Genetic Determinants of Type 1 Diabetes Across Populations

  1. MOHAMED M. JAHROMI1,2,
  2. GEORGE S. EISENBARTH1

Article first published online: 9 NOV 2006

DOI: 10.1196/annals.1375.044

Issue

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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How to Cite

JAHROMI, M. M. and EISENBARTH, G. S. (2006), Genetic Determinants of Type 1 Diabetes Across Populations. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1079: 289–299. doi: 10.1196/annals.1375.044

Author Information

  1. 1

    Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado, Health sciences Center, Aurora, Colorado 80010, USA

  2. 2

    Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain

*Address for correspondence: George S. Eisenbarth, MD, PhD, Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Mail Stop B140, PO Box 6511, Aurora, COl 80010. Voice: 303-724-6847; fax: 303-724-6839.  e-mail: George.Eisenbarth@UCHSC.edu

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 9 NOV 2006
  2. Article first published online: 9 NOV 2006

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Keywords:

  • type 1A diabetes;
  • insulin;
  • PTPN 22;
  • CTLA- 4

Abstract: T1D results from autoimmune-mediated destruction of the pancreatic β cells, a process that is conditioned by multiple genes and environmental factors. The main genetic determinants map to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and in particular DR and DQ, although, genes outside the MHC contribute, including the insulin gene, PTPN22, and CTLA-4. There are remarkable differences in genetic susceptibility to T1D between populations. We believe this variation reflects differing frequencies of diabetes causative and protective alleles and haplotypes, and thus remains a major genetic influence linked to the MHC region not accounted for by DR and DQ alleles. In this article, we discuss global variations in genetic susceptibility to T1D in view of current genetic understanding.

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