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<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"><channel rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/rss/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1522-2640" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Chemie Ingenieur Technik</title><description> Wiley Online Library : Chemie Ingenieur Technik</description><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2F%28ISSN%291522-2640</link><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc</dc:publisher><dc:language xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">en</dc:language><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Copyright © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim</dc:rights><prism:issn xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">0009-286X</prism:issn><prism:eIssn xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">1522-2640</prism:eIssn><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-05-01T00:00:00-05:00</dc:date><prism:coverDisplayDate xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">May, 2013</prism:coverDisplayDate><prism:volume xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">85</prism:volume><prism:number xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">5</prism:number><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">569</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">767</prism:endingPage><image rdf:resource="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.v85.5/asset/cover.gif?v=1&amp;s=0bbdb304baf7a4075eb66cdbdb7be263ee9b27c2"/><items><rdf:Seq><rdf:li 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rdf:resource="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200037"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200035"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200119"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200067"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200116"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390043"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390044"/><rdf:li rdf:resource="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390045"/></rdf:Seq></items></channel><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200212" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Einsatz eines Blasensäulenreaktors zur MethansyntheseApplication of a Slurry Bubble Column Reactor for the Production of Substitute Natural Gas</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200212</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Einsatz eines Blasensäulenreaktors zur MethansyntheseApplication of a Slurry Bubble Column Reactor for the Production of Substitute Natural Gas</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Manuel Götz, Siegfried Bajohr, Frank Graf, Rainer Reimert, Thomas Kolb</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-05-17T06:10:39.952079-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200212</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200212</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200212</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Wissenschaftliche Kurzmitteilung</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Bei der Methanisierung ist eine effektive Abfuhr der Reaktionswärme eine zentrale Herausforderung. Die Dreiphasen-Methanisierung ist unter diesem Aspekt durch einfach zu gestaltende Energieabfuhr und Temperaturregelung vorteilhaft und erlaubt eine isotherme Fahrweise. Durch die hohe Wärmekapazität der Suspensionsflüssigkeit kühlt der Reaktor langsam aus und bietet sich daher für die Power-to-Gas (PtG) Prozesskette mit ihrer schwankenden Eduktgas-Bereitstellung an. Verschiedene Flüssigkeiten und Betriebsbedingungen wurden bezüglich ihrer Eignung für die Dreiphasen-Methanisierung untersucht.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The high reaction heat of the methanation reaction requires an effective heat removal. For this purpose a three-phase reactor could be advantageous as the heat can easily be removed by external heat exchangers. Moreover, the temperature control is simplified, and the reactor can be operated isothermal. Especially for the Power-to-Gas process a three-phase reactor is very promising. Due to the high heat capacity of the liquid phase, it cools down slowly and hence buffers the effect of fluctuating feed stream. The applicability of several liquids and different operating conditions for three-phase methanation was investigated.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200212/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=87b210dd277313d0ce1a9da58b5f9ee48dca2e2d" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200212/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=e97c498f88518f1accf7a019f75935e00f34f38c"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Bei der Methanisierung ist die effektive Abfuhr der Reaktionswärme aus dem Reaktor eine große technische Herausforderung. Die Dreiphasen-Methanisierung vereinfacht diese Energieabfuhr aus dem Reaktionssystem, der Reaktor kann damit nahezu isotherm betrieben werden und der Einsatz bei schwankender Eduktgas-Bereitstellung ist verbessert. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Bei der Methanisierung ist eine effektive Abfuhr der Reaktionswärme eine zentrale Herausforderung. Die Dreiphasen-Methanisierung ist unter diesem Aspekt durch einfach zu gestaltende Energieabfuhr und Temperaturregelung vorteilhaft und erlaubt eine isotherme Fahrweise. Durch die hohe Wärmekapazität der Suspensionsflüssigkeit kühlt der Reaktor langsam aus und bietet sich daher für die Power-to-Gas (PtG) Prozesskette mit ihrer schwankenden Eduktgas-Bereitstellung an. Verschiedene Flüssigkeiten und Betriebsbedingungen wurden bezüglich ihrer Eignung für die Dreiphasen-Methanisierung untersucht.

The high reaction heat of the methanation reaction requires an effective heat removal. For this purpose a three-phase reactor could be advantageous as the heat can easily be removed by external heat exchangers. Moreover, the temperature control is simplified, and the reactor can be operated isothermal. Especially for the Power-to-Gas process a three-phase reactor is very promising. Due to the high heat capacity of the liquid phase, it cools down slowly and hence buffers the effect of fluctuating feed stream. The applicability of several liquids and different operating conditions for three-phase methanation was investigated.
Bei der Methanisierung ist die effektive Abfuhr der Reaktionswärme aus dem Reaktor eine große technische Herausforderung. Die Dreiphasen-Methanisierung vereinfacht diese Energieabfuhr aus dem Reaktionssystem, der Reaktor kann damit nahezu isotherm betrieben werden und der Einsatz bei schwankender Eduktgas-Bereitstellung ist verbessert. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200236" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Microfiltration Process for Continuous Removal of Solid Particles from Cold-Rolling Emulsions</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200236</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Microfiltration Process for Continuous Removal of Solid Particles from Cold-Rolling Emulsions</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Barbara Wendler, Ralf Wolters, Ulrich Stille, Dieter Böttger</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-05-17T06:10:38.672888-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200236</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200236</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200236</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Communication</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Microfiltration is used for treatment of rejected oil-in-water emulsions: mostly as end-of-pipe treatment for separation of oil and water. However, microfiltration for continuous cleaning of emulsions with removal of solid particles, but without removal of emulsified oil, is not an established process. The described research project aims for development of a continuous cleaning process based on microfiltration for removal of solid particles from cold-rolling emulsions without removal of emulsified oil. The new cleaning process for emulsions can be advantageous compared with existing processes for removal of solid particles smaller than 10 μm.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200236/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=53baf4adc5e3b9d0e8e1b239c4e91e484b17d1e8" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200236/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=1ee4e51b4f0d5c199afe63d98c9cd60bf795b034"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The use of microfiltration is not limited to end-of-pipe treatment of emulsions for splitting of oil phase and water phase. It can also be employed for continuous cleaning of cold-rolling emulsions, i.e. removal of solid particles without removal of emulsified oil. Results of laboratory and pilot tests with sintered and woven steel membranes are discussed. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Microfiltration is used for treatment of rejected oil-in-water emulsions: mostly as end-of-pipe treatment for separation of oil and water. However, microfiltration for continuous cleaning of emulsions with removal of solid particles, but without removal of emulsified oil, is not an established process. The described research project aims for development of a continuous cleaning process based on microfiltration for removal of solid particles from cold-rolling emulsions without removal of emulsified oil. The new cleaning process for emulsions can be advantageous compared with existing processes for removal of solid particles smaller than 10 μm.
The use of microfiltration is not limited to end-of-pipe treatment of emulsions for splitting of oil phase and water phase. It can also be employed for continuous cleaning of cold-rolling emulsions, i.e. removal of solid particles without removal of emulsified oil. Results of laboratory and pilot tests with sintered and woven steel membranes are discussed. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200243" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Toward Improved Closure Relations for the Turbulent Kinetic Energy Equation in Bubble-Driven Flows</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200243</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Toward Improved Closure Relations for the Turbulent Kinetic Energy Equation in Bubble-Driven Flows</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Martin Wörner, Sercan Erdogan</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-05-17T06:10:35.851246-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200243</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200243</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200243</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Communication</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>There is a considerable interest within both academia and industry to develop improved computational fluid dynamic methods for gas-liquid flows in bubble columns in order to support their scale-up and optimal design. One main model limitation in current Eulerian two-fluid and multi-fluid models concerns adequate closure relations for turbulence in bubble-driven flows. This article highlights some special features of bubble-induced turbulence, discusses shortcomings of common concepts for closure of the liquid phase turbulence kinetic energy equation and presents an approach for development and validation of improved models. Some problematic issues related to the direct numerical simulation of bubble swarms in narrow bubble columns are also discussed.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200243/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=c0cb5a3a648c8b6ddfe54921d1d7ec0a3dda8b84" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200243/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=651eff266420faefa3ba38cb1f2cb393b733162b"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Numerical methods for computation of gas-liquid flows in bubble columns require adequate closure relations for turbulence. This article discusses shortcomings of common concepts for closure of the liquid phase turbulence kinetic energy equation and presents the approach for development and validation of improved closures. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

There is a considerable interest within both academia and industry to develop improved computational fluid dynamic methods for gas-liquid flows in bubble columns in order to support their scale-up and optimal design. One main model limitation in current Eulerian two-fluid and multi-fluid models concerns adequate closure relations for turbulence in bubble-driven flows. This article highlights some special features of bubble-induced turbulence, discusses shortcomings of common concepts for closure of the liquid phase turbulence kinetic energy equation and presents an approach for development and validation of improved models. Some problematic issues related to the direct numerical simulation of bubble swarms in narrow bubble columns are also discussed.
Numerical methods for computation of gas-liquid flows in bubble columns require adequate closure relations for turbulence. This article discusses shortcomings of common concepts for closure of the liquid phase turbulence kinetic energy equation and presents the approach for development and validation of improved closures. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201300002" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Die Helmholtz-Energie-Allianz „Energieeffiziente Chemische Mehrphasenprozesse”The Helmholtz Energy Alliance “Energy Efficient Multiphase Chemical Processes”</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201300002</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Die Helmholtz-Energie-Allianz „Energieeffiziente Chemische Mehrphasenprozesse”The Helmholtz Energy Alliance “Energy Efficient Multiphase Chemical Processes”</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Uwe Hampel, Roland Dittmeyer, Andreas Patyk, Thomas Wetzel, Rüdiger Lange, Hannsjörg Freund, Wilhelm Schwieger, Marcus Grünewald, Michael Schlüter, Uwe Petasch</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-05-17T06:10:29.521753-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201300002</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201300002</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201300002</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Essay</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Energieeffizienz ist ein wesentlicher Baustein nachhaltigen Wirtschaftens und unabdingbare Voraussetzung zur Erreichung aktueller klimapolitischer Ziele. Die von der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren geförderte Energie-Allianz „Energieeffiziente chemische Mehrphasenprozesse” bündelt Kompetenzen und Forschungsaktivitäten im Bereich der chemischen Verfahrenstechnik mit dem Ziel der Weiterentwicklung von Entwurfs- und Auslegungsmethoden, numerischen und experimentellen Techniken sowie neuer Messeverfahren zur Effizienzsteigerung chemischer Mehrphasenprozesse.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Energy efficiency is an essential building block of a sustainable economy and an indispensable prerequisite for achieving current international climate goals. The Energy Alliance ”Energy efficient multiphase chemical processes” funded by the Helmholtz Association combines expertise and research activities in the field of chemical process engineering with the objective to further develop design tools, numerical and experimental techniques as well as new measurement techniques for increased efficiency of chemical multiphase processes.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201300002/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=de97e88b006c769fc538b220cd08a59321f64ff5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201300002/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=f9172b51443cd89e42e49b09f78954d6733ec14f"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Energieeffiziente chemische Mehrphasenprozesse stehen im Fokus einer kürzlich von der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren geförderten Initiative. Ziel des Vorhabens sind neue Entwurfs- und Auslegungsmethoden für eine optimale Prozessführung in Mehrphasenreaktoren. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Energieeffizienz ist ein wesentlicher Baustein nachhaltigen Wirtschaftens und unabdingbare Voraussetzung zur Erreichung aktueller klimapolitischer Ziele. Die von der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren geförderte Energie-Allianz „Energieeffiziente chemische Mehrphasenprozesse” bündelt Kompetenzen und Forschungsaktivitäten im Bereich der chemischen Verfahrenstechnik mit dem Ziel der Weiterentwicklung von Entwurfs- und Auslegungsmethoden, numerischen und experimentellen Techniken sowie neuer Messeverfahren zur Effizienzsteigerung chemischer Mehrphasenprozesse.

Energy efficiency is an essential building block of a sustainable economy and an indispensable prerequisite for achieving current international climate goals. The Energy Alliance ”Energy efficient multiphase chemical processes” funded by the Helmholtz Association combines expertise and research activities in the field of chemical process engineering with the objective to further develop design tools, numerical and experimental techniques as well as new measurement techniques for increased efficiency of chemical multiphase processes.
Energieeffiziente chemische Mehrphasenprozesse stehen im Fokus einer kürzlich von der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren geförderten Initiative. Ziel des Vorhabens sind neue Entwurfs- und Auslegungsmethoden für eine optimale Prozessführung in Mehrphasenreaktoren. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200238" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of Flat Sheet Membrane Module Types for High Capacity Gas Separation Applications</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200238</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of Flat Sheet Membrane Module Types for High Capacity Gas Separation Applications</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Torsten Brinkmann, Jan Pohlmann, Ulrike Withalm, Jan Wind, Thorsten Wolff</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-05-17T06:10:28.122387-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200238</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200238</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200238</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Research Article</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Gas permeation is increasingly considered for high capacity applications. This contribution discusses the commonly employed membrane module types for flat sheet membranes and suggests a new module concept. The applications considered are the separation of CO<sub>2</sub> from flue gas and hydrocarbon dewpointing of natural gas. Rigorous models for predicting the operating performance of the module types are described. Pilot plant experiments were conducted to validate the model for envelope type modules. Simulation studies were carried out to predict the performances of the different module types for the two examples and assess their advantages and disadvantages.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200238/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=1e24fbd8c5e43388ca67508120f827dad28001ba" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200238/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=f5afde0815b5b822297dd901edc5f9e9c5e64c08"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Gas permeation is increasingly considered for high capacity applications. Different types of flat sheet membrane modules are considered for their application in natural gas processing and for the removal of CO<sub>2</sub> from flue gases. The operating performance of the modules is evaluated by means of experiments and process modeling. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Gas permeation is increasingly considered for high capacity applications. This contribution discusses the commonly employed membrane module types for flat sheet membranes and suggests a new module concept. The applications considered are the separation of CO2 from flue gas and hydrocarbon dewpointing of natural gas. Rigorous models for predicting the operating performance of the module types are described. Pilot plant experiments were conducted to validate the model for envelope type modules. Simulation studies were carried out to predict the performances of the different module types for the two examples and assess their advantages and disadvantages.
Gas permeation is increasingly considered for high capacity applications. Different types of flat sheet membrane modules are considered for their application in natural gas processing and for the removal of CO2 from flue gases. The operating performance of the modules is evaluated by means of experiments and process modeling. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200239" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Cross-Flow Electro Membrane Filtration: Theory and Application in the Dairy Industry</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200239</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Cross-Flow Electro Membrane Filtration: Theory and Application in the Dairy Industry</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Aline Holder, Sabine Scholz, Jörg Hinrichs, Ulrich Kulozik</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-05-08T07:10:21.919362-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200239</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200239</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200239</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Research Article</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The selective fractionation of functional peptides during conventional filtration can be improved by superimposing an electrical field. Therefore, electrolytic parameters, mass flow of protein as well as the amount of target peptides in the permeate were analyzed in order to study the effect of peptide fractionation. It was found that the position of the electrodes in combination with the electrical charges of the peptides is a decisive factor for a successful fractionation.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200239/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=5f0f7fbc30aca919fb26ac7a77cb7d71901b8e90" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200239/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=5dfac10bdb4c8968687b26abb24b1689afb738ed"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Cross-flow electro membrane filtration is a technology to fractionate peptides from complex protein solutions not only according to their size but also by electrical charge. This approach is based on the principle that peptides align themselves in the electrical field depending on their physicochemical properties. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

The selective fractionation of functional peptides during conventional filtration can be improved by superimposing an electrical field. Therefore, electrolytic parameters, mass flow of protein as well as the amount of target peptides in the permeate were analyzed in order to study the effect of peptide fractionation. It was found that the position of the electrodes in combination with the electrical charges of the peptides is a decisive factor for a successful fractionation.
Cross-flow electro membrane filtration is a technology to fractionate peptides from complex protein solutions not only according to their size but also by electrical charge. This approach is based on the principle that peptides align themselves in the electrical field depending on their physicochemical properties. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200195" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Combining Ozonation and Ceramic Membrane Filtration for Tertiary Treatment</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200195</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Combining Ozonation and Ceramic Membrane Filtration for Tertiary Treatment</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Johan Stüber, Ulf Miehe, Robert Stein, Boris Lesjean, Mirco Köhler</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-05-08T07:10:16.141743-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200195</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200195</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200195</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Research Article</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>A pilot plant with a full scale monolithic ceramic membrane was operated at Ruhleben wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), Berlin Germany, for more than 12 months. Filtration performance according to the applied pre-treatment (dose of ozone and coagulant) were investigated. Trial runs with and without ozone, varying the operational parameters such as flux, coagulant dosage, and filtration time were conducted in order to identify the benefits of pre-ozonation. The reduction of the total fouling rate by ∼70 % when applying a specific ozone dose between 1.0 and <span class="math"><img alt="equation image" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200195/asset/equation/tex2gif-ueqn-1.gif?v=1&amp;s=5f331dec6ff345fe660467c1e9359830192eae1e" class="inlineGraphic"/></span> highlights the potential of ozonation as pre-treatment step. Using LC-OCD measurements, the effect of ozone on the biopolymer concentration and the DOC fraction was demonstrated.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200195/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=82cc8067bd797b6a403d169ce71600f6600c5790" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200195/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=60636c994237d1757922ce280d0bbd8b7dc0fd1e"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Ozonation of secondary effluent is expected to be a promising pre-treatment step to im-prove downstream membrane filtration. A pilot scale ceramic membrane module was operated with ozonation and coagulation in order to evaluate the potential of such a process setup. LC-OCD measurements were conducted displaying the effect of the pre-treatment stages. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

A pilot plant with a full scale monolithic ceramic membrane was operated at Ruhleben wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), Berlin Germany, for more than 12 months. Filtration performance according to the applied pre-treatment (dose of ozone and coagulant) were investigated. Trial runs with and without ozone, varying the operational parameters such as flux, coagulant dosage, and filtration time were conducted in order to identify the benefits of pre-ozonation. The reduction of the total fouling rate by ∼70 % when applying a specific ozone dose between 1.0 and $ 1.4 {\rm mg_O_3}\ {\rm mg_{\rm DOC}^{-1}} $ highlights the potential of ozonation as pre-treatment step. Using LC-OCD measurements, the effect of ozone on the biopolymer concentration and the DOC fraction was demonstrated.
Ozonation of secondary effluent is expected to be a promising pre-treatment step to im-prove downstream membrane filtration. A pilot scale ceramic membrane module was operated with ozonation and coagulation in order to evaluate the potential of such a process setup. LC-OCD measurements were conducted displaying the effect of the pre-treatment stages. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200190" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Neue Entwicklungen im Bereich Cellulase-EngineeringCurrent Developments in Cellulase Engineering</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200190</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Neue Entwicklungen im Bereich Cellulase-EngineeringCurrent Developments in Cellulase Engineering</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Andrea Rentmeister</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-05-06T06:10:43.62654-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200190</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200190</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200190</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Übersichtsbeitrag</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Die Hydrolyse von Cellulose aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen, die nicht als Nahrungsmittel dienen, stellt einen Schlüsselschritt für die effiziente Gewinnung von Biokraftstoffen wie Ethanol oder Butanol dar. Die Verbesserung von Cellulasen könnte den Gesamtprozess kosteneffizienter machen und wird mittels verschiedener Strategien verfolgt. Neue Zusammenstellungen von Cellulasen zielen langfristig darauf ab, eine Gesamtbioprozessierung zu erreichen. Hierfür wurden Designer-Cellulosomen konstruiert und gut fermentierende Organismen mit Cellulaseaktivität versehen. Außerdem werden Cellulasen mit verbesserter Thermostabilität und Aktivität benötigt. Aktuelle Entwicklungen im Bereich Cellulase-Engineering werden zusammengefasst und die Erfolge und Limitierungen herausgestellt.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Degradation of cellulose represents a key step for efficient generation of biofuels such as ethanol or butanol from non-food crops. Several strategies aim to improve the performance of cellulases in order to make the overall process more cost-efficient. In one strategy, novel arrangements of cellulases are developed. The resulting so-called designer cellulosomes might allow equipping fermenting hosts with sufficient cellulase activity to grow on cellulose as sole carbon source and, thus, enable consolidated bioprocessing. Other strategies aim to engineer cellulases with higher thermostability and activity to make cellulose hydrolysis more efficient. Current developments in the field of cellulose engineering are summarized and achievements as well as limitations are highlighted.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200190/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=7b172cef86c24df99d18e0b1d04d4f3db45aa00b" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200190/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=a4e024cc61c45fde582282ee97e1e62023dc007a"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Effizienter Cellulose-Abbau ist essentiell für die Gewinnung von Biokraftstoffen aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen. Dieser Übersichtsbeitrag setzt sich kritisch mit den Ergebnissen der letzten Jahre im Bereich Cellulase-Engineering auseinander. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf Designer-Cellulosomen und Strategien zur Erhöhung der Stabilität und Aktivität von Cellulasen. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Die Hydrolyse von Cellulose aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen, die nicht als Nahrungsmittel dienen, stellt einen Schlüsselschritt für die effiziente Gewinnung von Biokraftstoffen wie Ethanol oder Butanol dar. Die Verbesserung von Cellulasen könnte den Gesamtprozess kosteneffizienter machen und wird mittels verschiedener Strategien verfolgt. Neue Zusammenstellungen von Cellulasen zielen langfristig darauf ab, eine Gesamtbioprozessierung zu erreichen. Hierfür wurden Designer-Cellulosomen konstruiert und gut fermentierende Organismen mit Cellulaseaktivität versehen. Außerdem werden Cellulasen mit verbesserter Thermostabilität und Aktivität benötigt. Aktuelle Entwicklungen im Bereich Cellulase-Engineering werden zusammengefasst und die Erfolge und Limitierungen herausgestellt.

