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A highly ordered and hierarchicalstructural nanopore array is fabricated via anodizing a pre-patterned aluminum foil under an optimized voltage. A pre-patterned hexagonal nanoindentation array on an aluminum substrate is prepared via the nanosphere lithography method. This pattern leads to an elaborate nanochannel structure with seven nanopores in each nanoindentation after anodization treatment. The structure achieved in our study is new, interesting, and likely to be applied in photonic devices.

HCoO₂ powder is successfully exfoliated in water to yield solution-processable aqueous dispersions of [CoO₂]⁻ nanosheets, which are reassembled into self-supporting thin films. Ion exchange with lithium generates Li_1-x H_x CoO₂ thin films that can be used as reversible cathodes with excellent cyclability and discharge capacities approaching that of low-temperature-prepared LiCoO₂.

The concept of a long-term sensor for ion changes in the lysosome is presented. The sensor is made by layer-by-layer assembly of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes around ion-sensitive fluorophores, in this case for protons. The sensor is spontaneously incorporated by cells and resides over days in the lysosome. Intracellular changes of the concentration of protons upon cellular stimulation with pH-active agents are monitored by read-out of the sensor fluorescence at real time. With help of this sensor concept it is demonstrated that the different agents used possess different kinetics and mechanisms of action in affecting the intracellular pH values.