Original Article

You have full text access to this OnlineOpen article

Obesity and fractures in postmenopausal women

  1. Melissa Orlandin Premaor1,*,
  2. Lesley Pilbrow2,
  3. Carol Tonkin2,
  4. Richard A Parker3,
  5. Juliet Compston1

Article first published online: 14 DEC 2009

DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.091004

Issue

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

Volume 25, Issue 2, pages 292–297, February 2010

Additional Information

How to Cite

Premaor, M. O., Pilbrow, L., Tonkin, C., Parker, R. A. and Compston, J. (2010), Obesity and fractures in postmenopausal women. J Bone Miner Res, 25: 292–297. doi: 10.1359/jbmr.091004

Author Information

  1. 1

    Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

  2. 2

    Metabolic Bone Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom

  3. 3

    Centre for Applied Medical Statistics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

*Bone Research Group, Box 157, Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2000, United Kingdom.

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 19 FEB 2010
  2. Article first published online: 14 DEC 2009
  3. Manuscript Accepted: 9 OCT 2009
  4. Manuscript Revised: 21 SEP 2009
  5. Manuscript Received: 17 JUN 2009

SEARCH

SEARCH BY CITATION

ARTICLE TOOLS

View Full Article (HTML) Get PDF (103K)

References

  • 1
    Marshall D, Johnell O, Wedel H. Meta-analysis of how well measures of bone mineral density predict occurrence of osteoporotic fractures. BMJ. 1996; 312: 1254–1259.
  • 2
    Kaptoge S, Benevolenskaya LI, Bhalla AK, et al. Low BMD is less predictive than reported falls for future limb fractures in women across Europe: results from the European Prospective Osteoporosis Study. Bone. 2005; 36: 387–298.
  • 3
    Kanis JA. Diagnosis of osteoporosis and assessment of fracture risk. Lancet. 2002; 359: 1929–1936 .
  • 4
    Kanis JA, McCloskey EV, Johansson H, Strom O, Borgstrom F, Oden A. National Osteoporosis Guideline Group: case finding for the management of osteoporosis with FRAX-assessment and intervention thresholds for the UK. Osteoporos Int. 2008; 19: 1395–1408.
  • 5
    DeLaet C, Kanis JA, Oden A, et al. Body mass index as a predictor of fracture risk: a meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int. 2005; 16: 1330–1338.
  • 6
    Siris ES, Miller PD, Barrett-Connor E, et al. Identification and fracture outcomes of undiagnosed low bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: results from the National Osteoporosis Risk Assessment. JAMA. 2001; 286: 2815–2822.
  • 7
    Schuit SCE, van der Klift M, Weel AEAM, et al. Fracture incidence and association with bone mineral density in elderly men and women: the Rotterdam Study. Bone. 2004; 34: 195–202.
  • 8
    Wainwright SA, Marshall LM, Ensrud KE, Cauley JA, Black DM. Hip fracture in women without osteoporosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 90: 2787–2893.
  • 9
    Sornay-Rendu E, Munoz F, Garnero P, DuBoeuf F, Delmas PD. Identification of osteopenic women at high risk of fracture: the OFELY Study. J Bone Miner Res 2005; 20: 1813–1819.
  • 10
    Pascoe JA, Seeman E, Henry MJ, Merriman EN, Nicholson GC, Kotowicz MA. The population burden of fractures originates in women with osteopenia, not osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int, 2006; 17: 1404–1409.
  • 11
    National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Final Appraisal Determination: Alendronate, Etidronate, Risedronate, Raloxifene, Strontium Ranelate and Teriparatide for the Secondary Prevention of Osteoporotic Fragility Fractures in Postmenopausal Women. London, NICE. 2008.
  • 12
    World Health Organization Study Group. Assessment of fracture risk and its application to screening for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Technical Report Series 1994; 843.
  • 13
    Canoy D, Boekholdt SM, Wareham N, et al. Body fat distribution and risk of coronary heart disease in men and women in the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition in Norfolk cohort: a population-based prospective study. Circulation. 2007; 116: 2933–2943.
  • 14
    Department of Health. Forecasting Obesity to 2010. London: Joint Health Surveys Unit, National Centre for Social Research and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health at the Royal Free and University College Medical School; 2006.
  • 15
    Tothill P, Laskey MA, Orphanidou CI, van Wijk M. Anomalies in dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements of total body bone mineral during weight change using Lunar, Hologic, and Norland instruments. Br J Radiol. 1999; 72: 661–669.
  • 16
    Evans EM, Mojtahedi MC, Kessinger RB, Misic MM. Simulated change in body fatness affects Hologic QDR 4500A whole body and central DXA bone measures. J Clin Densitometry. 2006; 9: 315–322.
  • 17
    O'Gradaigh D, Debiram I, Love S, Richards HK, Compston JE. A prospective study of discordance in diagnosis of osteoporosis using spine and proximal femur bone densitometry. Osteoporos Int. 2003; 14: 13–18.
  • 18
    Kanis JA, Johnell O, Oden A, et al. The use of multiple sites for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int. 2006; 17: 527–534.
  • 19