Degradation of cellulose represents a key step for efficient generation of biofuels such as ethanol or butanol from non-food crops. Several strategies aim to improve the performance of cellulases in order to make the overall process more cost-efficient. In one strategy, novel arrangements of cellulases are developed. The resulting so-called designer cellulosomes might allow equipping fermenting hosts with sufficient cellulase activity to grow on cellulose as sole carbon source and, thus, enable consolidated bioprocessing. Other strategies aim to engineer cellulases with higher thermostability and activity to make cellulose hydrolysis more efficient. Current developments in the field of cellulose engineering are summarized and achievements as well as limitations are highlighted.
Effizienter Cellulose-Abbau ist essentiell für die Gewinnung von Biokraftstoffen aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen. Dieser Übersichtsbeitrag setzt sich kritisch mit den Ergebnissen der letzten Jahre im Bereich Cellulase-Engineering auseinander. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf Designer-Cellulosomen und Strategien zur Erhöhung der Stabilität und Aktivität von Cellulasen. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200250" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Gamma-Ray Computed Tomography for Imaging of Multiphase Flows</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200250</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Gamma-Ray Computed Tomography for Imaging of Multiphase Flows</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">André Bieberle, Hans-Ulrich Härting, Swapna Rabha, Markus Schubert, Uwe Hampel, Uwe Hampel</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-05-06T06:10:38.130424-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200250</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200250</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200250</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Research Article</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Multiphase flows are omnipresent in the chemical industry. The flow phenomena in multiphase reactors strongly affect the processes performance. Nonetheless, even basic information on flow patterns, flow regimes and effects of internals etc. is often not available, which is a strong obstacle for a reliable design and scale-up. Non-invasive tomographic techniques are promising measurement tools to visualize opaque multiphase flows. The contribution provides a short survey about today's tomographic imaging techniques and introduces the principles of radiation-based tomography. In particular, two gamma-ray computed tomography designs and their application for sparger performance study in large bubble columns and for flow regime determination in inclined rotating fixed-bed reactors are presented.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200250/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=cb801fa6ba4ceb8ebf9fce55013e6064e9301f56" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200250/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=7cc461050540ddbceed6018355ed8968c85f38fa"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>High resolution and compact gamma-ray computed tomography is introduced which has the capacity to measure at large scale external facilities and also smaller diameter objects, respectively. Their applicability is tested and verified to study phase distributions in an unsteady bubble column and in inclined rotating fixed-bed reactor. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Multiphase flows are omnipresent in the chemical industry. The flow phenomena in multiphase reactors strongly affect the processes performance. Nonetheless, even basic information on flow patterns, flow regimes and effects of internals etc. is often not available, which is a strong obstacle for a reliable design and scale-up. Non-invasive tomographic techniques are promising measurement tools to visualize opaque multiphase flows. The contribution provides a short survey about today's tomographic imaging techniques and introduces the principles of radiation-based tomography. In particular, two gamma-ray computed tomography designs and their application for sparger performance study in large bubble columns and for flow regime determination in inclined rotating fixed-bed reactors are presented.
High resolution and compact gamma-ray computed tomography is introduced which has the capacity to measure at large scale external facilities and also smaller diameter objects, respectively. Their applicability is tested and verified to study phase distributions in an unsteady bubble column and in inclined rotating fixed-bed reactor. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200223" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Numerical Simulation of Polydispersed Flow in Bubble Columns with the Inhomogeneous Multi-Size-Group Model</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200223</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Numerical Simulation of Polydispersed Flow in Bubble Columns with the Inhomogeneous Multi-Size-Group Model</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Thomas Ziegenhein, Roland Rzehak, Eckhard Krepper, Dirk Lucas</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-05-06T06:10:32.438737-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200223</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200223</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200223</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Research Article</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The present paper shows the influence of considering polydispersity of bubbly flow, simulating bubble columns with a three-dimensional Eulerian two-fluid model. A complete set of interfacial closure models regarding drag force, lift force, wall force, turbulent dispersion force and bubble-induced turbulence is considered. A round bubble column of 0.288 m diameter and 2.5 m height is simulated up to a superficial gas velocity of 1 cm s<sup>–1</sup> and compared with experimental data. It is shown that considering the polydispersity including the non-drag forces, important flow properties of bubble columns are reproduced. Possible influences of swarm effects on the non-drag forces are discussed and needs for further investigations are given.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200223/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=1e36f93888572d18588a1bb6d3dc3075c301f012" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200223/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=a641b4fbafce3a765d1c361f0b7321bdea777c17"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Bubble columns are frequently used in chemical and biochemical engineering, but the proper modeling of such complex multiphase flows over a wide parameter range is still a challenging task. On the way to predictable simulations the importance of considering the bubble size distribution with reliable methods and latest modeling approaches is shown and compared with experiments. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

The present paper shows the influence of considering polydispersity of bubbly flow, simulating bubble columns with a three-dimensional Eulerian two-fluid model. A complete set of interfacial closure models regarding drag force, lift force, wall force, turbulent dispersion force and bubble-induced turbulence is considered. A round bubble column of 0.288 m diameter and 2.5 m height is simulated up to a superficial gas velocity of 1 cm s–1 and compared with experimental data. It is shown that considering the polydispersity including the non-drag forces, important flow properties of bubble columns are reproduced. Possible influences of swarm effects on the non-drag forces are discussed and needs for further investigations are given.
Bubble columns are frequently used in chemical and biochemical engineering, but the proper modeling of such complex multiphase flows over a wide parameter range is still a challenging task. On the way to predictable simulations the importance of considering the bubble size distribution with reliable methods and latest modeling approaches is shown and compared with experiments. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200139" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Optical Multimode Online Probe: Erfassung und Analyse von PartikelkollektivenOptical Multimode Online Probe: Detection and Analysis of Particle Collectives</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200139</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Optical Multimode Online Probe: Erfassung und Analyse von PartikelkollektivenOptical Multimode Online Probe: Detection and Analysis of Particle Collectives</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Matthias Mickler, Hans-Jörg Bart</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-05-06T06:10:27.526082-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200139</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200139</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200139</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Die vorgestellte <em>Optical Multimode Online Probe</em> verwendet telezentrische Beleuchtung mittels Hochleistungs-Mikro-LED (493 lm) und ein objektseitig-telezentrisches Objektiv zur Online-Analyse von Tropfenkollektiven. Es entstehen relative Messfehler von &amp;&amp;num;60; 2 – 5 % (Durchlicht) bzw. &amp;&amp;num;60; 12 % (Auflicht) bezogen auf die Partikeldurchmesser. Aufbauend auf der Distanztransformation zur Analyse der Durchlichtabbildungen wird ein adaptiver Vorsegmentierungsansatz auf Basis des <em>Random Forest Classifiers</em> vorgestellt. Die Abweichungen bezogen auf die Pixelzahl liegen bei 1 bis 6 %, nach Auswertung der Kreise bei 12,9 % bezogen auf den mittleren Partikeldurchmesser.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The presented optical multimode online probe uses telecentric illumination with a high performance micro LED (493 lm) and objectspace-telecentric objective to analyze particles online and in situ. The relative measurement errors are between &amp;&amp;num;60; 2 – 5 % (transmitted light) and below 12 % (incident light, with regard to the particle diameter). The distance transform approach for transmitted-light images is extended for the analysis of diffuse incident-light images by an adaptive pre-segmentation approach based on the random forest classifier algorithm. The error with regard to the pixel number is typically between 1 to 6 %, while the evaluation of particle diameters gives deviations up to 12.9 %.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200139/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=83d7494880381c1f48a766f4438ed8c6d4668423" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200139/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=7d77b991df7678d55544972d916f48f86e567c1b"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Vorgestellt wird die <em>Optical Multimode Online Probe</em> zur Erfassung und Online-Analyse von Partikeln in Mehrphasenströmungen. Bestehende Auswerte-Algorithmen werden erweitert um den <em>Random Forest Classifier</em> zur Vorsegmentierung und adaptiven Auswertung auch komplexerer Partikelabbildungen. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Die vorgestellte Optical Multimode Online Probe verwendet telezentrische Beleuchtung mittels Hochleistungs-Mikro-LED (493 lm) und ein objektseitig-telezentrisches Objektiv zur Online-Analyse von Tropfenkollektiven. Es entstehen relative Messfehler von &amp;&amp;num;60; 2 – 5 % (Durchlicht) bzw. &amp;&amp;num;60; 12 % (Auflicht) bezogen auf die Partikeldurchmesser. Aufbauend auf der Distanztransformation zur Analyse der Durchlichtabbildungen wird ein adaptiver Vorsegmentierungsansatz auf Basis des Random Forest Classifiers vorgestellt. Die Abweichungen bezogen auf die Pixelzahl liegen bei 1 bis 6 %, nach Auswertung der Kreise bei 12,9 % bezogen auf den mittleren Partikeldurchmesser.

The presented optical multimode online probe uses telecentric illumination with a high performance micro LED (493 lm) and objectspace-telecentric objective to analyze particles online and in situ. The relative measurement errors are between &amp;&amp;num;60; 2 – 5 % (transmitted light) and below 12 % (incident light, with regard to the particle diameter). The distance transform approach for transmitted-light images is extended for the analysis of diffuse incident-light images by an adaptive pre-segmentation approach based on the random forest classifier algorithm. The error with regard to the pixel number is typically between 1 to 6 %, while the evaluation of particle diameters gives deviations up to 12.9 %.
Vorgestellt wird die Optical Multimode Online Probe zur Erfassung und Online-Analyse von Partikeln in Mehrphasenströmungen. Bestehende Auswerte-Algorithmen werden erweitert um den Random Forest Classifier zur Vorsegmentierung und adaptiven Auswertung auch komplexerer Partikelabbildungen. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200117" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Experimentelle und numerische Untersuchung des TropfenaufstiegsExperimental and Numerical Investigation of a Rising Droplet</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200117</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Experimentelle und numerische Untersuchung des TropfenaufstiegsExperimental and Numerical Investigation of a Rising Droplet</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">René T. Eiswirth, Hans-Jörg Bart, Theodoros Atmakidis, Eugeny Y. Kenig</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-05-06T06:10:21.450596-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200117</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200117</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200117</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Ergebnisse einer experimentellen und numerischen Untersuchung eines in einer wässrigen Phase aufsteigenden Toluol-Tropfens werden vorgestellt. Die experimentellen Untersuchungen wurden in einer Messzelle im Kleinstmaßstab unter Zuhilfenahme von Hochgeschwindigkeitsmesstechnik durchgeführt. Die numerischen Untersuchungen erfolgten mithilfe des CFD-Programms COMCOL Multiphysics 3.3a und der dort implementierten Level-Set-Methode. Die gemessenen und die in Simulationen berechneten Tropfenaufstiegsgeschwindigkeiten zeigen eine sehr gute Übereinstimmung und decken sich mit neueren Ergebnissen. Auch die Wiedergabe der Abweichung von der Kugelform bei verschiedenen Tropfengrößen war ausgezeichnet. Auf Basis der experimentell und numerisch erhaltenen Ergebnisse wird eine verbesserte Anpassung einer bestehenden Korrelation zur Berechnung der Tropfenaufstiegsgeschwindigkeit vorgestellt.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The results of an experimental and numerical investigation of an organic toluene droplet rising in a continuous aqueous phase are presented. The experiments were carried out in a small-scale, high-speed measuring unit. The numerical simulations were performed with the aid of the level set method implemented in the commercial CFD tool COMSOL Multiphysics 3.3a. Both measured and simulated terminal velocities are found to be in excellent agreement and match recent results. Moreover, the deviation from the spherical form is captured very well for different droplet sizes. Based on the experimental and numerical data obtained, an improvement of an existing terminal velocity correlation is suggested.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200117/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=a835a092327335bca9a79ee94921fbd0e01bdfa5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200117/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=92b26f53bdf3c871a777220048748a5b92be410a"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Die Tropfenaufstiegsgeschwindigkeiten hängen stark von Tropfenform und -art (starr, zirkulierend oder oszillierend) ab. Der Einfluss der Abweichung von der Kugelform wird häufig vernachlässigt und wurde hier detailiert mit Hochgeschwindigkeitskamera und CFD-Methoden untersucht, um bestehende Korrelationen zu verbessern. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Ergebnisse einer experimentellen und numerischen Untersuchung eines in einer wässrigen Phase aufsteigenden Toluol-Tropfens werden vorgestellt. Die experimentellen Untersuchungen wurden in einer Messzelle im Kleinstmaßstab unter Zuhilfenahme von Hochgeschwindigkeitsmesstechnik durchgeführt. Die numerischen Untersuchungen erfolgten mithilfe des CFD-Programms COMCOL Multiphysics 3.3a und der dort implementierten Level-Set-Methode. Die gemessenen und die in Simulationen berechneten Tropfenaufstiegsgeschwindigkeiten zeigen eine sehr gute Übereinstimmung und decken sich mit neueren Ergebnissen. Auch die Wiedergabe der Abweichung von der Kugelform bei verschiedenen Tropfengrößen war ausgezeichnet. Auf Basis der experimentell und numerisch erhaltenen Ergebnisse wird eine verbesserte Anpassung einer bestehenden Korrelation zur Berechnung der Tropfenaufstiegsgeschwindigkeit vorgestellt.

The results of an experimental and numerical investigation of an organic toluene droplet rising in a continuous aqueous phase are presented. The experiments were carried out in a small-scale, high-speed measuring unit. The numerical simulations were performed with the aid of the level set method implemented in the commercial CFD tool COMSOL Multiphysics 3.3a. Both measured and simulated terminal velocities are found to be in excellent agreement and match recent results. Moreover, the deviation from the spherical form is captured very well for different droplet sizes. Based on the experimental and numerical data obtained, an improvement of an existing terminal velocity correlation is suggested.
Die Tropfenaufstiegsgeschwindigkeiten hängen stark von Tropfenform und -art (starr, zirkulierend oder oszillierend) ab. Der Einfluss der Abweichung von der Kugelform wird häufig vernachlässigt und wurde hier detailiert mit Hochgeschwindigkeitskamera und CFD-Methoden untersucht, um bestehende Korrelationen zu verbessern. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200114" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Hocheffiziente Feinstaubabscheidung aus Kleinfeuerungsanlagen mit einem SchlauchfilterHighly Efficient Fine Dust Deposition from Small-Scale Heating Systems with a Baghouse Filter</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200114</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Hocheffiziente Feinstaubabscheidung aus Kleinfeuerungsanlagen mit einem SchlauchfilterHighly Efficient Fine Dust Deposition from Small-Scale Heating Systems with a Baghouse Filter</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Sascha Schiller, Hans-Joachim Schmidt</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-05-06T06:10:06.144981-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200114</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200114</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200114</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Wissenschaftliche Kurzmitteilung</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Zur Erfüllung der Anforderungen der novellierten ersten Bundesimmissionsschutzverordnung (1. BImSchV: Verordnung über kleine und mittlere Feuerungsanlagen) wurde ein Schlauchfiltersystem für den Gebrauch in kleinen und mittleren Feuerungsanlagen entwickelt. Ein zur Filtration benötigtes Filterhilfsmittel wird vollautomatisch portioniert, dispergiert und dem Prozess zugeführt. Mit dieser Technik ist es möglich, den Feinstaubgehalt im Abgas auf unter 1 mg m<sup>–3</sup> i.N. zu senken und damit die geforderten Grenzwerte weit zu unterschreiten. </p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>To comply with the legal requirements in Germany a baghouse filter system for small and medium-sized wood-fired heaters has been developed. For the filtration a precoat material is required, which is automatically portioned, dispersed, and injected. With this technology it is possible to minimize the fine dust concentration in the waste gas below 1 mg m<sup>–3</sup> at standard conditions and to fall far below the legal requirements.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200114/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=32b1c57b8e31a18c54b6956708068bc57a97bf17" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200114/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=dd063af220c22fc47388745a210155511c9a8b05"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Zur Begrenzung der Feinstaubemissionen aus kleinen und mittleren Holzfeuerungsanlagen wurde ein kompakter Schlauchfilter entwickelt und bezüglich verschiedener Parameter untersucht. Die gesetzlichen Grenzwerte werden weit unterschritten und die zusätzlichen Betriebskosten fallen verglichen mit den jährlich entstehenden Brennstoffkosten kaum ins Gewicht. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Zur Erfüllung der Anforderungen der novellierten ersten Bundesimmissionsschutzverordnung (1. BImSchV: Verordnung über kleine und mittlere Feuerungsanlagen) wurde ein Schlauchfiltersystem für den Gebrauch in kleinen und mittleren Feuerungsanlagen entwickelt. Ein zur Filtration benötigtes Filterhilfsmittel wird vollautomatisch portioniert, dispergiert und dem Prozess zugeführt. Mit dieser Technik ist es möglich, den Feinstaubgehalt im Abgas auf unter 1 mg m–3 i.N. zu senken und damit die geforderten Grenzwerte weit zu unterschreiten. 

To comply with the legal requirements in Germany a baghouse filter system for small and medium-sized wood-fired heaters has been developed. For the filtration a precoat material is required, which is automatically portioned, dispersed, and injected. With this technology it is possible to minimize the fine dust concentration in the waste gas below 1 mg m–3 at standard conditions and to fall far below the legal requirements.
Zur Begrenzung der Feinstaubemissionen aus kleinen und mittleren Holzfeuerungsanlagen wurde ein kompakter Schlauchfilter entwickelt und bezüglich verschiedener Parameter untersucht. Die gesetzlichen Grenzwerte werden weit unterschritten und die zusätzlichen Betriebskosten fallen verglichen mit den jährlich entstehenden Brennstoffkosten kaum ins Gewicht. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200211" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Ein gitterfreies Berechnungsverfahren zur Simulation von Koaleszenz in MehrphasensystemenSimulation of Coalescence in Multiphase Systems Using a Mesh-Free Simulation Method</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200211</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Ein gitterfreies Berechnungsverfahren zur Simulation von Koaleszenz in MehrphasensystemenSimulation of Coalescence in Multiphase Systems Using a Mesh-Free Simulation Method</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Manuel Hirschler, Franz Keller, Manuel Huber, Winfried Säckel, Ulrich Nieken</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-30T03:10:24.601812-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200211</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200211</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200211</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Die Modellierung der Koaleszenz innerhalb von Blasenkollektiven ist mit gitterbasierten Verfahren aufgrund des adaptiven Vernetzungsaufwands eine Herausforderung. Eine Alternative für Systeme mit stark veränderlichen freien Oberflächen und komplexer Geometrie stellen gitterfreie Simulationsmethoden wie der Smoothed-particle-hydrodynamics-Ansatz (SPH-Ansatz) dar. In dieser Forschungsarbeit wird die Eignung der SPH-Methode zur Simulation von Blasenkollektiven untersucht. Dazu wird die Dynamik der Koaleszenz einer Einzelblase mit einer planaren Oberfläche analysiert und die Möglichkeit zur Modellierung von Blasenkollektiven am Beispiel eines Blasenkollektivs mit zwei Blasen verschiedener Größe aufgezeigt.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Modeling coalescence effects within bubble collectives is a challenge with grid-based methods because of the extensive remeshing. Mesh-free simulation methods, such as the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) approach offer an alternative for systems with highly deformable free surfaces and complex geometries. This contribution investigates the suitability of the SPH method for the simulation of bubble collectives. The dynamics of a single bubble coalescing with a planar surface is studied. Moreover, the ability of the SPH approach to model bubble collectives is highlighted considering the coalescence of two bubbles of different sizes.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200211/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=0f6c000a723f957a94f73ca87de523c8a49bd3e1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200211/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=fb22500437a1970d2243168f98b8aa8a53f5570f"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Die Simulation von Blasenkoaleszenz ist mit gitterbasierten Simulationsmethoden sehr rechenintensiv. Eine Alternative stellt die gitterfreie Smoothed-particle-hydrodynamics-Methode dar. Das Potenzial dieser Methode wird anhand von ausgewählten Beispielen aufgezeigt. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Die Modellierung der Koaleszenz innerhalb von Blasenkollektiven ist mit gitterbasierten Verfahren aufgrund des adaptiven Vernetzungsaufwands eine Herausforderung. Eine Alternative für Systeme mit stark veränderlichen freien Oberflächen und komplexer Geometrie stellen gitterfreie Simulationsmethoden wie der Smoothed-particle-hydrodynamics-Ansatz (SPH-Ansatz) dar. In dieser Forschungsarbeit wird die Eignung der SPH-Methode zur Simulation von Blasenkollektiven untersucht. Dazu wird die Dynamik der Koaleszenz einer Einzelblase mit einer planaren Oberfläche analysiert und die Möglichkeit zur Modellierung von Blasenkollektiven am Beispiel eines Blasenkollektivs mit zwei Blasen verschiedener Größe aufgezeigt.

