Perspective

You have full text access to this OnlineOpen article

Bone Matters: Are Density Increases Necessary to Reduce Fracture Risk?

  1. Kenneth G. Faulkner*

Article first published online: 18 FEB 2010

DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.2000.15.2.183

Issue

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

Volume 15, Issue 2, pages 183–187, February 2000

Additional Information

How to Cite

Faulkner, K. G. (2000), Bone Matters: Are Density Increases Necessary to Reduce Fracture Risk?. J Bone Miner Res, 15: 183–187. doi: 10.1359/jbmr.2000.15.2.183

Author Information

  1. Synarc and Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A.

*Synarc 8338 NE Alderwood Road, Suite 140 Portland, OR 97220 U.S.A.

Publication History

  1. Issue published online: 18 FEB 2010
  2. Article first published online: 18 FEB 2010

SEARCH

SEARCH BY CITATION

ARTICLE TOOLS

View Full Article (HTML) Get PDF (56K)

References

  • 1
    Curry JD 1986 Power law models for the mechanical properties of cancellous bone. Engineering in Medicine 15(3):153–154.
  • 2
    Carter DR, Hayes WC 1977 The compressive behavior of bone as a two-phase porous structure. J Bone Joint Surg 59-A(7):954–962.
  • 3
    Turner CH 1989 Yield behavior of cancellous bone. J Biomech Eng 111:1–5.
  • 4
    Hui SL, Siemenda CW, Johnston CC 1989 Baseline measurement of bone mass predicts fracture in white women. Annals of Internal Medicine 111:355–361.
  • 5
    Cummings SR, Black DM, Nevitt MC, Browner W, Cauley J, Ensrud KE, Genant HK, Palermo L, Scott J, Vogt TM 1993 Bone density at various sites for prediction of hip fractures. Lancet 341:72–75.
  • 6
    Melton JL, Atkinson EJ, O'Fallon WM, Wahner HW, Riggs BL 1993 Long-term fracture prediction by bone mineral assessed at different skeletal sites. J Bone Miner Res 8(10):1227–1233.
  • 7
    Marshall D, Johnell O, Wedel H 1996 Meta-analysis of how well measures of bone mineral density predict occurrence of osteoporotic fractures. BMJ 312(7041):1254–1259.
  • 8
    Cummings SR, Nevitt MC, Browner WS, Stone K, Fox KM, Ensrud KE, Cauley J, Black DM, Vogt TM 1995 Risk factors for hip fracture in white women. N Engl J Med 332:767–773.
  • 9
    Eastell R 1998 Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 338:736–746.
  • 10
    Meunier PJ 1999 Evidence-based medicine and osteoporosis: A comparison of fracture risk reduction data from osteoporosis randomised clinical trials. International Journal of Clinical Practice 53(2):122–129.
  • 11
    Chapuy MC, Ariot ME, Duboeuf F, Brun J, Crouzet B, Arnaud S, Delmas PD, Meunier PJ 1992 Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in the elderly women. N Engl J Med 327(23):1637–1642.
  • 12
    Lufkin EG, Wahner HW, O'Fallon WM, Hodgson SF, Kotowicz MA, Lane AW, Judd HL, Caplan RH, Riggs BL 1992 Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with transdermal estrogen. Ann Intern Med 117(1):1–9.
  • 13
    Cummings SR, Black DM, Thompson DE, Applegate WB, Barrett-Connor E, Musliner TA, Palermo L, Prineas R, Rubin SM, Scott JC, Vogt T, Wallace R, Yates AJ, LaCroix AZ, |for the |Fracture Intervention Trial Research Group 1998 JAMA 280:2077–2082.
  • 14
    Black DM, Cummings SR, Karpf DB, Cauley JA, Thompson DE, Nevitt MC, Bauer DC, Genant HK, Haskell WL, Marcus R, Ott SM, Torner JC, Quandt SA, Reiss TF, Ensrud KE 1996 Randomised trial of effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures. Fracture Intervention Trial Research Group. Lancet 348(9041):1535–1541.
  • 15
    Eastell R, Minne H, Sorensen O, Hooper M, Ritter-Hrncrick C, Pack S, Roumagnac I, Ethgen D, Reginster JY for the Multinational Risedronate Osteoporosis Study Group 1999 Risedronate reduces fracture risk in women with established postmenopausal osteoporosis. 26th European Symposium on Calcified Tissues, Maastricht, The Netherlands, 7-11 May 1999, abstract 0-25
  • 16
    Watts N, Hangartner T, Chestnut C, Genant H, Miller PD, Eriksen E, Chines A, Axelrod D, McKeever C for the North American Risedronate Osteoporosis Study Group 1999 Risedronate treatment prevents vertebral and non-vertebral fractures in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. 26th European Symposium on Calcified Tissues, Maastricht, The Netherlands, 7-11 May 1999, abstract 0-24
  • 17
    Ettinger B, Black DM, Mitiak BH, Knickerbocker RK, Nickelsen T, Genant HK, Christiansen C, Delmas PD, Zanchetta JR, Stakkestad J, Glüer CC, Krueger K, Cohen FJ, Eckert S, Ensrud KE, Avioli LV, Lips P, Cummings SR 1999 Reduction of vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with raloxifene. JAMA 282:637–645.
  • 18
    Silverman SL, Moniz C, Andriano K, Blick J, Chesnut C, Doyle D, Harris S, Genant HK, Giona A, Mariic MJ, Miller P, Watts N, Baylink D for the PROOF Study Group 1999 Salmon calcitonin nasal spray prevents vertebral fractures in established osteoporosis. Final world wide results of the “PROOF” trial. 26th European Symposium on Calcified Tissues, Maastricht, The Netherlands, 7-11 May 1999, abstract 0-26
  • 19
    Chavassieux PM, Ariot ME, Reda C, Wei L, Yates AJ, Meunier PJ 1997 Histomorphometric assessment of the long-term effects of alendronate on bone quality and remodeling in patients with osteoporosis. J Clin Invest 100(6):1475–1480.
  • 20
    Thamsborg G, Jensen JE, Kollerup G, Hauge EM, Melsen F, Sorensen OH 1996 Effect of nasal salmon calcitonin on bone remodeling and bone mass in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Bone 18(2):207–212.
  • 21
    Sato M, McClintock C, Kim J, Turner CH, Bryant HU, Magee D, Siemenda CW 1994 Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry of raloxifene effects on the lumbar vertebrae and femora of ovariectomized rats. J Bone Miner Res 9(5):715–724.
  • 22
    Bonnick SL 1998 Bone Densitometry in Clinical Practice: Application and Interpretation. Humana Press, Totowa, New Jersey
  • 23
    Peel NF, Eastell R 1995 Comparison of rates of bone loss from the spine measured using two manufacturers' densitometers. J Bone Miner Res 10(11):1796–1801.
  • 24
    WHO Study Group 1994 Assessment of Fracture Risk and Its Application to Screening for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. WHO Technical Report Series 843, Geneva, Switzerland
  • 25
    Genant HK, Grampp S, Glüer CC, Faulkner KG, Jergas M, Engelke K, Hagiwara S, Van Kuijk C 1994 Universal standardization for dual x-ray absorptiometry: patient and phantom cross-calibration results. J Bone Miner Res 9(10):1503–1514.
  • 26
    Faulkner KG, Roberts LA, McClung MR 1996 Discrepancies in normative data between Lunar and Hologic DXA systems. Osteoporosis Int 6(6):432–436.
View Full Article (HTML) Get PDF (56K)