Terahertz pulsed spectroscopy and imaging in the pharmaceutical setting - a review

  1. J. Axel Zeitler1,2,3,†,
  2. Philip F. Taday1,3,*,
  3. David A. Newnham3,
  4. Michael Pepper2,3,
  5. Keith C. Gordon4,
  6. Thomas Rades1

Article first published online: 18 FEB 2010

DOI: 10.1211/jpp.59.2.0008

Issue

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Volume 59, Issue 2, pages 209–223, February 2007

Additional Information

How to Cite

Zeitler, J. A., Taday, P. F., Newnham, D. A., Pepper, M., Gordon, K. C. and Rades, T. (2007), Terahertz pulsed spectroscopy and imaging in the pharmaceutical setting - a review. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 59: 209–223. doi: 10.1211/jpp.59.2.0008

Author Information

  1. 1

    School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand

  2. 2

    Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK

  3. 3

    TeraView Limited, Platinum Building, St John's Innovation Park, Cambridge CB4 0WS, UK

  4. 4

    Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand

  1. †

    Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3RA, UK.

*5TeraView Limited, Platinum Building, St John's Innovation Park, Cambridge CB4 0WS, UK. E-mail: philip.taday@teraview.com

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 18 FEB 2010
  2. Article first published online: 18 FEB 2010
  3. Received February 2, 2006, Accepted August 7, 2006

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Abstract

Terahertz pulsed spectroscopy (TPS) and terahertz pulsed imaging (TPI) are two novel techniques for the physical characterization of pharmaceutical drug materials and final solid dosage forms, utilizing spectral information in the far infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. This review focuses on the development and performance of pharmaceutical applications of terahertz technology compared with other tools for physical characterization. TPS can be used to characterize crystalline properties of drugs and excipients. Different polymorphic forms of a drug can be readily distinguished and quantified. Recent developments towards a better understanding of the fundamental theory behind spectroscopy in the far infrared have been discussed. Applications for TPI include the measurement of coating thickness and uniformity in coated pharmaceutical tablets, structural imaging and 3D chemical imaging of solid dosage forms.

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