Modeling coalescence effects within bubble collectives is a challenge with grid-based methods because of the extensive remeshing. Mesh-free simulation methods, such as the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) approach offer an alternative for systems with highly deformable free surfaces and complex geometries. This contribution investigates the suitability of the SPH method for the simulation of bubble collectives. The dynamics of a single bubble coalescing with a planar surface is studied. Moreover, the ability of the SPH approach to model bubble collectives is highlighted considering the coalescence of two bubbles of different sizes.
Die Simulation von Blasenkoaleszenz ist mit gitterbasierten Simulationsmethoden sehr rechenintensiv. Eine Alternative stellt die gitterfreie Smoothed-particle-hydrodynamics-Methode dar. Das Potenzial dieser Methode wird anhand von ausgewählten Beispielen aufgezeigt. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200204" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Analyse des Permeations- und Filtrationsverhaltens keramischer Membranen unter hydrothermalen BedingungenAnalysis of Permeation and Filtration Behavior of Ceramic Membranes under Hydrothermal Conditions</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200204</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Analyse des Permeations- und Filtrationsverhaltens keramischer Membranen unter hydrothermalen BedingungenAnalysis of Permeation and Filtration Behavior of Ceramic Membranes under Hydrothermal Conditions</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Alexander Felix, Volker Herdegen, Roland Haseneder, Georg Härtel, Jens-Uwe Repke</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-30T03:10:21.982303-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200204</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200204</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200204</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Wasser unter erhöhten Temperaturen und Drücken stellt aufgrund seiner physiologischen Unbedenklichkeit sowie vorteilhaften physikalisch-chemischen Eigenschaften eine interessante Alternative gegenüber einer Vielzahl von organischen und umweltgefährdenden Lösungs- und Reaktionsmitteln dar. Um derartigen Verfahren künftig größere Anwendungschancen zu eröffnen, wurden keramische Membranen zur Stofftrennung unter hydrothermalen Druck- und Temperaturbedingungen untersucht. Dies beinhaltet den Aufbau einer Permeations- und Filtrationsanlage, Parameterstudien zum Transportverhalten des reinen Wassers sowie Untersuchungen zum Trennverhalten der Membranen gegenüber gelösten organischen Modellsubstanzen.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Due to its advantageous physicochemical properties as well as its environmentally benign character, hot pressurized water is an interesting alternative to a multitude of environmental polluting, organic solvents and reactants. In order to offer new fields of application to those processes, an efficient selective separation technique under such challenging hydrothermal conditions is of great interest. This work serves to investigate characteristics of ceramic membranes under these operating conditions. In particular, the focus is set on the facility build-up for permeation and filtration experiments, parametric studies of pure water permeances and the separation behavior of organic model substances.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200204/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=3639996035ab4e97b9b04dcdac25ba2c49ce3be0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200204/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=d437569b967bab216d547bc281f68a3f144b8bf7"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Unter hydrothermalen Bedingungen wird erstmals der Einsatz keramischer Membranen zur Stofftrennung untersucht. Für dieses anspruchsvolle System werden Parameterstudien zum Transportverhalten von Wasser sowie Untersuchungen zum Trennverhalten von organischen Modellsubstanzen vorgestellt. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Wasser unter erhöhten Temperaturen und Drücken stellt aufgrund seiner physiologischen Unbedenklichkeit sowie vorteilhaften physikalisch-chemischen Eigenschaften eine interessante Alternative gegenüber einer Vielzahl von organischen und umweltgefährdenden Lösungs- und Reaktionsmitteln dar. Um derartigen Verfahren künftig größere Anwendungschancen zu eröffnen, wurden keramische Membranen zur Stofftrennung unter hydrothermalen Druck- und Temperaturbedingungen untersucht. Dies beinhaltet den Aufbau einer Permeations- und Filtrationsanlage, Parameterstudien zum Transportverhalten des reinen Wassers sowie Untersuchungen zum Trennverhalten der Membranen gegenüber gelösten organischen Modellsubstanzen.

Due to its advantageous physicochemical properties as well as its environmentally benign character, hot pressurized water is an interesting alternative to a multitude of environmental polluting, organic solvents and reactants. In order to offer new fields of application to those processes, an efficient selective separation technique under such challenging hydrothermal conditions is of great interest. This work serves to investigate characteristics of ceramic membranes under these operating conditions. In particular, the focus is set on the facility build-up for permeation and filtration experiments, parametric studies of pure water permeances and the separation behavior of organic model substances.
Unter hydrothermalen Bedingungen wird erstmals der Einsatz keramischer Membranen zur Stofftrennung untersucht. Für dieses anspruchsvolle System werden Parameterstudien zum Transportverhalten von Wasser sowie Untersuchungen zum Trennverhalten von organischen Modellsubstanzen vorgestellt. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201300009" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Carbo-Iron – ein maßgeschneidertes Reagenz zur In-situ-GrundwassersanierungCarbo-Iron – A Tailored Reagent for In Situ Groundwater Remediation</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201300009</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Carbo-Iron – ein maßgeschneidertes Reagenz zur In-situ-GrundwassersanierungCarbo-Iron – A Tailored Reagent for In Situ Groundwater Remediation</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Steffen Bleyl, Frank-Dieter Kopinke, Anett Georgi, Katrin Mackenzie</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-30T03:10:15.599818-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201300009</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201300009</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201300009</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Carbo-Iron<sup>®</sup> wird als In-situ-Reagenz zur Dechlorierung organischer Chlorverbindungen in kontaminierten Aquiferen vorgestellt. Die Kombination der Sorptionseigenschaften feinkörniger Aktivkohle (AK) mit den Reduktionseigenschaften metallischen Eisens im Kompositmaterial Carbo-Iron erweitert die Einsatzmöglichkeiten beider Stoffe im Umweltbereich und soll gezielt Schwachstellen von Nanoeisen überwinden. Der AK-Träger steuert die Oberflächeneigenschaften der Partikel und erhöht sowohl die Kolloidmobilität zur Erzeugung breiter Sorptions-Reaktions-Zonen als auch die Affinität zu hydrophoben Schadstoffphasen.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Carbo-Iron<sup>®</sup> is presented as in situ reagent for dechlorination of chlorinated organic hydrocarbons in contaminated aquifers. The combination of the sorption properties of fine-grained activated carbon (AC) with the reducing properties of metallic iron extends the environmental application fields for both materials. The material combination also helps to overcome the limitations of pure nano-iron: the carrier AC has a positive influence on the particle mobility to generate broad sorption/reaction zones and increases the affinity of the reagent to non-dissolved hydrophobic pollutants.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201300009/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=fcb7d89ffb50b4310852facb19adf9c405a59cbd" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201300009/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=7ca7f6018cbffe589582a52338521d3cb2536089"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Carbo-Iron, ein neues Kompositmaterial aus Nanoeisen geträgert auf kolloidaler Aktivkohle, wurde zur In-situ-Grundwassersanierung entwickelt. Das Zusammenwirken von Sorption und Reaktion in dem Verbundmaterial ermöglicht einen effektiven Abbau von chlorierten Kohlenwasserstoffen. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Carbo-Iron® wird als In-situ-Reagenz zur Dechlorierung organischer Chlorverbindungen in kontaminierten Aquiferen vorgestellt. Die Kombination der Sorptionseigenschaften feinkörniger Aktivkohle (AK) mit den Reduktionseigenschaften metallischen Eisens im Kompositmaterial Carbo-Iron erweitert die Einsatzmöglichkeiten beider Stoffe im Umweltbereich und soll gezielt Schwachstellen von Nanoeisen überwinden. Der AK-Träger steuert die Oberflächeneigenschaften der Partikel und erhöht sowohl die Kolloidmobilität zur Erzeugung breiter Sorptions-Reaktions-Zonen als auch die Affinität zu hydrophoben Schadstoffphasen.

Carbo-Iron® is presented as in situ reagent for dechlorination of chlorinated organic hydrocarbons in contaminated aquifers. The combination of the sorption properties of fine-grained activated carbon (AC) with the reducing properties of metallic iron extends the environmental application fields for both materials. The material combination also helps to overcome the limitations of pure nano-iron: the carrier AC has a positive influence on the particle mobility to generate broad sorption/reaction zones and increases the affinity of the reagent to non-dissolved hydrophobic pollutants.
Carbo-Iron, ein neues Kompositmaterial aus Nanoeisen geträgert auf kolloidaler Aktivkohle, wurde zur In-situ-Grundwassersanierung entwickelt. Das Zusammenwirken von Sorption und Reaktion in dem Verbundmaterial ermöglicht einen effektiven Abbau von chlorierten Kohlenwasserstoffen. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201300011" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Einfluss der Reaktorkonfiguration auf die Enantioselektivität einer kinetischen RacematspaltungInfluence of the Reactor Configuration on the Enantioselectivity of a Kinetic Resolution</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201300011</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Einfluss der Reaktorkonfiguration auf die Enantioselektivität einer kinetischen RacematspaltungInfluence of the Reactor Configuration on the Enantioselectivity of a Kinetic Resolution</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Andreas Liese, Udo Kragl</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-26T07:11:09.36522-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201300011</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201300011</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201300011</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Die optische Reinheit eines Produkts am Reaktorausgang hängt nicht nur von der Enantioselektivität des Katalysators ab, sondern auch von der Reaktorkonfiguration. Für die kinetische Racematspaltung werden verschiedene Reaktortypen in Hinblick auf den erzielbaren Enantiomerenüberschuss (ee) bei einem bestimmten Umsatz verglichen. Während für den kontinuierlich betriebenen Rührkesselreaktor ein hoher ee nur bei Enantioselektivitäten (<em>E</em>-Werte) von größer 190 erhalten wird, gelingt dies unter Batch-, Fed-batch- und Strömungsrohrbedingungen schon bei <em>E</em>-Werten von 35.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The optical purity of a product at the reactor outlet depends not only on the enantioselectivity of the catalyst, but also on the reactor configuration. Different reactor configurations are compared with respect to the enantiomeric excess (ee) at a respective conversion that can be achieved in a kinetic resolution of a racemate. For batch, fed-batch and plug flow reactors enantioselectivities (<em>E</em> value) of 35 are sufficient to achieve high enantiomeric excess. For a continuously operated stirred tank reactor high ee values are only obtained for <em>E</em> values higher than 190.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201300011/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=40440812077aa3432d3332985f351e2fa4d1b3c1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201300011/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=54376766db8cd0f978ae08ad2e4781162ab4d840"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Reaktion und Reaktor bilden eine Einheit und müssen aufeinander abgestimmt sein. Dies gilt besonders für kinetische Racematspaltungen zur Gewinnung von enantiomerenreinen Bausteinen. Dabei ist die Art der Reaktion oder des Katalysators ohne Bedeutung, wenn auch für die Mehrzahl der industriell wichtigen Prozesse Biokatalysatoren eingesetzt werden. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Die optische Reinheit eines Produkts am Reaktorausgang hängt nicht nur von der Enantioselektivität des Katalysators ab, sondern auch von der Reaktorkonfiguration. Für die kinetische Racematspaltung werden verschiedene Reaktortypen in Hinblick auf den erzielbaren Enantiomerenüberschuss (ee) bei einem bestimmten Umsatz verglichen. Während für den kontinuierlich betriebenen Rührkesselreaktor ein hoher ee nur bei Enantioselektivitäten (E-Werte) von größer 190 erhalten wird, gelingt dies unter Batch-, Fed-batch- und Strömungsrohrbedingungen schon bei E-Werten von 35.

The optical purity of a product at the reactor outlet depends not only on the enantioselectivity of the catalyst, but also on the reactor configuration. Different reactor configurations are compared with respect to the enantiomeric excess (ee) at a respective conversion that can be achieved in a kinetic resolution of a racemate. For batch, fed-batch and plug flow reactors enantioselectivities (E value) of 35 are sufficient to achieve high enantiomeric excess. For a continuously operated stirred tank reactor high ee values are only obtained for E values higher than 190.
Reaktion und Reaktor bilden eine Einheit und müssen aufeinander abgestimmt sein. Dies gilt besonders für kinetische Racematspaltungen zur Gewinnung von enantiomerenreinen Bausteinen. Dabei ist die Art der Reaktion oder des Katalysators ohne Bedeutung, wenn auch für die Mehrzahl der industriell wichtigen Prozesse Biokatalysatoren eingesetzt werden. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200234" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Omix – A Visualization Tool for Metabolic Networks with Highest Usability and Customizability in Focus</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200234</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Omix – A Visualization Tool for Metabolic Networks with Highest Usability and Customizability in Focus</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Peter Droste, Katharina Nöh, Wolfgang Wiechert</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-25T00:20:42.60797-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200234</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200234</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200234</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Research Article</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Visualization has become indispensable in the analysis and interpretation of data from experiment and simulation. To adequately represent the diversity of studied phenomena, it is necessary to support researchers with tools that are easy to use and allow effective data visualization with special regard to individual requirements. This contribution presents the visualization tool Omix, an editor for metabolic network diagrams and a customizable visualization framework. As an outstanding feature, data visualization is script-based. The dedicated new scripting language OVL (Omix Visualization Language) enables the user to freely design the manner data is visualized in the network. An intuitive user interface, several newly developed, domain-specific drawing automatisms as well as visualization concepts make the software Omix a mature computational tool supporting the specific requirements of researchers from systems biology and life science domains as will be demonstrated on several application examples.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200234/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=886ab24ab1e74dbbb8dc90cc7f48e15de9116c9c" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200234/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=0d6fb75bdcbba791351aea1760389cfb8d927f7a"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The visualization tool Omix is an editor for metabolic network diagrams and customizable visualization framework for experimental and simulative data. The novel concept of script-based visualization, several features and tailored automatisms enable innovative drawing solutions supporting researchers from life sciences in communication of results. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Visualization has become indispensable in the analysis and interpretation of data from experiment and simulation. To adequately represent the diversity of studied phenomena, it is necessary to support researchers with tools that are easy to use and allow effective data visualization with special regard to individual requirements. This contribution presents the visualization tool Omix, an editor for metabolic network diagrams and a customizable visualization framework. As an outstanding feature, data visualization is script-based. The dedicated new scripting language OVL (Omix Visualization Language) enables the user to freely design the manner data is visualized in the network. An intuitive user interface, several newly developed, domain-specific drawing automatisms as well as visualization concepts make the software Omix a mature computational tool supporting the specific requirements of researchers from systems biology and life science domains as will be demonstrated on several application examples.
The visualization tool Omix is an editor for metabolic network diagrams and customizable visualization framework for experimental and simulative data. The novel concept of script-based visualization, several features and tailored automatisms enable innovative drawing solutions supporting researchers from life sciences in communication of results. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200228" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Automatisierte Quantifizierung von Blasengrößenverteilungen in einem gerührten Luft/Wasser-SystemAutomated Quantification of Bubble Size Distributions in an Agitated Air/Water System</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200228</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Automatisierte Quantifizierung von Blasengrößenverteilungen in einem gerührten Luft/Wasser-SystemAutomated Quantification of Bubble Size Distributions in an Agitated Air/Water System</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Robert Panckow, Sebastian Maaß, Jörn Emmerich, Matthias Kraume</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-25T00:20:35.287393-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200228</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200228</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200228</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Die exakte Bestimmung der Phasengrenzfläche in Gas/flüssig-Systemen ist unabdingbar für die optimierte Prozessführung verfahrenstechnischer Anlagen. Die experimentelle Studie zeigt Untersuchungen an einem Luft/Wasser-System mittels dreier Messtechniken hinsichtlich der Bestimmung der Veränderung der Blasengröße in Abhängigkeit von der Rührerdrehfrequenz. Die äußerst präzise und selbstreferenzielle Methode der foto-optischen Analyse wird bzgl. der Bildverarbeitung näher betrachtet. Es wird gezeigt, dass die neuesten Entwicklungen im Bereich der Foto-Optik und der Bildverarbeitung wertvolle Grundlagen zur Etablierung einer präzisen Echtzeitgrößenmesstechnik geliefert haben. Dies ist notwendig, da laserbasierte Methoden nur unzureichende Prozessdaten liefern.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The exact determination of the interfacial area in gas/liquid systems is essential for optimized process performance and control. This experimental study contains investigations of air/water system using three measurement techniques with regard to determining the change in bubble size as a function of stirrer speed. The precise, self-referential method of photo-optical analysis is considered in greater detail regarding image processing. It is shown that the latest developments in the field of optics and photo imaging have provided valuable inputs to establish an accurate real-time size measurement technique. This is necessary, as laser-based methods only provide insufficient process data.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200228/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=d169ed19330de029e4cd0def7254eaefd91ac218" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200228/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=5b34fdee731b91e9e797cc06f0d37b89d1aa7abe"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Die Steuerung der Phasengrenzfläche in Gas/flüssig-Systemen gilt noch immer als ernsthafte Herausforderung. Die Studien zeigen, wie in einem begasten Rührkessel die Blasengrößenverteilungen automatisiert quantifiziert wurden. Neueste Entwicklungen der Computertechnik und Bildverarbeitung schaffen neue Möglichkeiten der Blasengrößenüberwachung. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Die exakte Bestimmung der Phasengrenzfläche in Gas/flüssig-Systemen ist unabdingbar für die optimierte Prozessführung verfahrenstechnischer Anlagen. Die experimentelle Studie zeigt Untersuchungen an einem Luft/Wasser-System mittels dreier Messtechniken hinsichtlich der Bestimmung der Veränderung der Blasengröße in Abhängigkeit von der Rührerdrehfrequenz. Die äußerst präzise und selbstreferenzielle Methode der foto-optischen Analyse wird bzgl. der Bildverarbeitung näher betrachtet. Es wird gezeigt, dass die neuesten Entwicklungen im Bereich der Foto-Optik und der Bildverarbeitung wertvolle Grundlagen zur Etablierung einer präzisen Echtzeitgrößenmesstechnik geliefert haben. Dies ist notwendig, da laserbasierte Methoden nur unzureichende Prozessdaten liefern.

