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Approaches to Synthesis: Watersheds as Dynamic, Cascading, Hierarchical, Nonlinear Space-Time Filters

Water Resources Research, vol. 47, no. 10, 2011

Guest Editor(s):M. Sivapalan

Approaches to Synthesis: Watersheds as Dynamic, Cascading, Hierarchical, Nonlinear Space-Time Filters.

  1. Regular Article

    1. Top of page
    2. Regular Article
    3. Regular Articles
    1. Dissolved nutrient retention dynamics in river networks: A modeling investigation of transient flows and scale effects

      Sheng Ye, Timothy P. Covino, Murugesu Sivapalan, Nandita B. Basu, Hong-Yi Li and Shao-Wen Wang

      Article first published online: 30 JUN 2012 | DOI: 10.1029/2011WR010508

      Key Points

      • Coupled model of hydrological and biogeochemical processes in a river network
      • The model explicitly handles the effects of transient flows in nutrient removal
      • It shows that nutrient removals during flood events is significant
    2. Intra-annual rainfall variability control on interannual variability of catchment water balance: A stochastic analysis

      S. Zanardo, C. J. Harman, P. A. Troch, P. S. C. Rao and M. Sivapalan

      Article first published online: 18 JAN 2012 | DOI: 10.1029/2010WR009869

      Key Points

      • This work analyzes the inter-annual variability of catchment water balance
      • We derive an analytical distribution of the annual Budyko index
      • The model is tested over 424 catchments across the United States
    3. Hydrologic and biogeochemical functioning of intensively managed catchments: A synthesis of top-down analyses

      Nandita B. Basu, Sally E. Thompson and P. Suresh C. Rao

      Article first published online: 28 OCT 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2011WR010800

      Key Points

      • Human modifications of catchments enhances response predictability
      • Regime shift of nitrate from episodic in pristine to chemostatic in managed
      • Analytical expressions derived for pdfs of solute delivery ratio
      Corrected by:

      Correction: Correction to “Hydrologic and biogeochemical functioning of intensively managed catchments: A synthesis of top-down analyses”

      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Article first published online: 14 SEP 2012

    4. Temporal inequality in catchment discharge and solute export

      James W. Jawitz and Jennifer Mitchell

      Article first published online: 7 OCT 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2010WR010197

      Key Points

      • A framework is developed to characterize temporal inequality of flow and load
      • A synthesis of flow data from 22 rivers in Florida are used
      • Flow variability is a strong surrogate for load variability
    5. Water cycle dynamics in a changing environment: Improving predictability through synthesis

      M. Sivapalan, S. E. Thompson, C. J. Harman, N. B. Basu and P. Kumar

      Article first published online: 5 OCT 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2011WR011377

      Key Points

      • There is much to learn from comparative hydrology
      • We need a synthesis of Newtonian and Darwinian approaches to science
      • Hydrologic change predictions require a broadening of hydrology
    6. Climate, soil, and vegetation controls on the temporal variability of vadose zone transport

      C. J. Harman, P. S. C. Rao, N. B. Basu, G. S. McGrath, P. Kumar and M. Sivapalan

      Article first published online: 30 SEP 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2010WR010194

      Key Points

      • A model based on the piston displacement can predict travel time of point loads
      • This model can be formulated to yeild semi-analytical PDFs of travel time
      • The results reveal the soil, veg, and climate controls on travel time, delivery
    7. Groundwater controls on vegetation composition and patterning in mountain meadows

      Christopher S. Lowry, Steven P. Loheide II, Courtney E. Moore and Jessica D. Lundquist

      Article first published online: 24 SEP 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2010WR010086

      Key Points

      • Meadow vegetation is controlled by cascading hydrologic processes
    8. Quantifying the relative contribution of the climate and direct human impacts on mean annual streamflow in the contiguous United States

      Dingbao Wang and Mohamad Hejazi

      Article first published online: 24 SEP 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2010WR010283

      Key Points

      • Separating climate and direct human impacts on mean annual streamflow changes
      • Climate change increases streamflow and human impact is spatially heterogeneous
      • Assuming MOPEX watersheds to be unaffected by human activities is not realistic
    9. Separation of river network–scale nitrogen removal among the main channel and two transient storage compartments

      Robert J. Stewart, Wilfred M. Wollheim, Michael N. Gooseff, Martin A. Briggs, Jennifer M. Jacobs, Bruce J. Peterson and Charles S. Hopkinson

      Article first published online: 30 AUG 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2010WR009896

      Key Points

      • The MC contributes the most to network DIN removal followed by HTS, then STS
      • Most runoff enters the HTS at least once before exiting the river system
      • Homogenous networks provide similar total DIN removal as heterogeneous networks
    10. Quantifying the role of climate and landscape characteristics on hydrologic partitioning and vegetation response

      Hal Voepel, Benjamin Ruddell, Rina Schumer, Peter A. Troch, Paul D. Brooks, Andrew Neal, Matej Durcik and Murugesu Sivapalan

