European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology

The palladium catalyzed alpha-arylation of saturated fatty acid tert-butyl esters leads to diesters in good yields.

Chemical structure of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (1); caffeic acid (2); protocatechuic acid (3); gentisic acid (4); vanillic acid (5); ferulic acid (6).

Fatty acid analysis is conventionally performed by gas–liquid chromatography (GLC) as their fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) derivatives. We developed a method suitable for quantitative analysis of fatty acids in fats and oils by robotic preparation and online GLC analysis of FAME using methanolic potassium hydroxide as transmethylation reagent. The method has been validated on different fats and oils and results obtained show that transmethylation and GLC analysis of fats and oils can be robotized while remaining accurate.

The effects of triacylglycerol polymer on macrophages.

The new olive Sikitita planted in Narrow Hedgerows System (NHS): a new concept of olive orchards characterized by minimum labor requirements, continuous mechanical harvesting, early bearing, high yield, and olive oil quality.

Alkyl 11-anilino-10-hydroxy undecanoates were synthesized by varying alkyl chain length from C₁ to C₈ and studied for their antioxidant activity on lubricant base stock namely, epoxy karanja fatty acid 2-ethylhexyl esters.

A simple, highly selective and low-cost two-stage combinative inclusion process for obtaining ALA concentrate from silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) pupae oil was established. In the first stage, when the volume ratio of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-saturated solution to free fatty acids ethanol solution was 9 v/v, the dispersion temperature and time were 60°C and 1.5 h, the freezing temperature and time were −10°C and 15 h, and the purity of ALA was raised from 15.0 to 47.6 % with a recovery of 39.4%. Then, the purity of ALA was further increased to 67.4% in the second-stage operation with a corresponding recovery of 34.8% using urea complexation.

Alpha-tocopherol was encapsulated with native, acetylated or cross-linked inulin (two degrees each) by spray-drying.

Inhibitory effects of phosphatidylserine (PS) on MMP-1 expression levels in UVB-induced HDF. (a) 80% confluent HDFs were treated with different concentrations of PS and irradiated with UVB (60 mJ/cm²). After 24 h incubaton, cell lysates were collected and subjected to SDS–PAGE and Western blots. β-Actin were used as an internal control. (b) The intensities of MMP-1 bands were quantified by densitometry and expressed as relative MMP-1 expression ratio compared to UVB-irradiated HDF cells without PS treatment.

¹H NMR spectra of frying oil.

Time course changes in 3-MCPD esters from diolein test oils that initially contained zero (A), 60 mg/kg (B), or 120 mg/kg (C) of GE as an MCPD equivalent, during heating tests at 240°C without chloride (circle), or with 10 mg/kg (triangle), 30 mg/kg (square), and 50 mg/kg (diamond) of chloride. Data are described as the mean value of the differences in the duplicated experiments. Data under the limit of quantification (LOQ) were plotted on the LOQ (0.2 mg/kg). The levels of 3-MCPD ester were strongly influenced by both chloride and initial GE content.

The viability of HL-60 cells treated with elaidic, vaccenic, linoleic, palmitoleic, stearic, or oleic acid in complex with bovine α-lactalbumin and below flow cytometry analysis of phosphatidyl serine exposure and membrane permeability using Annexin V-PE and 7AAD. A–C: Jurkat cells treated with increasing concentrations of an α-lactalbumin linoleic acid complex.

Fully biobased polyacid was synthesized by thiol-ene coupling reaction between soybean oil and thioglycolic acid. Synthesized polyacid was formulated with BADGE to yield partially biobased epoxy resins. Reactivity of synthesized polyacid is far higher than other acids due to sulfur presence in vicinity. Thermal properties of obtained materials showed that synthesized polyacid lead to coating material with T_g values around −12°C.

Mango seed kernel extracts and constituents protect biodiesel against oxidation.

Iso-oleic acid is a mixture of C₁₈-unsaturated branched-chain fatty acid isomers with a methyl group on various positions of the alkyl chain, which is the product of the skeletal isomerization reaction of oleic acid. It was found to have excellent cold flow and lubricity properties, showing excellent potential in replacing petroleum-based lubricants.

Flow diagram of the process used for producing different phospholipidic-products to analyze their emulsifier and antioxidant properties.

A kinetic model for esterification of FFA present in jatropha oil has been developed, and the rate constants and equilibrium constant have been evaluated. The experimental results showed that the highest conversion has been obtained with 60:1 methanol–FFA mole ratio and 5% sulphuric acid at 60°C.

Typical HPLC-Florescence chromatograms: (a) eight tocol standard mixture, (b) tocols from Atfi, in the order of retention time, (α-T) α-tocopherol, (α-T3) α-tocotrienol, (β-T) β-tocopherol, (γ-T) γ-tocopherol, (β-T3) β-tocotrienol, (γ-T3) γ-tocotrienol, (δ-T) δ-tocopherol, (δ-T3) δ-tocotrienol.

Using NaOH to catalyze the glycerolysis of TAG and glycerol in tert-butanol solvent medium, over 80% MAG yield with 97% TAG conversion was obtained within short reaction times even at temperature of 35–55°C. Interestingly, the NaOH-catalyzed glycerolysis reaction was faster than the Novozym 435-catalyzed, in spite of the similar MAG yield and TAG conversion that obtained from both chemical and enzymatic glycerolysis reactions.

Development and structural characterization of an in vitro digestion model based on virgin olive oil microemulsions: enzymatic hydrolysis in the small intestine.

The geographic area appears to play a more significant role for the qualitative characteristics and the sensory attributes of Arbequina olive oil. The influence of the growing area conditions on the oxidative stability of the oils was greater for Arbequina, Arbequina olive showed a high tolerance against variation in climate and plantation zone and produce an oil similar to Chemlali cv.

NIRS procedure for predicting fatty acid composition in ruminant milk.

Natural zeolite was modified by four different techniques to enhance its ability as frying oil adsorbent material. Tween80 modified zeolite was found the most effective one. The potential of zeolite surface modification for this purpose has proved.

The UPLC-TOF-MS methodology developed in this study is valid for extracting and analysing phenolic acids from virgin olive oil. The phenolic acid content of the virgin olive oils sampled was proven to be influenced by the type of cultivar and olive harvest date. Sensory properties of VOO may be differently affected by its phenolic acid content depending on the type of cultivar.

The influence of the UV irradiation on sensory profile of virgin rapeseed oil.