The exact determination of the interfacial area in gas/liquid systems is essential for optimized process performance and control. This experimental study contains investigations of air/water system using three measurement techniques with regard to determining the change in bubble size as a function of stirrer speed. The precise, self-referential method of photo-optical analysis is considered in greater detail regarding image processing. It is shown that the latest developments in the field of optics and photo imaging have provided valuable inputs to establish an accurate real-time size measurement technique. This is necessary, as laser-based methods only provide insufficient process data.
Die Steuerung der Phasengrenzfläche in Gas/flüssig-Systemen gilt noch immer als ernsthafte Herausforderung. Die Studien zeigen, wie in einem begasten Rührkessel die Blasengrößenverteilungen automatisiert quantifiziert wurden. Neueste Entwicklungen der Computertechnik und Bildverarbeitung schaffen neue Möglichkeiten der Blasengrößenüberwachung. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200227" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Hydrodynamic Studies in Slurry Bubble Columns: Experimental and Numerical Study</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200227</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Hydrodynamic Studies in Slurry Bubble Columns: Experimental and Numerical Study</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Swapna Rabha, Markus Schubert, Uwe Hampel</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-25T00:10:56.760851-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200227</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200227</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200227</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Research Article</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>To overcome the current difficulties in designing a slurry bubble column (SBC) reactor with respect to the effect of particle properties, the influence of solid concentration (<em>C</em><sub>s</sub>) on the hydrodynamics of a SBC was studied experimentally using ultrafast electron beam X-ray tomography. The real time gas flow structure, average bubble diameter and average gas holdup as a function of the superficial gas velocity and <em>C</em><sub>s</sub> have been reported. Corresponding three-phase simulations were also performed using the Euler-Euler multi-fluid model implemented in CFX 14. The bubble size distribution was calculated using the MUSIG model. The predicted gas holdup and bubble size distribution also show dependence on <em>U</em><sub>G</sub> and <em>C</em><sub>s</sub> and agree well with the measurements.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200227/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=c849c039546759482dbad4113f572143aff92c2a" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200227/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=514160192e06291c7e63ee26a99359d7ae30a16a"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The influence of particle concentration on the gas holdup and bubble size distribution in a slurry bubble column is investigated applying the advanced non-invasive ultrafast electron beam X-ray tomography technique. Corresponding three-phase simulations are performed using the Euler-Euler multi-fluid model implemented in CFD software. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

To overcome the current difficulties in designing a slurry bubble column (SBC) reactor with respect to the effect of particle properties, the influence of solid concentration (Cs) on the hydrodynamics of a SBC was studied experimentally using ultrafast electron beam X-ray tomography. The real time gas flow structure, average bubble diameter and average gas holdup as a function of the superficial gas velocity and Cs have been reported. Corresponding three-phase simulations were also performed using the Euler-Euler multi-fluid model implemented in CFX 14. The bubble size distribution was calculated using the MUSIG model. The predicted gas holdup and bubble size distribution also show dependence on UG and Cs and agree well with the measurements.
The influence of particle concentration on the gas holdup and bubble size distribution in a slurry bubble column is investigated applying the advanced non-invasive ultrafast electron beam X-ray tomography technique. Corresponding three-phase simulations are performed using the Euler-Euler multi-fluid model implemented in CFD software. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200178" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Production of 1-Octanol from n-Octane by Pseudomonas putida KT2440</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200178</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Production of 1-Octanol from n-Octane by Pseudomonas putida KT2440</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Tobias Vallon, Matthias Glemser, Sumire Honda Malca, Daniel Scheps, Joachim Schmid, Martin Siemann-Herzberg, Bernhard Hauer, Ralf Takors</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-25T00:10:55.659552-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200178</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200178</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200178</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Research Article</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>A two-phase biotransformation process for selective hydroxylation of <em>n</em>-octane to 1-octanol via <em>Pseudomonas putida</em> KT2440 harboring heterologously expressed P450 monooxygenase from <em>Mycobacterium marinum</em> is presented. Maximum cell-specific conversion rates of 12.7 mg<sub>octanol</sub> g<sub>CDW</sub>h<sup>–1</sup> were observed not only in shaking flasks but also in 3.7-L-bioreactor studies. The bioreactor experiments were performed avoiding explosive gas mixtures by lowering volumetric power input, aeration rates and substrate concentrations. Based on a stoichiometric network of <em>P. putida</em> KT2440 topological studies were carried out. As a conclusion, potential limitations of NAD(P)H and/or ATP supply at production conditions can be excluded. Hence, the great potential of the host for further increasing conversion is outlined. </p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200178/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=ed41a43b88e5088616ec32e6947bc7738c64069a" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200178/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=96831e40162c191bcd5d8da8d860c883cc4379c0"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Two-phase biotransformation process for selective hydroxylation of <em>n</em>-octane to 1-octanol via heterologous expression of P450 monooxygenase in <em>P. putida</em> KT2440 is established under safe, industry-like bioreactor conditions. Based on topological studies potential limitations of NAD(P)H and ATP supply at production conditions could be excluded. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

A two-phase biotransformation process for selective hydroxylation of n-octane to 1-octanol via Pseudomonas putida KT2440 harboring heterologously expressed P450 monooxygenase from Mycobacterium marinum is presented. Maximum cell-specific conversion rates of 12.7 mgoctanol gCDWh–1 were observed not only in shaking flasks but also in 3.7-L-bioreactor studies. The bioreactor experiments were performed avoiding explosive gas mixtures by lowering volumetric power input, aeration rates and substrate concentrations. Based on a stoichiometric network of P. putida KT2440 topological studies were carried out. As a conclusion, potential limitations of NAD(P)H and/or ATP supply at production conditions can be excluded. Hence, the great potential of the host for further increasing conversion is outlined. 
Two-phase biotransformation process for selective hydroxylation of n-octane to 1-octanol via heterologous expression of P450 monooxygenase in P. putida KT2440 is established under safe, industry-like bioreactor conditions. Based on topological studies potential limitations of NAD(P)H and ATP supply at production conditions could be excluded. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200194" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Fermentative Produktion von Monorhamnolipiden im Pilotmaßstab – Herausforderungen der MaßstabsvergrößerungFermentative Production of Monorhamnolipids in Pilot Scale – Challenges in Scale-Up</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200194</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Fermentative Produktion von Monorhamnolipiden im Pilotmaßstab – Herausforderungen der MaßstabsvergrößerungFermentative Production of Monorhamnolipids in Pilot Scale – Challenges in Scale-Up</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Benjamin Küpper, Anika Mause, Lisa Halka, Adam Imhoff, Christian Nowacki, Rolf Wichmann</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-25T00:10:53.935463-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200194</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200194</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200194</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Die fermentative Herstellung von Biotensiden wird meist durch die exzessive Bildung von stabilem Schaum erschwert. Am Beispiel von Monorhamnolipiden werden Vorschläge sowohl zur stabilen Aufrechterhaltung von begasten und gerührten Fermentationen wie auch zur Isolierung dieser Biotenside im größeren Maßstab gegeben, da diese kommerziell nur in sehr kleinen Mengen erhältlich sind. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt dabei auf der Verwendung nachwachsender Rohstoffe.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The fermentative production of biosurfactants is usually hampered by the excessive formation of stable foam. Using the example of monorhamnolipids, proposals both for stable maintenance of gassed and stirred fermentations as well as for the isolation of these biosurfactants on a larger scale are given, as these are commercially available only in very small quantity. A special focus is on the use of renewable resources.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200194/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=108510e95368c21a434b25a59f686559c2b3347e" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200194/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=e261465981bc62ed96c303f0411588fceb57a038"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Die fermentative Herstellung von Biotensiden verbunden mit einer Maßstabsvergrößerung stellt eine große Herausforderung an Apparate, Prozessführung und Aufarbeitungstechnik dar. Am Beispiel der Produktion von Monorhamnolipiden soll auf diese Herausforderungen eingegangen und Lösungsansätze gegeben werden. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Die fermentative Herstellung von Biotensiden wird meist durch die exzessive Bildung von stabilem Schaum erschwert. Am Beispiel von Monorhamnolipiden werden Vorschläge sowohl zur stabilen Aufrechterhaltung von begasten und gerührten Fermentationen wie auch zur Isolierung dieser Biotenside im größeren Maßstab gegeben, da diese kommerziell nur in sehr kleinen Mengen erhältlich sind. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt dabei auf der Verwendung nachwachsender Rohstoffe.

The fermentative production of biosurfactants is usually hampered by the excessive formation of stable foam. Using the example of monorhamnolipids, proposals both for stable maintenance of gassed and stirred fermentations as well as for the isolation of these biosurfactants on a larger scale are given, as these are commercially available only in very small quantity. A special focus is on the use of renewable resources.
Die fermentative Herstellung von Biotensiden verbunden mit einer Maßstabsvergrößerung stellt eine große Herausforderung an Apparate, Prozessführung und Aufarbeitungstechnik dar. Am Beispiel der Produktion von Monorhamnolipiden soll auf diese Herausforderungen eingegangen und Lösungsansätze gegeben werden. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200185" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Einfluss des Wasservolumenstroms auf die Abspülwirkung von KörpernotduschenEffect of Water Flow Rate on Decontamination Efficiency of Emergency Safety Showers</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200185</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Einfluss des Wasservolumenstroms auf die Abspülwirkung von KörpernotduschenEffect of Water Flow Rate on Decontamination Efficiency of Emergency Safety Showers</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Thomas H. Brock, Volker Heil, Hermann Philipp, Ulrich Seifert, Wilfried Steffens, Kurt Timm</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-25T00:10:52.707544-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200185</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200185</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200185</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Normen für Überkopf-Personennotduschen in Laboratorien und Betrieben zum Abspülen von Gefahrstoffkontaminationen stellen Anforderungen an das Sprühbild und an den Wasservolumenstrom – bislang ohne wissenschaftlich gesicherte Grundlage. In einer praxisorientierten Untersuchung an 15 anwendungsüblichen Duschköpfen wurde die Abspülwirkung für wasserlösliche Kontaminanten bei 20 bis 110 L min<sup>–1</sup> Wasservolumenstrom untersucht. Ein Zusammenhang zwischen Wirkung und Volumenstrom konnte nicht gezeigt werden: Bei 30 L min<sup>–1</sup> Wasser ist die Abspülzeit nicht generell länger als bei wesentlich höheren Volumenströmen. Die kürzeste Abspülzeit wurde an Notduschen mit nicht-normkonformem Sprühbild gefunden.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Standards for overhead emergency safety showers used for decontamination in laboratories and production sites specify the spray pattern and the water flow rate. Up to now, there has not been a scientific basis for these requirements. The decontamination of water-soluble contaminants has been investigated using 15 customary shower heads at 20 to 110 L min<sup>–1</sup> water flow rate. A general relationship between water flow rate and decontamination effectiveness could not be established: At a flow rate of 30 L min<sup>–1</sup> the wash-off time in general did not exceed the time observed at considerably higher flow rates. The shortest decontamination time has been found with a spray pattern that does not fulfill current standards.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200185/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=5ecdbe5f2b7938e149699256048579eed4e1d0db" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200185/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=b226cee54ffaba8c8ff974c5712d65ec039d44c9"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>„Viel hilft viel” gilt nicht für Überkopf-Notduschen zur Dekontamination nach Chemikalienunfällen, wenn der Einfluss des Wasservolumenstroms auf die Abspülzeit betrachtet wird. Eine Untersuchung an 15 anwendungsüblichen Duschköpfen gibt Hinweise auf andere Einflussgrößen, die den Abspülerfolg bestimmen. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Normen für Überkopf-Personennotduschen in Laboratorien und Betrieben zum Abspülen von Gefahrstoffkontaminationen stellen Anforderungen an das Sprühbild und an den Wasservolumenstrom – bislang ohne wissenschaftlich gesicherte Grundlage. In einer praxisorientierten Untersuchung an 15 anwendungsüblichen Duschköpfen wurde die Abspülwirkung für wasserlösliche Kontaminanten bei 20 bis 110 L min–1 Wasservolumenstrom untersucht. Ein Zusammenhang zwischen Wirkung und Volumenstrom konnte nicht gezeigt werden: Bei 30 L min–1 Wasser ist die Abspülzeit nicht generell länger als bei wesentlich höheren Volumenströmen. Die kürzeste Abspülzeit wurde an Notduschen mit nicht-normkonformem Sprühbild gefunden.

Standards for overhead emergency safety showers used for decontamination in laboratories and production sites specify the spray pattern and the water flow rate. Up to now, there has not been a scientific basis for these requirements. The decontamination of water-soluble contaminants has been investigated using 15 customary shower heads at 20 to 110 L min–1 water flow rate. A general relationship between water flow rate and decontamination effectiveness could not be established: At a flow rate of 30 L min–1 the wash-off time in general did not exceed the time observed at considerably higher flow rates. The shortest decontamination time has been found with a spray pattern that does not fulfill current standards.
„Viel hilft viel” gilt nicht für Überkopf-Notduschen zur Dekontamination nach Chemikalienunfällen, wenn der Einfluss des Wasservolumenstroms auf die Abspülzeit betrachtet wird. Eine Untersuchung an 15 anwendungsüblichen Duschköpfen gibt Hinweise auf andere Einflussgrößen, die den Abspülerfolg bestimmen. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200054" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Untersuchung des Einflusses der Beanspruchungsgeschwindigkeit auf das Deformations- und Bruchverhalten von WeizenkörnernInfluence of Loading Rate on the Deformation and Fracture Behavior of Wheat Grains</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200054</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Untersuchung des Einflusses der Beanspruchungsgeschwindigkeit auf das Deformations- und Bruchverhalten von WeizenkörnernInfluence of Loading Rate on the Deformation and Fracture Behavior of Wheat Grains</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Azamat Omarov, Peter Müller, Jürgen Tomas</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-25T00:10:51.577241-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200054</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200054</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200054</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Ergebnisse der experimentellen Untersuchungen des Deformations- und Bruchverhaltens von Weizenkörnern bei verschiedenen Druckbeanspruchungen vorgestellt. Die Beanspruchungsgeschwindigkeiten lagen zwischen 0,02 und 0,11 mm s<sup>–1</sup>. Die Anwendbarkeit des Kontaktmodells des sphärischen Partikels wurde für elliptische Weizenkörner bestätigt. Die wesentlichen Kennwerte der Brucheigenschaften von Weizenkörnern wie Bruchkraft, Bruchfestigkeit, Bruchenergie, Bruchweg wurden mit Normalverteilungen beschrieben.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Compression tests of deformation and fracture behavior of wheat grains were carried out at different loading rates that varied from 0.02 to 0.11 mm s<sup>–1</sup>. The contact model originally developed for the spherical particles was adapted to describe the deformation and fracture behavior of elliptical wheat grains. The distributions of basic fracture parameters of wheat grains such as fracture force, fracture strength, fracture energy, and fracture displacement were fitted with normal distribution function.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200054/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=f7afcde35e8f8d58f168940cebd64f367c9e833c" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200054/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=ac8d4cfa78124054d7d79ac9476621889690e1f9"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Die detaillierte Untersuchung der mechanischen Eigenschaften der Einzelkörner ermöglicht es, die Physik der verfahrenstechnischen Mikroprozesse und -vorgänge zu verstehen. Wichtige Brucheigenschaften des Einzelkorns, die die Bedingungen für zuverlässigen Transport oder für Lagerung, Trocknung, Zerkleinerung liefern, wurden bei verschiedenen Beanspruchungsgeschwindigkeiten bestimmt. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Ergebnisse der experimentellen Untersuchungen des Deformations- und Bruchverhaltens von Weizenkörnern bei verschiedenen Druckbeanspruchungen vorgestellt. Die Beanspruchungsgeschwindigkeiten lagen zwischen 0,02 und 0,11 mm s–1. Die Anwendbarkeit des Kontaktmodells des sphärischen Partikels wurde für elliptische Weizenkörner bestätigt. Die wesentlichen Kennwerte der Brucheigenschaften von Weizenkörnern wie Bruchkraft, Bruchfestigkeit, Bruchenergie, Bruchweg wurden mit Normalverteilungen beschrieben.

Compression tests of deformation and fracture behavior of wheat grains were carried out at different loading rates that varied from 0.02 to 0.11 mm s–1. The contact model originally developed for the spherical particles was adapted to describe the deformation and fracture behavior of elliptical wheat grains. The distributions of basic fracture parameters of wheat grains such as fracture force, fracture strength, fracture energy, and fracture displacement were fitted with normal distribution function.
Die detaillierte Untersuchung der mechanischen Eigenschaften der Einzelkörner ermöglicht es, die Physik der verfahrenstechnischen Mikroprozesse und -vorgänge zu verstehen. Wichtige Brucheigenschaften des Einzelkorns, die die Bedingungen für zuverlässigen Transport oder für Lagerung, Trocknung, Zerkleinerung liefern, wurden bei verschiedenen Beanspruchungsgeschwindigkeiten bestimmt. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200225" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Numerical Solutions of Population Balance Equations within Liquid/Gas-Liquid Flow Simulations</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200225</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Numerical Solutions of Population Balance Equations within Liquid/Gas-Liquid Flow Simulations</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Evren Bayraktar, Otto Mierka, Stefan Turek</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-25T00:10:50.549855-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200225</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200225</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200225</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Communication</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Numerical solvers based on population balance equations (PBE) coupled with flow equations are a promising approach to simulate liquid/gas-liquid dispersed flows, which are very commonly observed in nature and in industrial processes. The challenges for the numerical solution of the coupled equation systems are discussed and detailed numerical recipes are presented whose main ingredients are the method of classes, positivity-preserving linearization and the high-order FEM-AFC schemes, additional to the FeatFlow in-house flow solver package. Liquid-liquid flows through static mixers and dispersed phase systems in a flat bubble column are studied with the accordingly developed computational tool. The suggested recipes were validated by comparing the numerical results against experimental data.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200225/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=2ba39258ed4268ffa0e3bd3556ef8cca86fec2f3" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200225/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=3fea840e890d2ee84580363735e86e6db86f6401"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The state of the art on the numerical simulation of liquid/gas-liquid dispersed flows with population balance equations coupled to computational fluid dynamics, and the related numerical challenges are explained. A novel approach is presented to numerically simulate bubbly flows at moderate gas holdups. The suggested recipes are validated with experimental data. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Numerical solvers based on population balance equations (PBE) coupled with flow equations are a promising approach to simulate liquid/gas-liquid dispersed flows, which are very commonly observed in nature and in industrial processes. The challenges for the numerical solution of the coupled equation systems are discussed and detailed numerical recipes are presented whose main ingredients are the method of classes, positivity-preserving linearization and the high-order FEM-AFC schemes, additional to the FeatFlow in-house flow solver package. Liquid-liquid flows through static mixers and dispersed phase systems in a flat bubble column are studied with the accordingly developed computational tool. The suggested recipes were validated by comparing the numerical results against experimental data.
The state of the art on the numerical simulation of liquid/gas-liquid dispersed flows with population balance equations coupled to computational fluid dynamics, and the related numerical challenges are explained. A novel approach is presented to numerically simulate bubbly flows at moderate gas holdups. The suggested recipes are validated with experimental data. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200168" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Infrarotspektroskopie mit ATR-Sonden-MesstechnikInfrared Spectroscopy Using ATR Probe Technology</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200168</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Infrarotspektroskopie mit ATR-Sonden-MesstechnikInfrared Spectroscopy Using ATR Probe Technology</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Stephan Lüttjohann</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-25T00:10:47.15094-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200168</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200168</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200168</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Wissenschaftliche Kurzmitteilung</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Infrarotspektroskopie ist eine aussagekräftige Analysemethode, die auf charakteristischen Absorptionen von infraroter Strahlung bei der Anregung von Molekülschwingungen beruht. Gerade im Bereich zwischen 400 – 4000 cm<sup>–1</sup> ergeben sich stark ausgeprägte Absorptionsbanden, die die Identifikation von Molekülen und Molekülgruppen möglich machen. Die hohe Absorptionsstärke erfordert für Transmissionsmessungen erhöhte Probenpräparation. So können nur Schichtdicken von wenigen Mikrometern verwendet werden. Bei der abgeschwächten Totalreflexion (ATR) sind solche Anstrengungen dagegen nicht erforderlich. Hier ist es ausreichend, beispielsweise eine Flüssigkeit in Kontakt mit einem ATR-Kristall zu bringen. ATR-Messsonden ermöglichen es, diese einfache Technik auch zur Online-Überwachung an chemischen Reaktoren einzusetzen.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Infrared spectroscopy is a significant technique of analysis, based on the characteristic absorptions of infrared radiation by molecules. This leads, especially in the mid-infrared between 400 and 4000 cm<sup>–1</sup>, to strong distinctive absorption bands which allow the identification of molecules and molecular groups. The large strength of absorption demands an extensive sample preparation for measurements in transmission. Sample layer thicknesses of some micrometers have to be realized. In the measurement geometry of attenuated total reflection (ATR), however, these efforts are not necessary. In this case it is sufficient to drop some liquid, e.g., onto an ATR crystal. ATR probes make it possible to use this simple technique also for online monitoring of chemical reactors.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200168/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=83c4c1e5a32ec29dbf85a3e166f119b93fc1e419" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200168/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=8d03c7e4a5514e7a172a2d976bfdb170f568fec9"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>ATR-Sonden ermöglichen eine einfache Aufnahme von Infrarotspektren ohne Probenvorbehandlung und eignen sich daher ideal für eine Online-Verfolgung von chemischen Reaktionen. Die physikalischen Grundlagen der ATR-Spektroskopie werden vorgestellt, mögliche Konfigurationen einer Messsonde diskutiert und anhand einer Beispielreaktion Messergebnisse gezeigt. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Infrarotspektroskopie ist eine aussagekräftige Analysemethode, die auf charakteristischen Absorptionen von infraroter Strahlung bei der Anregung von Molekülschwingungen beruht. Gerade im Bereich zwischen 400 – 4000 cm–1 ergeben sich stark ausgeprägte Absorptionsbanden, die die Identifikation von Molekülen und Molekülgruppen möglich machen. Die hohe Absorptionsstärke erfordert für Transmissionsmessungen erhöhte Probenpräparation. So können nur Schichtdicken von wenigen Mikrometern verwendet werden. Bei der abgeschwächten Totalreflexion (ATR) sind solche Anstrengungen dagegen nicht erforderlich. Hier ist es ausreichend, beispielsweise eine Flüssigkeit in Kontakt mit einem ATR-Kristall zu bringen. ATR-Messsonden ermöglichen es, diese einfache Technik auch zur Online-Überwachung an chemischen Reaktoren einzusetzen.