    Reid IR, Evans MC, Ames R, Wattie DJ. The influence of osteophytes and aortic calcification on spinal mineral density in postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1991; 72: 1372–1374.
  • 20
    Seeman E, Melton LJ III, O'Fallon WM, Riggs BL. Risk factors for spinal osteoporosis in men. Am J Med. 1983; 75: 977–983.
  • 21
    Albala C, Yáñez M, Devoto E, Sostin C, Zeballos L, Santos JL. Obesity as a protective factor for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Int J Obs Relat Metab Disord. 1996; 20: 1027–1032.
  • 22
    Pesonen J, Sirola J, Tuppurainen M, et al. High bone mineral density among perimenopausal women. Osteoporos Int. 2005; 16: 1899–1906 .
  • 23
    Henry MJ, Pasco JA, Sanders KM, Nicholson GC, Kotowicz MA. Fracture risk (FRISK) score: Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Radiology. 2006; 241: 190–196.
  • 24
    Arden NK, Crozier S, Smith H, et al. Knee pain, knee osteoarthritis and the risk of fracture. Arthritis Rheum. 2006; 55: 610–615.
  • 25
    Poole KE, Compston JE. Osteoporosis and its management. BMJ. 2006; 333: 1251–1256.
  • 26
    Trivedi DP, Doll R, Khaw KT. Effect of four monthly oral vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) supplementation on fractures and mortality in men and women living in the community: randomized double blind controlled trial. BMJ. 2003; 326: 469.
  • 27
    Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL, et al. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women's Health Initiative Randomised Controlled Trial. JAMA. 2002; 288: 321–333.
  • 28
    Kanis JA, Johnell O, Black DM, et al. Effect of raloxifene on the risk of new vertebral fracture in postmenopausal women with osteopenia or osteoporosis: a reanalysis of the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation Trial. Bone. 2003; 33: 293–300.
  • 29
    Marcus R, Wang O, Satterwhite J, Mitlak B. The skeletal response to teriparatide is largely independent of age, initial bone mineral density and prevalent vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res. 2003; 18: 18–23.
  • 30
    Watts NB, Josse RG, Hamdy RC, et al. Risedronate prevents new vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women at high risk. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003; 88: 542–549.
  • 31
    McCloskey EV, Johannsson H, Oden A, et al. Ten-year fracture probability identifies women who will benefit from clodronate therapy: additional results from a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised study. Osteoporos Int. 2009; 20: 811–817.
  • 32
    Cooper C, Atkinson EJ, O'Fallon WM, Melton LJ. The incidence of clinically diagnosed vertebral fractures: a population based study in Rochester, Minnesota, 1985–1989. J Bone Miner Res 1992; 7: 221–227.
  • 33
    van Staa TP, Dennison EM, Leufkens HG, Cooper C. Epidemiology of fractures in England and Wales. Bone. 2001; 29: 517–522.
  • 34
    World Health Organization. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO Consultation. WHO Tech Rep Ser. 2000; 894.
  • 35
    Zaninotto P, Head J, Stamatakis E, Wardle H, Mindell J. Trends in obesity among adults in England between 1993 and 2004 by age and social class and projections of prevalence to 2012. J Epidemiol Commun Health. 2009; 63: 140–146.
  • 36
    Janghorbani M, Feskanich D, Willett WC, Hu F. Prospective study of diabetes mellitus and risk of hip fracture: the Nurses' Health Study. Diabetes Care. 2006; 29: 1573–1578.
  • 37
    Kelsey JL, Browner WS, Seeley DG, Nevitt MC, Cummings SR. Risk factors for fractures of the distal forearm and proximal humerus: the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. Am J Epidemiol. 1992; 135: 477–489.
  • 38
    Melton LJ III, Achenbach SJ, O'Fallon WM, Khosla S. Secondary osteoporosis and the risk of distal forearm fractures in men and women. Bone. 2002; 31: 119–125.
  • 39
    Vogt MT, Cauley JA, Tomaino MM, Stone K, Williams JR, Herndon JH. Distal radius fractures in older women: a 10-year follow-up study of descriptive characteristics and risk factors. The Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002; 50: 97–103.
  • 40
    Janghorbani M, Van Dam RM, Willett WC, Hu FB. Systematic review of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk of fracture. Am J Epidemiol. 2007; 166: 495–505.
  • 41
    Green E, Lubahn JD, Evans J. Risk factors, treatment, and outcomes associated with nonunion of the midshaft humerus fracture. J Surg Orthop Adv. 2005; 14: 64–72.
  • 42
    King AR, Moran SL, Steinmann SP. Humeral nonunion. Hand Clin. 2007; 23: 449–456.
  • 43
    Kanis JA on behalf of the World Health Organization Scientific Group. Assessment of osteoporosis at the primary health-care level. Technical report. WHO Collaborating Centre, University of Sheffield, UK; 2008.
  • 44
    Kanis JA, Burlet N, Cooper C, et al. European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int. 2008; 19: 399–348.
  • 45
    National Osteoporosis Foundation. Clinician's guide to prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. 2008.
  • 46
    Compston J, Cooper A, Cooper C, et al. on behalf of the National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG). Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men from the age of 50 years in the UK. Maturitas. 2009; 62: 105–108.
View Full Article (HTML) Get PDF (103K)