provide a descriptive epidemiological analysis of horses evaluated for weight loss despite a good appetite and evaluate relationships between historical and clinicopathological findings and final outcome (survival vs. nonsurvival) to identify risk factors and prognostic indicators.
Methods: Medical records of horses referred for investigation of weight loss despite a good appetite were reviewed. Data collated included history, case details, clinical and diagnostic findings, diagnoses and outcome. Univariable associations were evaluated with a Mann–Whitney U test (continuous data), Fisher's exact test (categorical or binary data) or Pearson's rank correlation (continuous data), with P≤0.05 significant.
Results: Forty cases met the inclusion criteria. Total protein (P = 0.004) and albumin concentrations (P = 0.0008) at admission were higher in survivors than nonsurvivors, with total protein (r2= 0.31; P = 0.002) and albumin (r2= 0.36; P = 0.0002) positively correlated with outcome. Hypoproteinaemic (P = 0.008, odds ratio (OR) = 12, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.99–72.4) and hypoalbuminaemic (P = 0.0009, OR = 28, 95% CI = 2.94–266.6) animals were at greater odds for nonsurvival. Body condition score was positively correlated with total protein (r2= 0.16; P = 0.05) and albumin (r2= 0.53; P<0.0001) concentrations at admission and duration of clinical signs (r2= 0.19; P = 0.03).
Conclusions: The severity of hypoproteinaemia and hypoalbuminaemia were related with nonsurvival. Body condition score and albumin concentration could potentially be used as prognostic indicators for survival.
Potential relevance: These findings highlight the importance of body condition assessment in conjunction with clinicopathological evaluation in horses with weight loss despite a good appetite.