Infrared spectroscopy is a significant technique of analysis, based on the characteristic absorptions of infrared radiation by molecules. This leads, especially in the mid-infrared between 400 and 4000 cm–1, to strong distinctive absorption bands which allow the identification of molecules and molecular groups. The large strength of absorption demands an extensive sample preparation for measurements in transmission. Sample layer thicknesses of some micrometers have to be realized. In the measurement geometry of attenuated total reflection (ATR), however, these efforts are not necessary. In this case it is sufficient to drop some liquid, e.g., onto an ATR crystal. ATR probes make it possible to use this simple technique also for online monitoring of chemical reactors.
ATR-Sonden ermöglichen eine einfache Aufnahme von Infrarotspektren ohne Probenvorbehandlung und eignen sich daher ideal für eine Online-Verfolgung von chemischen Reaktionen. Die physikalischen Grundlagen der ATR-Spektroskopie werden vorgestellt, mögliche Konfigurationen einer Messsonde diskutiert und anhand einer Beispielreaktion Messergebnisse gezeigt. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200099" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Messung des pH-Werts in der BiotechnologieDetermination of pH Value in Biotechnology</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200099</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Messung des pH-Werts in der BiotechnologieDetermination of pH Value in Biotechnology</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Steffen Henkel, Sascha Beutel</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-17T06:10:16.732617-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200099</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200099</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200099</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Übersichtsbeitrag</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Die gängigsten Messmethoden zur Bestimmung des pH-Werts sind elektrochemischer oder optischer Natur. Als Messsysteme sind dabei besonders die Glaselektrode oder aber der pH-Teststreifen jedem Anwender geläufig. Daneben existieren aber auch weitere Messprinzipien für speziellere Anwendungen z. B. zur pH-Bestimmung in Geweben, Pasten oder unter extremen Prozessbedingungen. Zudem gibt es Methoden wie die pH-Messung mithilfe der NMR, die allein aufgrund des apparativen Aufwands über ein Nischendasein nicht herauskommen werden. Die verschiedenen Methoden zur pH-Bestimmung werden vorgestellt und ihre Vor- und Nachteile diskutiert. </p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The most used measuring principles for the determination of the pH are of electrochemical and optical nature. As measuring system glass electrodes and indicator papers are known by every user. Beside this there are further measuring principles for special applications for example the pH determination in tissues, pastes or under extreme process conditions. Furthermore there are methods like NMR for pH-measurement, which will always relegate to a niche existence because of their complex and expensive apparatus. This article gives an overview of the different available methods and discusses potential applications. </p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200099/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=9de7db61c13abf99e8397ca21946908ccefd003d" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200099/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=5584044c5da99da8ab894216ee1442b661563916"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Dieser Übersichtsartikel stellt die unterschiedlichsten Messprinzipien zur Bestimmung des pH-Werts dar. Betrachtet werden dabei elektrochemische Methoden, wie die Glas- oder die Kalomelelektrode, optische Methoden wie Indikatorteststreifen oder Optoden, bis hin zu weiteren Methoden wie NMR. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Die gängigsten Messmethoden zur Bestimmung des pH-Werts sind elektrochemischer oder optischer Natur. Als Messsysteme sind dabei besonders die Glaselektrode oder aber der pH-Teststreifen jedem Anwender geläufig. Daneben existieren aber auch weitere Messprinzipien für speziellere Anwendungen z. B. zur pH-Bestimmung in Geweben, Pasten oder unter extremen Prozessbedingungen. Zudem gibt es Methoden wie die pH-Messung mithilfe der NMR, die allein aufgrund des apparativen Aufwands über ein Nischendasein nicht herauskommen werden. Die verschiedenen Methoden zur pH-Bestimmung werden vorgestellt und ihre Vor- und Nachteile diskutiert. 

The most used measuring principles for the determination of the pH are of electrochemical and optical nature. As measuring system glass electrodes and indicator papers are known by every user. Beside this there are further measuring principles for special applications for example the pH determination in tissues, pastes or under extreme process conditions. Furthermore there are methods like NMR for pH-measurement, which will always relegate to a niche existence because of their complex and expensive apparatus. This article gives an overview of the different available methods and discusses potential applications. 
Dieser Übersichtsartikel stellt die unterschiedlichsten Messprinzipien zur Bestimmung des pH-Werts dar. Betrachtet werden dabei elektrochemische Methoden, wie die Glas- oder die Kalomelelektrode, optische Methoden wie Indikatorteststreifen oder Optoden, bis hin zu weiteren Methoden wie NMR. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201300008" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Biocatalytic Production of Chemical Building Blocks in Technical Scale with α-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenases</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201300008</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Biocatalytic Production of Chemical Building Blocks in Technical Scale with α-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenases</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Wolfgang Hüttel</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-17T06:10:10.310163-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201300008</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201300008</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201300008</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Review</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Due to the low reactivity of CH bonds and often low regio- and stereoselectivities, CH activations rank among the most challenging reactions in synthetic organic chemistry. In contrast, in nature CH functionalizations are integral part of numerous biosyntheses, especially of secondary metabolites. In aerobic organisms these reactions are typically catalyzed by oxygenases, among which the cytochrome P450 monooxygenases are the most prominent. A second large group are the α-ketoglutarate- (αKG) dependent dioxygenases, whose enormous synthetic potential has been discovered only recently. Although the utilization of oxygenases for organic synthesis is most desirable, their technical application is limited, because they are usually difficult to process. With αKG-dependent dioxygenases some of the problems can be reduced or even avoided. In this article some prominent examples for approaches with αKG-dependent dioxygenases are reviewed and efforts to engineer a deacetoxycephalosporin synthase are discussed.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201300008/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=50af06449bfb5e846fc5a7e56c03d9f317056609" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201300008/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=a4395125f45cd65ba91425cf7ab8e82a0a74b459"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>In addition to the well-known P450 monooxygenases, α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases have a great potential for the catalysis of regio- and stereoselective CH-functionalizations even at the industrial scale. In this review the most important approaches for the application of this as yet scarcely employed group of enzymes are discussed. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Due to the low reactivity of CH bonds and often low regio- and stereoselectivities, CH activations rank among the most challenging reactions in synthetic organic chemistry. In contrast, in nature CH functionalizations are integral part of numerous biosyntheses, especially of secondary metabolites. In aerobic organisms these reactions are typically catalyzed by oxygenases, among which the cytochrome P450 monooxygenases are the most prominent. A second large group are the α-ketoglutarate- (αKG) dependent dioxygenases, whose enormous synthetic potential has been discovered only recently. Although the utilization of oxygenases for organic synthesis is most desirable, their technical application is limited, because they are usually difficult to process. With αKG-dependent dioxygenases some of the problems can be reduced or even avoided. In this article some prominent examples for approaches with αKG-dependent dioxygenases are reviewed and efforts to engineer a deacetoxycephalosporin synthase are discussed.
In addition to the well-known P450 monooxygenases, α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases have a great potential for the catalysis of regio- and stereoselective CH-functionalizations even at the industrial scale. In this review the most important approaches for the application of this as yet scarcely employed group of enzymes are discussed. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200196" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Diffusion of Small Gas Bubbles into Liquid Studied by the Rotary Chamber Technique</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200196</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Diffusion of Small Gas Bubbles into Liquid Studied by the Rotary Chamber Technique</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Marius Nüllig, Franz Peters</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-15T06:10:03.917237-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200196</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200196</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200196</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Research Article</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The rotary chamber technique is capable of observing small levitated bubbles in liquid for various research purposes. The present paper focuses on diffusion of a small spherical bubble into undersaturated water. The decaying bubble size is recorded in time by image processing. The results are plotted as Sherwood versus Reynolds number where the Schmidt number is of order 300. Similarity is found for each of four gases in water. The boundary layer prediction <span class="math"><img alt="equation image" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200196/asset/equation/tex2gif-ueqn-1.gif?v=1&amp;s=11e20728661c6487580b4d236e71bd9447f1a58f" class="inlineGraphic"/></span> is confirmed in general. A physically accountable model provides a good representation of results.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200196/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=5c7c82ff186dca8ca5c3d728480f2e4ee43c47fd" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200196/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=527d88845f57b0bfb427e794cee6c42278564c36"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Diffusion of small gas bubbles into unsaturated water is studied for four gases. Rotary chamber technique allows investigating bubble size vs. time by a CCD camera. The results are plotted dimensionless by Sherwood vs. Reynolds number. The boundary layer theory can be confirmed. A physically accountable model is specified. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

The rotary chamber technique is capable of observing small levitated bubbles in liquid for various research purposes. The present paper focuses on diffusion of a small spherical bubble into undersaturated water. The decaying bubble size is recorded in time by image processing. The results are plotted as Sherwood versus Reynolds number where the Schmidt number is of order 300. Similarity is found for each of four gases in water. The boundary layer prediction $ {\text Sh} \propto {\sqrt {\text {Re}}} $ is confirmed in general. A physically accountable model provides a good representation of results.
Diffusion of small gas bubbles into unsaturated water is studied for four gases. Rotary chamber technique allows investigating bubble size vs. time by a CCD camera. The results are plotted dimensionless by Sherwood vs. Reynolds number. The boundary layer theory can be confirmed. A physically accountable model is specified. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200200" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Influence of Initial pH Values on the Lag Phase of Escherichia coli and Bacillus licheniformis Batch Cultures</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200200</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Influence of Initial pH Values on the Lag Phase of Escherichia coli and Bacillus licheniformis Batch Cultures</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Thomas G. Palmen, Marco Scheidle, Robert Huber, Claudia Kamerke, Anja Wilming, Barbara Dittrich, Doris Klee, Jochen Büchs</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-11T07:11:44.451786-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200200</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200200</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200200</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Research Article</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Robust and reproducible processes are necessary to achieve a constant and high quality of biotechnological products. Thus, suitable online measurement systems and an increased understanding of the parameters influencing the process are required. In this study, two online measurement devices were used to detect the influence of the initial pH value on the lag phase of three <em>E. coli</em> and one <em>B. licheniformis</em> strains cultivated in buffered mineral media. It was shown that the initial pH value, the type of buffer and its concentration have to be carefully chosen to avoid differences in the lag phase, unsuitable pH values during the cultivation, and osmotically inhibiting high buffer concentrations.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200200/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=95b76d74d5a01ffd485f0bbe3bed8ff5d8ca45f0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200200/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=13f995d3192e58aca0be72f2d8b8c99f41921fbd"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>For a robust and reproducible process with constant and high quality products, the factors influencing the cultivation have to be determined. Here, the influence of the pH value on the lag phase of three <em>E. coli </em>and one <em>B. licheniformis </em>strain cultivated in shaken bioreactors with buffered mineral medium was studied with online measurement systems. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Robust and reproducible processes are necessary to achieve a constant and high quality of biotechnological products. Thus, suitable online measurement systems and an increased understanding of the parameters influencing the process are required. In this study, two online measurement devices were used to detect the influence of the initial pH value on the lag phase of three E. coli and one B. licheniformis strains cultivated in buffered mineral media. It was shown that the initial pH value, the type of buffer and its concentration have to be carefully chosen to avoid differences in the lag phase, unsuitable pH values during the cultivation, and osmotically inhibiting high buffer concentrations.
For a robust and reproducible process with constant and high quality products, the factors influencing the cultivation have to be determined. Here, the influence of the pH value on the lag phase of three E. coli and one B. licheniformis strain cultivated in shaken bioreactors with buffered mineral medium was studied with online measurement systems. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201300007" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Hydrodynamik in HochdruckblasensäulenHydrodynamics of High Pressure Bubble Columns</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201300007</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Hydrodynamik in HochdruckblasensäulenHydrodynamics of High Pressure Bubble Columns</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Philipp Rollbusch, Martin Tuinier, Marc Becker, Martina Ludwig, Marcus Grünewald, Robert Franke</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-11T07:11:43.334116-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201300007</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201300007</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201300007</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Wissenschaftliche Kurzmitteilung</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Die Hydrodynamik einer Blasensäule beeinflusst Größen wie Umsatz, Selektivität und Ausbeute einer Reaktion. Besondere Bedeutung erlangen die Rückvermischung der flüssigen Phase und der Gehalt an disperser Gasphase. Zur Ermittlung dieser Parameter steht eine Vielzahl an Korrelationen in der Literatur zur Verfügung. Diese Korrelationen wurden oftmals von Versuchsanlagen im Labormaßstab abgeleitet, die nicht unter industriell relevanten Bedingungen betrieben wurden. In diesem Beitrag wird der Stand der vorhandenen Untersuchungen an Blasensäulen hinsichtlich Gasgehalt und Dispersion unter erhöhtem Druck dargestellt und eine Empfehlung für weiterführende Untersuchungen gegeben.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Bubble column hydrodynamics influence important performance parameters like conversion, selectivity and yield of a chemical reaction. Backmixing of the liquid phase and gas holdup are thereby of particular importance. In order to determine these parameters, a number of correlations exist within the literature. These correlations are mainly derived from small scale equipment operated at atmospheric conditions by the use of the physical system air/water. Published experimental results regarding gas holdups and dispersion in bubble columns operated under high pressure are discussed and a recommendation for further research is given.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201300007/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=7377e17c732cb1e70f818705219eb36ad67472ca" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201300007/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=972020bb9a47f4e0ee0e82db2d09180694c65dc6"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Blasensäulen werden in zahlreichen Feldern der industriellen Produktion angewendet. Dennoch existieren nur wenige unter industriellen Bedingungen durchgeführte Untersuchungen hinsichtlich der Hydrodynamik dieser Apparate. Ein Überblick über vorhandene Arbeiten zur Beschreibung von Blasensäulen unter Hochdruckbedingungen wird gegeben. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Die Hydrodynamik einer Blasensäule beeinflusst Größen wie Umsatz, Selektivität und Ausbeute einer Reaktion. Besondere Bedeutung erlangen die Rückvermischung der flüssigen Phase und der Gehalt an disperser Gasphase. Zur Ermittlung dieser Parameter steht eine Vielzahl an Korrelationen in der Literatur zur Verfügung. Diese Korrelationen wurden oftmals von Versuchsanlagen im Labormaßstab abgeleitet, die nicht unter industriell relevanten Bedingungen betrieben wurden. In diesem Beitrag wird der Stand der vorhandenen Untersuchungen an Blasensäulen hinsichtlich Gasgehalt und Dispersion unter erhöhtem Druck dargestellt und eine Empfehlung für weiterführende Untersuchungen gegeben.

Bubble column hydrodynamics influence important performance parameters like conversion, selectivity and yield of a chemical reaction. Backmixing of the liquid phase and gas holdup are thereby of particular importance. In order to determine these parameters, a number of correlations exist within the literature. These correlations are mainly derived from small scale equipment operated at atmospheric conditions by the use of the physical system air/water. Published experimental results regarding gas holdups and dispersion in bubble columns operated under high pressure are discussed and a recommendation for further research is given.
Blasensäulen werden in zahlreichen Feldern der industriellen Produktion angewendet. Dennoch existieren nur wenige unter industriellen Bedingungen durchgeführte Untersuchungen hinsichtlich der Hydrodynamik dieser Apparate. Ein Überblick über vorhandene Arbeiten zur Beschreibung von Blasensäulen unter Hochdruckbedingungen wird gegeben. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200229" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>A Practical Modular Course of Combinatorial and High-Throughput Methods for Use in Academic Teaching Laboratories</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200229</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">A Practical Modular Course of Combinatorial and High-Throughput Methods for Use in Academic Teaching Laboratories</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Klaus Stöwe, Florian Ausfelder</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-03T05:10:20.716979-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200229</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200229</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200229</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Research Article</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Combinatorial and high-throughput methods are increasingly common in industrial research. Academic institutions are often unable to afford the equipment necessary and to provide the maintenance required for permanent operation. Teaching is often more constrained by budget than by research topics. This article describes a modular course that has been designed to allow an affordable implementation of combinatorial and high-throughput experiments in academic teaching laboratories. Currently, the course consists of five experimental modules and has already been successfully taught on two occasions.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200229/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=c1f4c3a8907829294738cf6127b56de3cc943bae" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200229/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=4ba6352b12d71ed923c5bc6d731f2368063c1ce6"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>High-throughput methods are nowadays commonplace in industrial research, but not in academic teaching. The presented cost-conscious, modular course enables academic institutions to integrate practical teaching in combinatorial and high-throughput methods into existing laboratory courses. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Combinatorial and high-throughput methods are increasingly common in industrial research. Academic institutions are often unable to afford the equipment necessary and to provide the maintenance required for permanent operation. Teaching is often more constrained by budget than by research topics. This article describes a modular course that has been designed to allow an affordable implementation of combinatorial and high-throughput experiments in academic teaching laboratories. Currently, the course consists of five experimental modules and has already been successfully taught on two occasions.
High-throughput methods are nowadays commonplace in industrial research, but not in academic teaching. The presented cost-conscious, modular course enables academic institutions to integrate practical teaching in combinatorial and high-throughput methods into existing laboratory courses. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200098" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Design von pulverförmigen und granularen WaschmittelnDesign of Powder and Granular Laundry Detergents</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200098</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Design von pulverförmigen und granularen WaschmittelnDesign of Powder and Granular Laundry Detergents</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Wilfried Rähse</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-03T05:10:18.462133-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200098</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200098</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200098</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Übersichtsbeitrag</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>In den letzten fünfzig Jahren sind die pulverförmigen und granularen Waschmittel in der Leistung und in der Ökologie deutlich verbessert worden: viel konzentrierter (weniger Chemie), abbaubare Tenside, keine Phosphate, geringerer Wasser- und Energieverbrauch. Der Einsatz von optimierten Enzymen sowie von Bleichkraftverstärkern erlaubte das Absenken der Waschtemperaturen und die Beseitigung natürlicher Anschmutzungen. Die Herstellung fester Waschmittel erfolgt entweder in Sprühtürmen ohne und mit Kompaktierungsstufe oder in Non-Tower-Granulieranlagen. Die neueste Generation eines Granulationsprozesses mit integrierter Mahltrocknung ermöglicht die Produktion von kugelförmigen Partikeln, die einstellbar klein oder groß, leicht oder schwer sein können. Die weitere Rezepturentwicklung geht in Richtung Tieftemperatur-Waschmittel.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>In the last fifty years, powder and granular detergents have been significantly improved in performance and ecology: more concentrated (less chemicals), biodegradable surfactants, no phosphates, reduced water and energy consumption. The use of optimized enzymes and bleaching boosters enables lowered wash temperatures and the removal of natural stains. The production of solid detergents runs either in spray towers without and with compaction step, or in a non-tower agglomeration plant. The latest generation of granulation with an integrated mill for simultaneous drying and grinding allows the production of spherical particles, which can be adjusted (small or large, heavy or light). Future formulations will enable lower washing temperatures.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200098/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=d58a9ca81f5a1d4cec8b86d6bebb76992157c0e4" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200098/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=4a6573835f11a1a4ef12419ad1b128f4f13e2fde"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Feste Waschmittel werden in Sprühtürmen ohne und mit Kompaktierungsstufe oder in Non-Tower-Granulieranlagen hergestellt. Die neueste Generation eines Granulationsprozesses mit integrierter Mahltrocknung ermöglicht die Produktion von kugelförmigen Partikeln einstellbarer Größe. Verschiedene Aspekte des Produktdesigns von Waschmitteln werden diskutiert. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

In den letzten fünfzig Jahren sind die pulverförmigen und granularen Waschmittel in der Leistung und in der Ökologie deutlich verbessert worden: viel konzentrierter (weniger Chemie), abbaubare Tenside, keine Phosphate, geringerer Wasser- und Energieverbrauch. Der Einsatz von optimierten Enzymen sowie von Bleichkraftverstärkern erlaubte das Absenken der Waschtemperaturen und die Beseitigung natürlicher Anschmutzungen. Die Herstellung fester Waschmittel erfolgt entweder in Sprühtürmen ohne und mit Kompaktierungsstufe oder in Non-Tower-Granulieranlagen. Die neueste Generation eines Granulationsprozesses mit integrierter Mahltrocknung ermöglicht die Produktion von kugelförmigen Partikeln, die einstellbar klein oder groß, leicht oder schwer sein können. Die weitere Rezepturentwicklung geht in Richtung Tieftemperatur-Waschmittel.