      Article first published online: 10 AUG 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2010WR009944

      Key Points

      • Fraction of soil moisure used by plants is a function of climate and landscape
      • Greenness is predicted more precisely by Horton Index than PET or aridity
      • Landscape does not affect V or W, but does affect their ratio
    11. Quantifying regional scale ecosystem response to changes in precipitation: Not all rain is created equal

      Paul D. Brooks, Peter A. Troch, Matej Durcik, Erika Gallo and Melissa Schlegel

      Article first published online: 20 JUL 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2010WR009762

      Key Points

      • A simple model of catchment water balance is related to vegetation response
      • Catchment hydrologic partitioning can identify energy vs water limited systems
      • Catchment hydrologic partitioning reflects vegetation response to drought
    12. Spatiotemporal averaging of in-stream solute removal dynamics

      Nandita B. Basu, P. Suresh C. Rao, Sally E. Thompson, Natalia V. Loukinova, Simon D. Donner, Sheng Ye and Murugesu Sivapalan

      Article first published online: 15 JUL 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2010WR010196

      Key Points

      • The k-h dependence arises as an emergent pattern of a mechanistic model
      • Spatiotemporal averaging does not alter the k-h relationship in wet domains
      • The pdf of k could be adequately predicted using analytical approaches
    13. Comparative hydrology across AmeriFlux sites: The variable roles of climate, vegetation, and groundwater

      S. E. Thompson, C. J. Harman, A. G. Konings, M. Sivapalan, A. Neal and P. A. Troch

      Article first published online: 15 JUL 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2010WR009797

    14. Relative dominance of hydrologic versus biogeochemical factors on solute export across impact gradients

      S. E. Thompson, N. B. Basu, J. Lascurain Jr., A. Aubeneau and P. S. C. Rao

      Article first published online: 1 JUL 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2010WR009605

      Key Points

      • Chemostatic responses are more common as exogenous inputs to catchments increase
      • Chemostatic responses are consistent with the formation of a legacy store
      • Simple models can predict these dynamics
      Corrected by:

      Correction: Correction to “Relative dominance of hydrologic versus biogeochemical factors on solute export across impact gradients”

      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Article first published online: 14 SEP 2012

    15. A watershed-scale assessment of a process soil CO2 production and efflux model

      Diego A. Riveros-Iregui, Brian L. McGlynn, Lucy A. Marshall, Daniel L. Welsch, Ryan E. Emanuel and Howard E. Epstein

      Article first published online: 28 MAY 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2010WR009941

      Key Points

      • Biogeochemical processes vary laterally within small mountainous watersheds
      • We modeled biogeochemical processes including variable soil water content
      • We corroborated model performance based on extensive field observations
    16. Spatial scale dependence of ecohydrologically mediated water balance partitioning: A synthesis framework for catchment ecohydrology

      Sally E. Thompson, Ciaran J. Harman, Peter A. Troch, Paul D. Brooks and Murugesu Sivapalan

      Article first published online: 11 MAY 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2010WR009998

      Key Points

      • Vegetation is both a driver and a response to water availability
      • Lateral fluxes of water cause spatial scale dependence in water and vegetation
      • Topography, climate, vegetation, and the flow network modify the scaling
    17. Spatiotemporal scaling of hydrological and agrochemical export dynamics in a tile-drained Midwestern watershed

      K. Guan, S. E. Thompson, C. J. Harman, N. B. Basu, P. S. C. Rao, M. Sivapalan, A. I. Packman and P. K. Kalita

      Article first published online: 11 MAY 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2010WR009997

      Key Points

      • Discharge scaling regimes arise from pipe flow, the water table, and the stream
      • Concentration scaling regimes mirror the flow but include sorptive effects
      • At long time scales flow variability dominates variability in load
    18. Functional model of water balance variability at the catchment scale: 2. Elasticity of fast and slow runoff components to precipitation change in the continental United States

      C. J. Harman, P. A. Troch and M. Sivapalan

      Article first published online: 16 FEB 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2010WR009656

    19. Functional model of water balance variability at the catchment scale: 1. Evidence of hydrologic similarity and space-time symmetry

      Murugesu Sivapalan, Mary A. Yaeger, Ciaran J. Harman, Xiangyu Xu and Peter A. Troch

      Article first published online: 16 FEB 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2010WR009568

  2. Regular Articles

    1. Top of page
    2. Regular Article
    3. Regular Articles
    1. Assessing interannual variability of evapotranspiration at the catchment scale using satellite-based evapotranspiration data sets

      Lei Cheng, Zongxue Xu, Dingbao Wang and Ximing Cai

      Article first published online: 10 SEP 2011 | DOI: 10.1029/2011WR010636

      Key Points

      • Interannual PET/P versus ET/P can be captured by a linear relationship
      • The linear relation is better than the Budyko curve at an annual time scale
      • Soil water, vegetation, and human impact contribute to the linear relationship

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