In the last fifty years, powder and granular detergents have been significantly improved in performance and ecology: more concentrated (less chemicals), biodegradable surfactants, no phosphates, reduced water and energy consumption. The use of optimized enzymes and bleaching boosters enables lowered wash temperatures and the removal of natural stains. The production of solid detergents runs either in spray towers without and with compaction step, or in a non-tower agglomeration plant. The latest generation of granulation with an integrated mill for simultaneous drying and grinding allows the production of spherical particles, which can be adjusted (small or large, heavy or light). Future formulations will enable lower washing temperatures.
Feste Waschmittel werden in Sprühtürmen ohne und mit Kompaktierungsstufe oder in Non-Tower-Granulieranlagen hergestellt. Die neueste Generation eines Granulationsprozesses mit integrierter Mahltrocknung ermöglicht die Produktion von kugelförmigen Partikeln einstellbarer Größe. Verschiedene Aspekte des Produktdesigns von Waschmitteln werden diskutiert. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200210" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Biokatalytische Synthesen tertiärer AlkoholeBiocatalytic Syntheses of Tertiary Alcohols</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200210</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Biokatalytische Synthesen tertiärer AlkoholeBiocatalytic Syntheses of Tertiary Alcohols</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Michael Müller</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-02T05:35:02.142367-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200210</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200210</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200210</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Übersichtsbeitrag</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Tertiäre Alkohole finden sich als Strukturmerkmal in einer Vielzahl von pharmazeutischen Wirkstoffen und Naturstoffen. Die Biosynthese dieser Naturstoffe bietet somit prinzipiell eine gute Möglichkeit zur Identifikation geeigneter enzymatischer Verfahren zur Darstellung enantiomerenreiner oder -angereicherter tertiärer Alkohole. Bislang konnten hierfür aber nur relativ wenige enzymatische Methoden in biotechnologische Verfahren umgesetzt werden. Im Gegensatz zur enzymatischen asymmetrischen Synthese chiraler sekundärer Alkohole, die effizient und hoch selektiv durch Reduktion prochiraler Ketone in hohen Ausbeuten bei gleichzeitig breiten Substrat- und Enzymspektren erfolgt, gibt es bislang kein allgemein anwendbares Verfahren für die Synthese tertiärer Alkohole. In dem Artikel wird eine Zusammenfassung der bislang identifizierten biokatalytischen Methoden gegeben. Zudem erfolgt eine kritische Diskussion dieser Verfahren im Hinblick auf mögliche biotechnologische Anwendungen.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Tertiary alcohols are found as a motif in many pharmaceuticals and natural products. Elucidation of their biosynthesis is thus a good starting point for the identification of enzymes for the synthesis of chiral tertiary alcohols. To date, however, relatively few enzymatic methods for such syntheses have been established in biotechnological processes. Whereas secondary alcohols can be efficiently synthesized via the (asymmetric) reduction of ketones, a generally applicable method for the enzymatic synthesis of tertiary alcohols has been more difficult to identify. Herein, a survey of the biocatalytic methods for the synthesis of (chiral) tertiary alcohols is presented. Advantages and disadvantages of the respective methods are discussed from a synthetic point of view.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200210/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=6e2666f595de56d0897127021bc2f8d27d28e814" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200210/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=7a361dc298ac5828b762d9d12f3937189eb50d2e"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Für die enzymatische Herstellung tertiärer Alkoholfunktionen in Natur- und pharmazeutischen Wirkstoffen fehlt es bislang an allgemein anwendbaren, biotechnologischen Verfahren. Bereits identifizierte biokatalytische Methoden werden vorgestellt und ihre Vor- und Nachteile bezüglich möglicher Anwendungen diskutiert.  </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Tertiäre Alkohole finden sich als Strukturmerkmal in einer Vielzahl von pharmazeutischen Wirkstoffen und Naturstoffen. Die Biosynthese dieser Naturstoffe bietet somit prinzipiell eine gute Möglichkeit zur Identifikation geeigneter enzymatischer Verfahren zur Darstellung enantiomerenreiner oder -angereicherter tertiärer Alkohole. Bislang konnten hierfür aber nur relativ wenige enzymatische Methoden in biotechnologische Verfahren umgesetzt werden. Im Gegensatz zur enzymatischen asymmetrischen Synthese chiraler sekundärer Alkohole, die effizient und hoch selektiv durch Reduktion prochiraler Ketone in hohen Ausbeuten bei gleichzeitig breiten Substrat- und Enzymspektren erfolgt, gibt es bislang kein allgemein anwendbares Verfahren für die Synthese tertiärer Alkohole. In dem Artikel wird eine Zusammenfassung der bislang identifizierten biokatalytischen Methoden gegeben. Zudem erfolgt eine kritische Diskussion dieser Verfahren im Hinblick auf mögliche biotechnologische Anwendungen.

Tertiary alcohols are found as a motif in many pharmaceuticals and natural products. Elucidation of their biosynthesis is thus a good starting point for the identification of enzymes for the synthesis of chiral tertiary alcohols. To date, however, relatively few enzymatic methods for such syntheses have been established in biotechnological processes. Whereas secondary alcohols can be efficiently synthesized via the (asymmetric) reduction of ketones, a generally applicable method for the enzymatic synthesis of tertiary alcohols has been more difficult to identify. Herein, a survey of the biocatalytic methods for the synthesis of (chiral) tertiary alcohols is presented. Advantages and disadvantages of the respective methods are discussed from a synthetic point of view.
Für die enzymatische Herstellung tertiärer Alkoholfunktionen in Natur- und pharmazeutischen Wirkstoffen fehlt es bislang an allgemein anwendbaren, biotechnologischen Verfahren. Bereits identifizierte biokatalytische Methoden werden vorgestellt und ihre Vor- und Nachteile bezüglich möglicher Anwendungen diskutiert.  






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200105" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Untersuchung von Kraftstoffdampf-Rückhaltesystemen bei Einsatz von ethanolhaltigen BiokraftstoffenInvestigation of Evaporative Emissions Restraint Systems for Bioethanol-Fuel Blends</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200105</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Untersuchung von Kraftstoffdampf-Rückhaltesystemen bei Einsatz von ethanolhaltigen BiokraftstoffenInvestigation of Evaporative Emissions Restraint Systems for Bioethanol-Fuel Blends</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Eva Schieferstein, Stefan Schlüter, Torsten Hennig, Karl Meller, Marcus Lange, Andreas Möller</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-03-27T04:20:06.083566-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200105</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200105</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200105</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Kraftstoffdampfrückhaltesysteme (KDRS) werden in Fahrzeugen eingesetzt, um die Emissionen leichtflüchtiger Kohlenwasserstoffe in die Atmosphäre zu verhindern. Bis 2020 sollen 10 % der Kraftstoffe durch Biokraftstoffe ersetzt werden, wobei Bioethanol eine entscheidende Rolle spielt. In dieser Arbeit wird die Funktionstüchtigkeit von KDRS bei Verwendung von Bioethanol/Kraftstoff-Gemischen untersucht. Hierzu werden Aktivkohlen, die bereits in KDRS eingesetzt werden, getestet. Erhaltene Ergebnisse und Messdaten fließen in ein mathematisches Modell ein, das die Funktionsweise von KDRS in Abhängigkeit der Bioethanol/Kraftstoff-Zusammensetzung simuliert.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Fuel vapor restraint systems are used in vehicles to avoid discharge of volatile hydrocarbons from fuel tanks. Until 2020 nearly 10 % of all fossil fuels shall be replaced by biofuels upon which bioethanol plays an important role. The topic of this article is the proper operation of fuel vapor restraint systems depending on the composition of bioethanol-fuel blends. As a first step, activated carbons commonly used in fuel restraint systems are tested. Received results and measured data serve as input for a mathematical model with the intention to simulate the performance of fuel vapor restraint systems depending on bioethanol-fuel composition.</p></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Kraftstoffdampfrückhaltesysteme (KDRS) werden in Fahrzeugen eingesetzt, um die Emissionen leichtflüchtiger Kohlenwasserstoffe in die Atmosphäre zu verhindern. Bis 2020 sollen 10 % der Kraftstoffe durch Biokraftstoffe ersetzt werden, wobei Bioethanol eine entscheidende Rolle spielt. In dieser Arbeit wird die Funktionstüchtigkeit von KDRS bei Verwendung von Bioethanol/Kraftstoff-Gemischen untersucht. Hierzu werden Aktivkohlen, die bereits in KDRS eingesetzt werden, getestet. Erhaltene Ergebnisse und Messdaten fließen in ein mathematisches Modell ein, das die Funktionsweise von KDRS in Abhängigkeit der Bioethanol/Kraftstoff-Zusammensetzung simuliert.

Fuel vapor restraint systems are used in vehicles to avoid discharge of volatile hydrocarbons from fuel tanks. Until 2020 nearly 10 % of all fossil fuels shall be replaced by biofuels upon which bioethanol plays an important role. The topic of this article is the proper operation of fuel vapor restraint systems depending on the composition of bioethanol-fuel blends. As a first step, activated carbons commonly used in fuel restraint systems are tested. Received results and measured data serve as input for a mathematical model with the intention to simulate the performance of fuel vapor restraint systems depending on bioethanol-fuel composition.
</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200092" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Synthese von porösen Kohlenstoffmonolithen unter Verwendung von Porenbeton als TemplatSynthesis of Porous Carbon Monoliths by Using Porous Concrete as Template</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200092</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Synthese von porösen Kohlenstoffmonolithen unter Verwendung von Porenbeton als TemplatSynthesis of Porous Carbon Monoliths by Using Porous Concrete as Template</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">David Günther, Olaf Klepel</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-03-13T04:20:15.1564-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200092</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200092</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200092</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Wissenschaftliche Kurzmitteilung</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Über eine templatgestützte Methode wurden hochporöse Kohlenstoffmonolithe unter Verwendung von Porenbeton als Templat hergestellt. Aufgrund der guten mechanischen Bearbeitbarkeit von Porenbeton lassen sich poröse Kohlenstoffmonolithe in vielfältiger Form synthetisieren. Die Porenweitenverteilung der erhaltenen Monolithe erstreckt sich vom Mikro- bis zum Makroporenbereich. Derartige Materialien stellen eine vielversprechende Basis für die Entwicklung von technischen Komponenten für den Einsatz in Adsorption oder Katalyse dar.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Porous carbon monoliths have been prepared by template assisted routes using porous concrete as the template. Due to its good workability, porous concrete is a suitable template to produce carbon monoliths with defined shape. The pore widths of the obtained monoliths are distributed over a broad range from the micropore to the macropore region. Such materials are a promising base for developing construction components which can be applied in adsorption devices or catalytic systems.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200092/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=b338f5fec21d4851c71f676f48b554a1cb2b470b" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200092/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=2f2d5bf2204098678e18cd0a1cd3255f6d4e0085"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Hochporöse Kohlenstoffmonolithe wurden über eine templatgestützte Methode mit Porenbeton als Templat hergestellt. Die gute mechanische Bearbeitbarkeit von Porenbeton ermöglicht vielfältig geformte Kohlenstoffmonolithe. Mögliche Anwendungsgebiete derartiger Materialien sind z. B. die Adsorption oder die Katalyse. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Über eine templatgestützte Methode wurden hochporöse Kohlenstoffmonolithe unter Verwendung von Porenbeton als Templat hergestellt. Aufgrund der guten mechanischen Bearbeitbarkeit von Porenbeton lassen sich poröse Kohlenstoffmonolithe in vielfältiger Form synthetisieren. Die Porenweitenverteilung der erhaltenen Monolithe erstreckt sich vom Mikro- bis zum Makroporenbereich. Derartige Materialien stellen eine vielversprechende Basis für die Entwicklung von technischen Komponenten für den Einsatz in Adsorption oder Katalyse dar.

Porous carbon monoliths have been prepared by template assisted routes using porous concrete as the template. Due to its good workability, porous concrete is a suitable template to produce carbon monoliths with defined shape. The pore widths of the obtained monoliths are distributed over a broad range from the micropore to the macropore region. Such materials are a promising base for developing construction components which can be applied in adsorption devices or catalytic systems.
Hochporöse Kohlenstoffmonolithe wurden über eine templatgestützte Methode mit Porenbeton als Templat hergestellt. Die gute mechanische Bearbeitbarkeit von Porenbeton ermöglicht vielfältig geformte Kohlenstoffmonolithe. Mögliche Anwendungsgebiete derartiger Materialien sind z. B. die Adsorption oder die Katalyse. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200087" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Planeten-Kugelmühlen als innovative Reaktoren im organischen SyntheselaborPlanetary Ball Mills as Innovative Reactors in Organic Synthesis Laboratory</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200087</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Planeten-Kugelmühlen als innovative Reaktoren im organischen SyntheselaborPlanetary Ball Mills as Innovative Reactors in Organic Synthesis Laboratory</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Achim Stolle, Wieland Hopfe, Wolfgang Simon</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-03-06T04:10:36.101289-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200087</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200087</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200087</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">n/a</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Kugelmühlen gehören zu einer Klasse von Apparaten, die für die Zerkleinerung und Vermischung fester Stoffe in der Verfahrenstechnik angewendet werden. Die Tatsache, dass bei der Bewegung von Kugeln in den Mahlbehältern Energie auf die Reaktionsmischung übertragen wird, lässt sich für die Initiierung chemischer Reaktionen ausnutzen. Zahlreiche Beispiele aus dem Gebiet der organischen Synthesechemie zeigen die allgemeine Anwendbarkeit dieser Technik aber auch die Herausforderungen, die damit einhergehen und Potenzial für zukünftige Entwicklungen bieten.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Ball mills are instruments for the comminution and particle refinement of solids as part of process engineering. Due to the movement of milling balls inside the milling chamber energy is transferred to the reaction mixture which can be utilized to initiate chemical reactions. Numerous examples from the field of organic synthesis prove the general applicability of this technology but also point out accompanied challenges with potential for future developments.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200087/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=a15daa95ac22ab2291472146a1dc90ffa2b7e486" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200087/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=3fdec5403df4f49569e179a0fa9ba93d480dfad5"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>In den vergangenen Jahren haben vermehrt neue Techniken zur Initiierung chemischer Reaktionen Einzug gehalten. Kugelmühlen haben sich aufgrund ihrer intrinsischen Eigenschaften (Durchmischung, Robustheit) für die Durchführung vieler chemischer Reaktionen in Abwesenheit von Lösungsmitteln bewährt. Verschiedene Anwendungsbeispiele werden vorgestellt. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Kugelmühlen gehören zu einer Klasse von Apparaten, die für die Zerkleinerung und Vermischung fester Stoffe in der Verfahrenstechnik angewendet werden. Die Tatsache, dass bei der Bewegung von Kugeln in den Mahlbehältern Energie auf die Reaktionsmischung übertragen wird, lässt sich für die Initiierung chemischer Reaktionen ausnutzen. Zahlreiche Beispiele aus dem Gebiet der organischen Synthesechemie zeigen die allgemeine Anwendbarkeit dieser Technik aber auch die Herausforderungen, die damit einhergehen und Potenzial für zukünftige Entwicklungen bieten.

Ball mills are instruments for the comminution and particle refinement of solids as part of process engineering. Due to the movement of milling balls inside the milling chamber energy is transferred to the reaction mixture which can be utilized to initiate chemical reactions. Numerous examples from the field of organic synthesis prove the general applicability of this technology but also point out accompanied challenges with potential for future developments.
In den vergangenen Jahren haben vermehrt neue Techniken zur Initiierung chemischer Reaktionen Einzug gehalten. Kugelmühlen haben sich aufgrund ihrer intrinsischen Eigenschaften (Durchmischung, Robustheit) für die Durchführung vieler chemischer Reaktionen in Abwesenheit von Lösungsmitteln bewährt. Verschiedene Anwendungsbeispiele werden vorgestellt. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390034" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Titelbild Chem. Ing. Tech. 5/2013</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390034</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Titelbild Chem. Ing. Tech. 5/2013</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-23T02:06:51.415888-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201390034</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201390034</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390034</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Titelbild</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">569</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">569</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Technische Kontrolle eines Drei-Wege-Katalysators</p></div>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Das Licht soll alle Zellen innerhalb der Wabenkonstruktion eines Drei-Wege-Katalysators durchscheinen können, um die Qualität des Katalysators sicherzustellen. Nur dann kann der Katalysator später im Betrieb die Abgase eines Autos nahezu vollständig reinigen, die Schadstoffemissionen verringern und für eine saubere Umwelt sorgen.</p></div>
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Technische Kontrolle eines Drei-Wege-Katalysators
Das Licht soll alle Zellen innerhalb der Wabenkonstruktion eines Drei-Wege-Katalysators durchscheinen können, um die Qualität des Katalysators sicherzustellen. Nur dann kann der Katalysator später im Betrieb die Abgase eines Autos nahezu vollständig reinigen, die Schadstoffemissionen verringern und für eine saubere Umwelt sorgen.
</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390035" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>National, international, gobal</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390035</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">National, international, gobal</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Barbara Böck</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-23T02:06:51.415888-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201390035</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201390035</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390035</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Editorial</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">571</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">571</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[]]></content:encoded><description/></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390036" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Inhalt: Chem. Ing. Tech. 5/2013</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390036</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Inhalt: Chem. Ing. Tech. 5/2013</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-23T02:06:51.415888-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201390036</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201390036</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390036</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Inhalt</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">572</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">576</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[]]></content:encoded><description/></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390037" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>ProcessNet: Chem. Ing. Tech. 5/2013</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390037</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">ProcessNet: Chem. Ing. Tech. 5/2013</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-23T02:06:51.415888-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201390037</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201390037</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390037</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Aus den Gesellschaften</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">577</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">577</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[]]></content:encoded><description/></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390038" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>DECHEMA: Chem. Ing. Tech. 5/2013</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390038</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">DECHEMA: Chem. Ing. Tech. 5/2013</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-23T02:06:51.415888-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201390038</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201390038</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390038</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Aus den Gesellschaften</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">578</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">581</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[]]></content:encoded><description/></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390039" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>GDCh: Chem. 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Ing. Tech. 5/2013</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390040</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Personalien: Chem. Ing. 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The Book: Chem. Ing. Tech. 5/2013</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390041</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">EKATO. The Book: Chem. Ing. Tech. 5/2013</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-23T02:06:51.415888-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201390041</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201390041</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390041</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forum</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">585</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">587</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[]]></content:encoded><description/></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390042" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Forum: Chem. Ing. Tech. 5/2013</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390042</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Forum: Chem. Ing. Tech. 5/2013</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-23T02:06:51.415888-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201390042</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201390042</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390042</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forum</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">588</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">590</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[]]></content:encoded><description/></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200188" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Abgasnachbehandlung in mobilen Systemen: Stand der Technik, Herausforderungen und PerspektivenExhaust Gas Aftertreatment in Mobile Systems: Status, Challenges, and Perspectives</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200188</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Abgasnachbehandlung in mobilen Systemen: Stand der Technik, Herausforderungen und PerspektivenExhaust Gas Aftertreatment in Mobile Systems: Status, Challenges, and Perspectives</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Olaf Deutschmann, Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-03-20T06:12:35.115899-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200188</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200188</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200188</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Übersichtsbeitrag</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">595</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">617</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Eine ganzheitliche Betrachtungsweise von Abgasnachbehandlungssystemen ist derzeit der attraktivste Ansatzpunkt für die weitere Verminderung der Schadstoffemissionen und um auf neue Herausforderungen durch strengere Emissionsgrenzwerte, neue Rohstoffbasis und effektivere Motorkonzepte schneller zu reagieren. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick zu gegenwärtigen Abgasnachbehandlungssystemen. Heutige und zukünftige Herausforderungen und Ansätze zu deren Bewältigung werden diskutiert. Bei den vorgestellten Lösungsansätzen spielen hierarchische Modellierung von DFT-Berechnungen bis zur CFD-Simulation des kompletten Abgasstranges, realitätsnahe Abgasprüfstände und Alterungsverfahren sowie On-board-Diagnostik ebenso wie die Charakterisierung von Katalysatoren insbesondere unter Reaktionsbedingungen sowie möglichst alle Längenskalen eine wichtige Rolle. In Zukunft werden wissensbasierte roboter-kontrollierte Präparation und dynamische Modelle, gekoppelt mit Informationen aus dem realen Betrieb, Forschung und Entwicklung maßgeblich unterstützen.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Looking at exhaust-gas after-treatment systems in its entirety leads to further improvement of emission control devices and to the accomplishment of future challenges such as lower legislative emission limits, new fuels, and more efficient engine concepts. This article provides an overview on the state-of-the art mobile exhaust-gas after-treatment devices. Current and future challenges are discussed in the light of present approaches such as hierarchical modeling reaching from DFT computations of molecular processes to CFD simulation of entire lines of exhaust-gas cleaning devices, close-to-reality emission control test benches and aging procedures, on-board diagnostics, and catalyst characterization at operating conditions and preferentially all length scales. In future, knowledge-based robot-controlled preparation and dynamic models coupled with information from real operation will significantly support research and development.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200188/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=b6ae2d3805d2efa600d83d59f85e9b89d7f0e2e9" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200188/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=2cbde165e33ef73587eef96ace5a35c1dcf1a4da"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Der Übersichtsartikel diskutiert Stand und Herausforderungen heutiger Abgasnachbehandlungssysteme. Speziell wird auf das Design, hierarchische Modellierung, In-situ-Charakterisierung über alle Längenskalen und realitätsnahe Testverfahren eingegangen, um strengere Emissionsgrenzen, veränderte Kraftstoffzusammensetzung und effektivere Motorkonzepte zu berücksichtigen. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Eine ganzheitliche Betrachtungsweise von Abgasnachbehandlungssystemen ist derzeit der attraktivste Ansatzpunkt für die weitere Verminderung der Schadstoffemissionen und um auf neue Herausforderungen durch strengere Emissionsgrenzwerte, neue Rohstoffbasis und effektivere Motorkonzepte schneller zu reagieren. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick zu gegenwärtigen Abgasnachbehandlungssystemen. Heutige und zukünftige Herausforderungen und Ansätze zu deren Bewältigung werden diskutiert. Bei den vorgestellten Lösungsansätzen spielen hierarchische Modellierung von DFT-Berechnungen bis zur CFD-Simulation des kompletten Abgasstranges, realitätsnahe Abgasprüfstände und Alterungsverfahren sowie On-board-Diagnostik ebenso wie die Charakterisierung von Katalysatoren insbesondere unter Reaktionsbedingungen sowie möglichst alle Längenskalen eine wichtige Rolle. In Zukunft werden wissensbasierte roboter-kontrollierte Präparation und dynamische Modelle, gekoppelt mit Informationen aus dem realen Betrieb, Forschung und Entwicklung maßgeblich unterstützen.

Looking at exhaust-gas after-treatment systems in its entirety leads to further improvement of emission control devices and to the accomplishment of future challenges such as lower legislative emission limits, new fuels, and more efficient engine concepts. This article provides an overview on the state-of-the art mobile exhaust-gas after-treatment devices. Current and future challenges are discussed in the light of present approaches such as hierarchical modeling reaching from DFT computations of molecular processes to CFD simulation of entire lines of exhaust-gas cleaning devices, close-to-reality emission control test benches and aging procedures, on-board diagnostics, and catalyst characterization at operating conditions and preferentially all length scales. In future, knowledge-based robot-controlled preparation and dynamic models coupled with information from real operation will significantly support research and development.
Der Übersichtsartikel diskutiert Stand und Herausforderungen heutiger Abgasnachbehandlungssysteme. Speziell wird auf das Design, hierarchische Modellierung, In-situ-Charakterisierung über alle Längenskalen und realitätsnahe Testverfahren eingegangen, um strengere Emissionsgrenzen, veränderte Kraftstoffzusammensetzung und effektivere Motorkonzepte zu berücksichtigen. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200164" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Ein nachhaltiges Konzept zur Bereitstellung von reinem CO2 als C-Quelle für Solarfuels – Synergien zwischen Biokohle und BiogasA Sustainable Concept for the Supply of Pure CO2 as a Carbon Source for Solar Fuels – Synergies of Biochar and Biogas</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200164</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Ein nachhaltiges Konzept zur Bereitstellung von reinem CO2 als C-Quelle für Solarfuels – Synergien zwischen Biokohle und BiogasA Sustainable Concept for the Supply of Pure CO2 as a Carbon Source for Solar Fuels – Synergies of Biochar and Biogas</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Miriam Liebeck, G. Herbert Vogel</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-01-18T07:30:14.544614-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200164</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200164</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200164</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Übersichtsbeitrag</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">618</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">624</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>In Zeiten der Energiewende erlangen chemische Speichertechnologien eine vermehrte Bedeutung, da nur mit ihrer Hilfe die Energie des Exzessstromes aus Wind- und Solaranlagen in großen Mengen in Form von Kohlenwasserstoffen gespeichert werden kann. Der durch Wasserelektrolyse erzeugte Wasserstoff wird mit Kohlendioxid zu Kohlenwasserstoffen umgesetzt. Dazu muss kostengünstig reines CO<sub>2</sub> zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Für die Bereitstellung wird ein nachhaltiges Konzept vorgestellt.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>In times of the German energy transition (“Energiewende”) chemical storage technologies achieve an increasing interest because only with their help the energy of the excess electricity from wind- and solar plants can be stored in huge quantities in form of hydrocarbons. The hydrogen generated by water electrolysis can be converted with carbon dioxide to hydrocarbons. In addition, pure CO<sub>2</sub> must be available at a reasonable price. For this CO<sub>2</sub> supply a sustainable concept is presented. </p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200164/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=0c2302721ab855febe3fc78dc54f1c4bae28ecac" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200164/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=9d95db2b549a4c845bce22355dae3f76c61395e6"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Der anfallende Stromüberschuss aus Wind- und Solaranlagen verlangt nach geeigneten Speichermethoden. Eine Option wäre die Umsetzung von elektrolytisch erzeugtem H<sub>2</sub> mit CO<sub>2</sub> zu Kohlenwasserstoffen. Durch die synergetische Nutzung von Biogas- und Biokohleanlagen könnte das hierzu benötigte CO<sub>2</sub> nachhaltig bereitgestellt werden.  </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

In Zeiten der Energiewende erlangen chemische Speichertechnologien eine vermehrte Bedeutung, da nur mit ihrer Hilfe die Energie des Exzessstromes aus Wind- und Solaranlagen in großen Mengen in Form von Kohlenwasserstoffen gespeichert werden kann. Der durch Wasserelektrolyse erzeugte Wasserstoff wird mit Kohlendioxid zu Kohlenwasserstoffen umgesetzt. Dazu muss kostengünstig reines CO2 zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Für die Bereitstellung wird ein nachhaltiges Konzept vorgestellt.

In times of the German energy transition (“Energiewende”) chemical storage technologies achieve an increasing interest because only with their help the energy of the excess electricity from wind- and solar plants can be stored in huge quantities in form of hydrocarbons. The hydrogen generated by water electrolysis can be converted with carbon dioxide to hydrocarbons. In addition, pure CO2 must be available at a reasonable price. For this CO2 supply a sustainable concept is presented. 
Der anfallende Stromüberschuss aus Wind- und Solaranlagen verlangt nach geeigneten Speichermethoden. Eine Option wäre die Umsetzung von elektrolytisch erzeugtem H2 mit CO2 zu Kohlenwasserstoffen. Durch die synergetische Nutzung von Biogas- und Biokohleanlagen könnte das hierzu benötigte CO2 nachhaltig bereitgestellt werden.  






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200183" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Harnstoffhydrolyse für die selektive katalytische Reduktion von NOx: Vergleich der Flüssig- und GasphasenzersetzungUrea Hydrolysis for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx: Comparison of Liquid- and Gas Phase Decomposition</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200183</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Harnstoffhydrolyse für die selektive katalytische Reduktion von NOx: Vergleich der Flüssig- und GasphasenzersetzungUrea Hydrolysis for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx: Comparison of Liquid- and Gas Phase Decomposition</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Daniel Peitz, Andreas M. Bernhard, Max Mehring, Martin Elsener, Oliver Kröcher</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-01-14T08:10:25.858079-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200183</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200183</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200183</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">625</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">631</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Zur Reduzierung der Stickoxid-Konzentration in Autoabgasen wird meist die selektive katalytische Reduktion mit Ammoniak verwendet. Um jedoch das Mitführen von Ammoniak in Kraftfahrzeugen zu vermeiden, wird auf Harnstoff als NH<sub>3</sub>-Vorläufer zurückgegriffen. Zur kontrollierten Harnstoffzersetzung bereits vor dem Eindüsen in den Abgasstrang bietet sich der Einsatz eines separaten Reaktors an. Die Harnstoffzersetzung zu Ammoniak in der Flüssigphase unter Druck in einem beheizten Reaktor wurde mit der Zersetzung in der Gasphase verglichen. Hierbei wurden in der Flüssigphase weit höhere Umsatzraten pro Reaktorvolumen erreicht. Katalysatoren, die in der Gasphase eine hohe Aktivität zeigten, hatten nur einen kleinen Einfluss auf die Flüssigphasenzersetzung. </p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>In order to reduce the NO<sub>x</sub> concentration in car exhausts usually the selective catalytic reduction with ammonia is used. However, to avoid the transport of ammonia in vehicles urea is applied as NH<sub>3</sub> precursor. Controlled urea decomposition before the injection into the exhaust gas system itself may be accomplished by the use of a separate reactor. Urea decomposition to ammonia in the liquid phase under pressure in a heated reactor was compared to its decomposition in the gas phase. In the liquid phase, higher conversion rates relative to the reactor volume were realized than in the gas phase. Catalysts which showed high activity in the gas phase influenced the decomposition in the liquid phase only slightly. </p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200183/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=01e49683eaea7587d970615eb9fce69d6ff35dd8" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200183/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=92ca45a4e257b0de6ef3775b7a2300693edf0130"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Die Zersetzung von Harnstoff zu Ammoniak unter Druck in der Flüssigphase wurde in einem beheizten Reaktor unter Laborbedingungen untersucht und mit der Zersetzung in der Gasphase verglichen. In der Flüssigphase wurden sowohl mit als auch ohne Katalysator weit höhere Umsatzraten pro Reaktorvolumen erreicht als in der Gasphase. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Zur Reduzierung der Stickoxid-Konzentration in Autoabgasen wird meist die selektive katalytische Reduktion mit Ammoniak verwendet. Um jedoch das Mitführen von Ammoniak in Kraftfahrzeugen zu vermeiden, wird auf Harnstoff als NH3-Vorläufer zurückgegriffen. Zur kontrollierten Harnstoffzersetzung bereits vor dem Eindüsen in den Abgasstrang bietet sich der Einsatz eines separaten Reaktors an. Die Harnstoffzersetzung zu Ammoniak in der Flüssigphase unter Druck in einem beheizten Reaktor wurde mit der Zersetzung in der Gasphase verglichen. Hierbei wurden in der Flüssigphase weit höhere Umsatzraten pro Reaktorvolumen erreicht. Katalysatoren, die in der Gasphase eine hohe Aktivität zeigten, hatten nur einen kleinen Einfluss auf die Flüssigphasenzersetzung. 

In order to reduce the NOx concentration in car exhausts usually the selective catalytic reduction with ammonia is used. However, to avoid the transport of ammonia in vehicles urea is applied as NH3 precursor. Controlled urea decomposition before the injection into the exhaust gas system itself may be accomplished by the use of a separate reactor. Urea decomposition to ammonia in the liquid phase under pressure in a heated reactor was compared to its decomposition in the gas phase. In the liquid phase, higher conversion rates relative to the reactor volume were realized than in the gas phase. Catalysts which showed high activity in the gas phase influenced the decomposition in the liquid phase only slightly. 
Die Zersetzung von Harnstoff zu Ammoniak unter Druck in der Flüssigphase wurde in einem beheizten Reaktor unter Laborbedingungen untersucht und mit der Zersetzung in der Gasphase verglichen. In der Flüssigphase wurden sowohl mit als auch ohne Katalysator weit höhere Umsatzraten pro Reaktorvolumen erreicht als in der Gasphase. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200182" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Potential and Limitations of Natural Chabazite for Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx with NH3</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200182</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Potential and Limitations of Natural Chabazite for Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx with NH3</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Tobias Günter, Maria Casapu, Dmitry Doronkin, Stefan Mangold, Vanessa Trouillet, Timo Augenstein, Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-02-06T07:36:55.553221-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200182</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200182</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200182</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Research Article</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">632</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">641</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The potential of the natural chabazite for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH<sub>3</sub> is evaluated in the present work. Activity tests were performed under technically relevant reaction and temperature conditions for the fresh and hydrothermally aged catalysts. The natural chabazite before and after alkaline removal as well as after iron and copper addition were compared. The structural as well as surface and bulk properties were elucidated by a variety of complementary characterization techniques, i.e. XRD, XPS, EPR, BET, NH<sub>3</sub>-TPD, ex situ and in situ XAS. The results indicate that an important facet for using the natural chabazite for the standard and fast SCR reactions is the removal of alkaline metals, which at the same time also leads to a partial change of the structure and the size of the iron-containing particles. The performance and especially the hydrothermal stability can be further improved by copper addition.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200182/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=eed2207b34ed972ac9e0e43e7f6a46109f1f293b" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200182/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=833d24e17df809f0dc3d24a756e05f95be8b1759"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The potential of the natural chabazite for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH<sub>3</sub> is investigated. The natural chabazite before and after alkaline removal as well as after iron and copper addition were compared with respect to their performance under technically relevant reaction and temperature conditions in their fresh and hydrothermally aged state. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

The potential of the natural chabazite for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 is evaluated in the present work. Activity tests were performed under technically relevant reaction and temperature conditions for the fresh and hydrothermally aged catalysts. The natural chabazite before and after alkaline removal as well as after iron and copper addition were compared. The structural as well as surface and bulk properties were elucidated by a variety of complementary characterization techniques, i.e. XRD, XPS, EPR, BET, NH3-TPD, ex situ and in situ XAS. The results indicate that an important facet for using the natural chabazite for the standard and fast SCR reactions is the removal of alkaline metals, which at the same time also leads to a partial change of the structure and the size of the iron-containing particles. The performance and especially the hydrothermal stability can be further improved by copper addition.
The potential of the natural chabazite for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 is investigated. The natural chabazite before and after alkaline removal as well as after iron and copper addition were compared with respect to their performance under technically relevant reaction and temperature conditions in their fresh and hydrothermally aged state. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200189" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Hydrodynamik und Stofftransport in einem Perlschnurreaktor für Gas/Flüssig/Fest-ReaktionenHydrodynamics and Mass Transfer in a Pellet String Reactor for Gas-Liquid-Solid Reactions</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200189</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Hydrodynamik und Stofftransport in einem Perlschnurreaktor für Gas/Flüssig/Fest-ReaktionenHydrodynamics and Mass Transfer in a Pellet String Reactor for Gas-Liquid-Solid Reactions</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Robert Langsch, Stefan Haase, Rüdiger Lange</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-03-05T04:10:40.276784-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200189</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200189</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200189</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">642</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">655</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>In dieser Arbeit wurden die Hydrodynamik einer Gas/Flüssig-Zweiphasenströmung und erzielbare Stofftransportraten in einem Perlschnurreaktor charakterisiert. Die Katalysatorpackung im Reaktor besteht aus runden Kanälen mit einem Kanaldurchmesser von 1,41 mm, in die kugelförmige Katalysatorpartikel mit einem Durchmesser von 0,8 mm integriert sind. Bei gleichzeitig ablaufender Reaktion (Flüssigphasenhydrierung von α-Methylstyrol) konnten volumetrische Gesamtstoffdurchgangskoeffizienten für Wasserstoff zwischen 0,8 und 5,5 s<sup>–1</sup> ermittelt werden. Aufgrund der hohen erzielbaren Stofftransportraten und des einfachen Aufbaus können Perlschnurreaktoren schnell in der Industrie implementiert werden und tragen zur Generierung hocheffizienter Reaktionsapparate bei.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>In this work, a pellet string reactor was characterized with respect to hydrodynamics and mass transfer. The catalyst packing consists of a cylindrical channel with a diameter of 1.41 mm, which was filled with spherical catalyst particles, having an outer diameter of 0.8 mm. Under reaction conditions (liquid phase hydrogenation of α-methylstyrene) overall (gas-liquid-solid) volumetric mass transfer coefficients for hydrogen between 0.8 and 5.5 s<sup>–1</sup> were computed. Due to high mass transfer rates and simple reactor geometry, pellet string reactors can be applied in industry as highly efficient reaction units.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200189/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=9180cdf3aec1a8b8d073294793b1721acd1dcefe" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200189/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=6fd75a71d00ada7ac8435ad4f9b309a206db85ff"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Perlschnurreaktoren weisen aufgrund kleiner Kanaldurchmesser eine gute Phasenkontaktierung und hohe Stofftransportraten auf. Durch den Einsatz standardisierter, industrieller Katalysatoren sind sie ein interessantes Konzept zur Überführung diskontinuierlicher Prozesse in der Feinchemikaliensynthese in eine kontinuierliche Produktionsweise. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

In dieser Arbeit wurden die Hydrodynamik einer Gas/Flüssig-Zweiphasenströmung und erzielbare Stofftransportraten in einem Perlschnurreaktor charakterisiert. Die Katalysatorpackung im Reaktor besteht aus runden Kanälen mit einem Kanaldurchmesser von 1,41 mm, in die kugelförmige Katalysatorpartikel mit einem Durchmesser von 0,8 mm integriert sind. Bei gleichzeitig ablaufender Reaktion (Flüssigphasenhydrierung von α-Methylstyrol) konnten volumetrische Gesamtstoffdurchgangskoeffizienten für Wasserstoff zwischen 0,8 und 5,5 s–1 ermittelt werden. Aufgrund der hohen erzielbaren Stofftransportraten und des einfachen Aufbaus können Perlschnurreaktoren schnell in der Industrie implementiert werden und tragen zur Generierung hocheffizienter Reaktionsapparate bei.

In this work, a pellet string reactor was characterized with respect to hydrodynamics and mass transfer. The catalyst packing consists of a cylindrical channel with a diameter of 1.41 mm, which was filled with spherical catalyst particles, having an outer diameter of 0.8 mm. Under reaction conditions (liquid phase hydrogenation of α-methylstyrene) overall (gas-liquid-solid) volumetric mass transfer coefficients for hydrogen between 0.8 and 5.5 s–1 were computed. Due to high mass transfer rates and simple reactor geometry, pellet string reactors can be applied in industry as highly efficient reaction units.
Perlschnurreaktoren weisen aufgrund kleiner Kanaldurchmesser eine gute Phasenkontaktierung und hohe Stofftransportraten auf. Durch den Einsatz standardisierter, industrieller Katalysatoren sind sie ein interessantes Konzept zur Überführung diskontinuierlicher Prozesse in der Feinchemikaliensynthese in eine kontinuierliche Produktionsweise. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200162" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Heat-Integrated Exhaust Purification for Natural Gas Engines</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200162</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Heat-Integrated Exhaust Purification for Natural Gas Engines</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Matthias Rink, Gerhart Eigenberger, Ulrich Nieken</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-03-05T04:10:49.441855-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200162</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200162</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200162</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Research Article</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">656</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">663</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Vehicles running on compressed natural gas (CNG) are a promising option to significantly decrease automotive CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. However, considerable amounts of methane are emitted by the exhaust of CNG powered engines which are difficult to convert by standard catalytic converters. Yet, by combining the catalyst with an efficient heat exchanger, the temperature level of the catalyst can be raised for enhanced conversion performance. Experimental results of stationary tests performed with a heat-integrated laboratory-scale system are shown. A special cold start strategy required for fast system heating is presented based on a detailed transient simulation study and a new system layout is described.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200162/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=566a5a6f8944752e2b1e3d9df46e3ccf0d531aeb" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200162/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=4dd043b102ee36604bb82b589a74abffadc8feca"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>By incorporation of a heat exchanger, the exhaust catalyst temperature of combustion engines can be increased considerably. This is of particular importance for natural gas powered engines. Stationary experimental results for exhaust purification of such engines are presen-ted and the development process towards a system suitable for dynamic vehicle operation is discussed. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Vehicles running on compressed natural gas (CNG) are a promising option to significantly decrease automotive CO2 emissions. However, considerable amounts of methane are emitted by the exhaust of CNG powered engines which are difficult to convert by standard catalytic converters. Yet, by combining the catalyst with an efficient heat exchanger, the temperature level of the catalyst can be raised for enhanced conversion performance. Experimental results of stationary tests performed with a heat-integrated laboratory-scale system are shown. A special cold start strategy required for fast system heating is presented based on a detailed transient simulation study and a new system layout is described.
By incorporation of a heat exchanger, the exhaust catalyst temperature of combustion engines can be increased considerably. This is of particular importance for natural gas powered engines. Stationary experimental results for exhaust purification of such engines are presen-ted and the development process towards a system suitable for dynamic vehicle operation is discussed. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200166" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Thin-Film Catalytic Coating of a Microreactor for Preferential CO Oxidation over Pt Catalysts</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200166</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Thin-Film Catalytic Coating of a Microreactor for Preferential CO Oxidation over Pt Catalysts</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Ayten Ates, Peter Pfeifer, Oliver Görke</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-02-06T07:36:52.890461-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200166</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200166</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200166</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Research Article</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">664</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">672</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Different Pt-based catalyst layers have been prepared and tested in a stacked foil microreactor for CO oxidation and preferential oxidation of CO in presence of hydrogen. The reactions were performed on Pt without support by impregnation of a pre-oxidized microstructured metal plate, Pt/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Pt/CeO<sub>2</sub> based on sol methods as well as Pt/nano-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, a combined method of sol-gel and nanoparticle slurry coating. The ceria based sol-gel catalyst was much more active for CO oxidation than alumina based sol-gel catalysts at low temperature. However, total oxidation was only obtained at higher temperature on the alumina based catalysts. The combined method seems to have advantages in terms of less internal mass transfer limitation when trying to increase the catalyst coating thickness based on sol-gel approaches due to no reduction of CO selectivity up to 300 °C reaction temperature. Experiments on CO oxidation with the Pt/CeO<sub>2</sub> catalyst have been conducted in an oxygen supply microreactor to evaluate the catalyst performance under sequential oxygen supply to reaction zone (CO excess).</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200166/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=21a845c95bb2d44d8d220836ec48e8a14e28c4ae" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200166/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=ab17e64f117bb0434de91b6456f2baaaa906e1de"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Preferential CO oxidation was performed on different Pt/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Pt/CeO<sub>2</sub> based catalysts, prepared by sol methods as well as nano-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticle slurry coating and a combined method of sol-gel and nanoparticle slurry coating. A microreactor with distributed air feeding showed an effect on the CO oxidation by the CO excess and, thus, surface coverage. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Different Pt-based catalyst layers have been prepared and tested in a stacked foil microreactor for CO oxidation and preferential oxidation of CO in presence of hydrogen. The reactions were performed on Pt without support by impregnation of a pre-oxidized microstructured metal plate, Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/CeO2 based on sol methods as well as Pt/nano-Al2O3, a combined method of sol-gel and nanoparticle slurry coating. The ceria based sol-gel catalyst was much more active for CO oxidation than alumina based sol-gel catalysts at low temperature. However, total oxidation was only obtained at higher temperature on the alumina based catalysts. The combined method seems to have advantages in terms of less internal mass transfer limitation when trying to increase the catalyst coating thickness based on sol-gel approaches due to no reduction of CO selectivity up to 300 °C reaction temperature. Experiments on CO oxidation with the Pt/CeO2 catalyst have been conducted in an oxygen supply microreactor to evaluate the catalyst performance under sequential oxygen supply to reaction zone (CO excess).
Preferential CO oxidation was performed on different Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/CeO2 based catalysts, prepared by sol methods as well as nano-Al2O3 nanoparticle slurry coating and a combined method of sol-gel and nanoparticle slurry coating. A microreactor with distributed air feeding showed an effect on the CO oxidation by the CO excess and, thus, surface coverage. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200158" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Macro- and Microkinetic Simulation of Diesel Oxidation Catalyst: Effect of Aging, Noble Metal Loading and Platinum Oxidation</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200158</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Macro- and Microkinetic Simulation of Diesel Oxidation Catalyst: Effect of Aging, Noble Metal Loading and Platinum Oxidation</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Karin Hauff, Willi Boll, Steffen Tischer, Denise Chan, Ute Tuttlies, Gerhart Eigenberger, Olaf Deutschmann, Ulrich Nieken</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-03-15T08:10:11.660293-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200158</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200158</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200158</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Research Article</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">673</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">685</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>In automotive exhaust aftertreatment simulation, both macro- and microkinetic models are commonly used. In this contribution both models are applied for the simulation of diesel oxidation catalysts (Pt/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) with different catalyst loading and degree of thermal aging. The study proves that the structure insensitive kinetics of the considered catalysts can be described with the same rate equations only by scaling the rate constants of the different reaction steps with the catalytically active Pt surface, which is accessible by CO adsorption or light-off measurements. In addition, NO oxidation is strongly influenced by a reversible, slow transformation of Pt into Pt-oxide.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200158/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=510c04deaf8a9b7dc4b4d628b719ab215a0a401d" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200158/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=c8cd0bf15b2b41edcfb268cc0b9740735742e663"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Simulation of DOCs with different Pt loading and thermal aging is easily achieved by scaling the rate constants with the catalytically active Pt surface, which is accessible by CO adsorption or light-off measurements. In addition, NO oxidation is strongly influenced by a reversible deactivation due to the transformation of Pt into Pt-oxide.  </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

In automotive exhaust aftertreatment simulation, both macro- and microkinetic models are commonly used. In this contribution both models are applied for the simulation of diesel oxidation catalysts (Pt/γ-Al2O3) with different catalyst loading and degree of thermal aging. The study proves that the structure insensitive kinetics of the considered catalysts can be described with the same rate equations only by scaling the rate constants of the different reaction steps with the catalytically active Pt surface, which is accessible by CO adsorption or light-off measurements. In addition, NO oxidation is strongly influenced by a reversible, slow transformation of Pt into Pt-oxide.
Simulation of DOCs with different Pt loading and thermal aging is easily achieved by scaling the rate constants with the catalytically active Pt surface, which is accessible by CO adsorption or light-off measurements. In addition, NO oxidation is strongly influenced by a reversible deactivation due to the transformation of Pt into Pt-oxide.  






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200218" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Studies on the Effect of Physico-Chemical Soot Properties and Feed Gas Composition on the Kinetics of Soot Oxidation on Fe2O3 Catalyst</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200218</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Studies on the Effect of Physico-Chemical Soot Properties and Feed Gas Composition on the Kinetics of Soot Oxidation on Fe2O3 Catalyst</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Steffen Waglöhner, Dirk Reichert, Henning Bockhorn, Sven Kureti</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-02-18T03:29:50.530818-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200218</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200218</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200218</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Research Article</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">686</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">695</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Three commercial carbon black samples as well as self-made C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> soot were investigated for their reactivity in the oxidation on an α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst. These studies were performed by temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) using a packed bed. For reference purposes, TPO studies in the absence of the catalyst were made as well. The carbon black samples were characterized towards the content of C, H, N and O as well as higher heating value, specific surface area, moisture and volatile matter and were deemed to be suitable model substances for diesel soot of different maturity. The correlation of these physico-chemical properties with the kinetics in catalytic TPO indicated that the soot oxidation on Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> is significantly affected by the initial number of surface oxygen compounds of the soot. The decomposition of these surface species causes the formation of active carbon sites, which are supposed to accelerate the soot oxidation.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200218/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=1487bb29fbb509f2b57bb6d9a282c06adc661aa9" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200218/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=f466b2a50a6d1fc2d4a6c2ccd40d240fc6a28522"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Four carbon blacks as models for diesel soot at different maturity stages were studied towards their oxidation reactivity in the absence and presence of a Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst. The kinetics of the catalytic oxidation of the carbon black samples could be correlated with their number of initial surface oxygen compounds. The influence of typical exhaust gas components on catalytic soot oxidation reactivity was also addressed. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Three commercial carbon black samples as well as self-made C3H6 soot were investigated for their reactivity in the oxidation on an α-Fe2O3 catalyst. These studies were performed by temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) using a packed bed. For reference purposes, TPO studies in the absence of the catalyst were made as well. The carbon black samples were characterized towards the content of C, H, N and O as well as higher heating value, specific surface area, moisture and volatile matter and were deemed to be suitable model substances for diesel soot of different maturity. The correlation of these physico-chemical properties with the kinetics in catalytic TPO indicated that the soot oxidation on Fe2O3 is significantly affected by the initial number of surface oxygen compounds of the soot. The decomposition of these surface species causes the formation of active carbon sites, which are supposed to accelerate the soot oxidation.
Four carbon blacks as models for diesel soot at different maturity stages were studied towards their oxidation reactivity in the absence and presence of a Fe2O3 catalyst. The kinetics of the catalytic oxidation of the carbon black samples could be correlated with their number of initial surface oxygen compounds. The influence of typical exhaust gas components on catalytic soot oxidation reactivity was also addressed. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200161" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Schnelle optische Tomographie zum Nachweis von OH*-Verteilungen in FlammenFast Optical Tomography for the Detection of OH* Distributions in Flames</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200161</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Schnelle optische Tomographie zum Nachweis von OH*-Verteilungen in FlammenFast Optical Tomography for the Detection of OH* Distributions in Flames</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Nikolay B. Anikin, Rainer Suntz, Henning Bockhorn</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-02-18T03:29:40.629564-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200161</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200161</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200161</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">696</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">704</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Ein kürzlich entwickeltes und patentiertes schnelles optisches Tomographiesystem wurde eingesetzt, um zweidimensionale Verteilungen der OH*-Chemilumineszenz in laminaren und turbulenten Flammen zu ermitteln. Dies konnte mit der Anordnung trotz der in Flammen äußerst geringen OH*-Konzentration von lediglich einigen ppb bei Belichtungszeiten bis zu 100 – 200 μs und einer räumlichen Auflösung von &lt; 1 – 2 mm erreicht werden. Die Ergebnisse liefern u. a. wichtige Informationen im Hinblick auf die Ermittlung der Wärmefreisetzungsrate von Flammen zur Vorhersage instabiler Betriebspunkte in Gasturbinen.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>A recently developed and patented fast tomographic reconstruction system has been applied to detect two-dimensional distributions of the OH* chemiluminescence in laminar and turbulent flames. This could be achieved by the arrangement at exposure times down to 100 – 200 μs at a spatial resolution of &lt; 1 – 2 mm, even though the concentration of OH* in flames is in the order of some ppb and, therefore, extremely small. Among other things the results provide important information regarding the determination of the heat release rate in flames to predict unstable operating points of gas turbines.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200161/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=37f135a931900e47c6892e201909c7d2b14b519c" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200161/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=9fbb2a22b84700debc87d0de620b1eaa63cd7288"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Zur Vorhersage instabiler Betriebspunkte von verbrennungstechnischen Anlagen wurde ein optisches Tomographiesystem entwickelt, das die Ermittlung zweidimensionaler Verteilungen der OH*-Chemilumineszenz in laminaren und turbulenten Flammen ermöglicht. Kleinste Konzentrationsverteilungen einzelner oder mehrerer Spezies lassen sich selektiv nachweisen. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Ein kürzlich entwickeltes und patentiertes schnelles optisches Tomographiesystem wurde eingesetzt, um zweidimensionale Verteilungen der OH*-Chemilumineszenz in laminaren und turbulenten Flammen zu ermitteln. Dies konnte mit der Anordnung trotz der in Flammen äußerst geringen OH*-Konzentration von lediglich einigen ppb bei Belichtungszeiten bis zu 100 – 200 μs und einer räumlichen Auflösung von &lt; 1 – 2 mm erreicht werden. Die Ergebnisse liefern u. a. wichtige Informationen im Hinblick auf die Ermittlung der Wärmefreisetzungsrate von Flammen zur Vorhersage instabiler Betriebspunkte in Gasturbinen.

A recently developed and patented fast tomographic reconstruction system has been applied to detect two-dimensional distributions of the OH* chemiluminescence in laminar and turbulent flames. This could be achieved by the arrangement at exposure times down to 100 – 200 μs at a spatial resolution of &lt; 1 – 2 mm, even though the concentration of OH* in flames is in the order of some ppb and, therefore, extremely small. Among other things the results provide important information regarding the determination of the heat release rate in flames to predict unstable operating points of gas turbines.
Zur Vorhersage instabiler Betriebspunkte von verbrennungstechnischen Anlagen wurde ein optisches Tomographiesystem entwickelt, das die Ermittlung zweidimensionaler Verteilungen der OH*-Chemilumineszenz in laminaren und turbulenten Flammen ermöglicht. Kleinste Konzentrationsverteilungen einzelner oder mehrerer Spezies lassen sich selektiv nachweisen. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200163" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Kinetics and Reactor Design for N2O Decomposition in the EnviNOx® Process</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200163</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Kinetics and Reactor Design for N2O Decomposition in the EnviNOx® Process</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Christian Perbandt, Vanessa Bacher, Michael Groves, Meinhard Schwefer, Rolf Siefert, Thomas Turek</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-02-01T07:10:18.907337-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200163</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200163</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200163</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Communication</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">705</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">709</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The kinetics of N<sub>2</sub>O decomposition over a commercial iron zeolite catalyst was determined in an integral laboratory reactor. The formal kinetic equation developed permits a very good description of the observed rate as a function of temperature and the concentrations of N<sub>2</sub>O, NO and H<sub>2</sub>O. The influence of mass transfer phenomena on the reaction rate was investigated experimentally by using different catalyst particle sizes. A reactor model taking into account internal and external mass transfer resistances, axial dispersion and pressure drop was developed. Reactor simulations for different configurations revealed that random packings of catalyst extrudates must be placed in radial-flow reactors to limit the pressure drop. Honeycomb monolith catalysts are attractive alternative geometries because they allow both better utilization of active material and the design of more compact reactors.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200163/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=c078bbd94dd9ff4e05b7e3f22868d1eaa6cd2f81" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200163/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=697448fc5101c143a79f06e1dbbaa35c1a384804"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The reaction kinetics of N<sub>2</sub>O decomposition on a commercial iron zeolite catalyst was determined by systematic measurements for typical conditions in nitric acid plant tail gases. Based on these measurements, a reactor model was developed that takes into account mass transfer resistances, axial dispersion and pressure drop. With this model, different options for the catalyst geometry were compared quantitatively. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

The kinetics of N2O decomposition over a commercial iron zeolite catalyst was determined in an integral laboratory reactor. The formal kinetic equation developed permits a very good description of the observed rate as a function of temperature and the concentrations of N2O, NO and H2O. The influence of mass transfer phenomena on the reaction rate was investigated experimentally by using different catalyst particle sizes. A reactor model taking into account internal and external mass transfer resistances, axial dispersion and pressure drop was developed. Reactor simulations for different configurations revealed that random packings of catalyst extrudates must be placed in radial-flow reactors to limit the pressure drop. Honeycomb monolith catalysts are attractive alternative geometries because they allow both better utilization of active material and the design of more compact reactors.
The reaction kinetics of N2O decomposition on a commercial iron zeolite catalyst was determined by systematic measurements for typical conditions in nitric acid plant tail gases. Based on these measurements, a reactor model was developed that takes into account mass transfer resistances, axial dispersion and pressure drop. With this model, different options for the catalyst geometry were compared quantitatively. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200231" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Wind und Kohle: Die technische PhotosyntheseWind and Coal: The Technical Photosynthesis</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200231</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Wind und Kohle: Die technische PhotosyntheseWind and Coal: The Technical Photosynthesis</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Franz X. Effenberger, Heribert Offermanns</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-03-05T04:10:30.959323-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200231</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200231</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200231</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Essay</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">710</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">712</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Der steigende Energiebedarf und der damit verbundene CO<sub>2</sub>-Ausstoß bei gleichzeitig abnehmenden Reserven an fossilen Rohstoffen erfordert neue Konzepte zur nachhaltigen Energieerzeugung. Das sogenannte Adam-und-Eva-Prinzip zur CO<sub>2</sub>-freien Gewinnung von Methanol aus Kohle und durch Nuklearenergie wird aufgegriffen und an heutige Gegebenheiten adaptiert. Als H<sub>2</sub>-Quelle dient die Wasserelektrolyse mit Strom aus erneuerbaren Energien. Gleichzeitig wird mit dem bei der Elektrolyse gebildeten Sauerstoff in einem Oxyfuel-Prozess Kohle verbrannt, dadurch Strom erzeugt und relativ reines CO<sub>2</sub> erhalten. Dieses wird mit dem Elektrolyse-Wasserstoff zu Methanol umgesetzt, das dann als Chemie- und Energierohstoff eingesetzt werden kann.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The increasing energy demand, the associated CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, and the concurrently decreasing reserves of fossil fuels require new concepts for sustainable energy production. The so-called Adam-and-Eve principle for CO<sub>2</sub>-free production of methanol from coal and nuclear energy is revisited and adapted to today's circumstances. Electrolysis of water using renewable electricity is applied for H<sub>2</sub> production. Simultaneously, coal and the oxygen formed during electrolysis are burned in an oxyfuel process, generating electricity and relatively pure CO<sub>2</sub>. Hydrogen from electrolysis and CO<sub>2</sub> are converted to methanol, which can then be used as chemical- and energy feedstock.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200231/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=d79b0d8c57ed03905cf9a26f5acd9abf7deaffe0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200231/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=e8d4887721048e67c6b46e29c52376c10f44f85a"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Ein Konzept zur zukünftigen Energieerzeugung basierend auf der CO<sub>2</sub>-freien Gewinnung von Methanol aus CO<sub>2</sub> und Wasserstoff wird vorgestellt. Hierbei wird der Wasserstoff durch Elektrolyse von Wasser mit Strom aus erneuerbaren Energien – vorzugsweise Wind – gewonnen. Das CO<sub>2</sub> kann durch Verbrennung von Kohle in einem Oxyfuel-Prozess bereitgestellt werden. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Der steigende Energiebedarf und der damit verbundene CO2-Ausstoß bei gleichzeitig abnehmenden Reserven an fossilen Rohstoffen erfordert neue Konzepte zur nachhaltigen Energieerzeugung. Das sogenannte Adam-und-Eva-Prinzip zur CO2-freien Gewinnung von Methanol aus Kohle und durch Nuklearenergie wird aufgegriffen und an heutige Gegebenheiten adaptiert. Als H2-Quelle dient die Wasserelektrolyse mit Strom aus erneuerbaren Energien. Gleichzeitig wird mit dem bei der Elektrolyse gebildeten Sauerstoff in einem Oxyfuel-Prozess Kohle verbrannt, dadurch Strom erzeugt und relativ reines CO2 erhalten. Dieses wird mit dem Elektrolyse-Wasserstoff zu Methanol umgesetzt, das dann als Chemie- und Energierohstoff eingesetzt werden kann.

The increasing energy demand, the associated CO2 emissions, and the concurrently decreasing reserves of fossil fuels require new concepts for sustainable energy production. The so-called Adam-and-Eve principle for CO2-free production of methanol from coal and nuclear energy is revisited and adapted to today's circumstances. Electrolysis of water using renewable electricity is applied for H2 production. Simultaneously, coal and the oxygen formed during electrolysis are burned in an oxyfuel process, generating electricity and relatively pure CO2. Hydrogen from electrolysis and CO2 are converted to methanol, which can then be used as chemical- and energy feedstock.
Ein Konzept zur zukünftigen Energieerzeugung basierend auf der CO2-freien Gewinnung von Methanol aus CO2 und Wasserstoff wird vorgestellt. Hierbei wird der Wasserstoff durch Elektrolyse von Wasser mit Strom aus erneuerbaren Energien – vorzugsweise Wind – gewonnen. Das CO2 kann durch Verbrennung von Kohle in einem Oxyfuel-Prozess bereitgestellt werden. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200108" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Abreicherung von Flüssiggas aus Erdgas mittels ZeolithmembranenDepletion of Liquefied Petroleum Gas from Natural Gas by Zeolite Membranes</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200108</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Abreicherung von Flüssiggas aus Erdgas mittels ZeolithmembranenDepletion of Liquefied Petroleum Gas from Natural Gas by Zeolite Membranes</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Katja Neubauer, Udo Lubenau, Christine Hecker, Bernhard Lücke, Dietmar Paschek, Sebastian Wohlrab</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-03-13T04:20:20.280558-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200108</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200108</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200108</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">713</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">722</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Die Abreicherung höherer Kohlenwasserstoffe aus Erdgas oder Erdölbegleitgasen ist ein unablässiger Schritt vor der Einspeisung in das Endverbrauchernetz. Membrantechnologien könnten dabei als Ersatz für energieintensive und kostspielige Reinigungsmethoden eingesetzt werden. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde die entsprechende Eignung zeolithischer MFI-Membranen untersucht und der Einfluss von Membranträgergeometrie, Gaszusammensetzung, Temperatur und Druck auf die Trennung von Methan/<em>n</em>-Butan-Mischungen getestet.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The depletion of higher alkanes from methane is a key aspect during the conditioning of natural gases or accompanying gases. Membrane technologies could be used as alternative to energy and cost intensive purifications. Against this background the influence of membrane geometry, composition of the gas mixture as well as temperature and pressure was investigated in separation experiments for methane/<em>n</em>-butane mixtures using MFI membranes.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200108/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=44602ee21edf518cfe1b5260f5bacf1d7750a257" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200108/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=d5a192e410c282181b5e7e285c8fc853da6d8022"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Die auf Adsorption basierte Trennung von Alkanmischungen wurde an MFI-Membranen sowohl theoretisch als auch experimentell untersucht. Es zeigten sich Möglichkeiten zur Taupunkteinstellung als energieeffiziente Alternative zu konventionellen Verfahren der Erdgaskonditionierung. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Die Abreicherung höherer Kohlenwasserstoffe aus Erdgas oder Erdölbegleitgasen ist ein unablässiger Schritt vor der Einspeisung in das Endverbrauchernetz. Membrantechnologien könnten dabei als Ersatz für energieintensive und kostspielige Reinigungsmethoden eingesetzt werden. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde die entsprechende Eignung zeolithischer MFI-Membranen untersucht und der Einfluss von Membranträgergeometrie, Gaszusammensetzung, Temperatur und Druck auf die Trennung von Methan/n-Butan-Mischungen getestet.

The depletion of higher alkanes from methane is a key aspect during the conditioning of natural gases or accompanying gases. Membrane technologies could be used as alternative to energy and cost intensive purifications. Against this background the influence of membrane geometry, composition of the gas mixture as well as temperature and pressure was investigated in separation experiments for methane/n-butane mixtures using MFI membranes.
Die auf Adsorption basierte Trennung von Alkanmischungen wurde an MFI-Membranen sowohl theoretisch als auch experimentell untersucht. Es zeigten sich Möglichkeiten zur Taupunkteinstellung als energieeffiziente Alternative zu konventionellen Verfahren der Erdgaskonditionierung. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200027" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Modellierung, Simulation und experimentelle Verifikation des Zerfalls von Flüssigkeitsstrahlen und der Tropfenbildung im ZentrifugalfeldModeling, Simulation and Experimental Verification of the Break-Up of Liquid Jets and the Drop Formation in the Centrifugal Field</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200027</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Modellierung, Simulation und experimentelle Verifikation des Zerfalls von Flüssigkeitsstrahlen und der Tropfenbildung im ZentrifugalfeldModeling, Simulation and Experimental Verification of the Break-Up of Liquid Jets and the Drop Formation in the Centrifugal Field</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Simon Gramlich, Manfred Piesche</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-03-05T03:40:20.628236-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200027</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200027</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200027</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">723</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">731</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Vorgestellt wird ein physikalisch-mathematisches Modell zur Beschreibung des Zerfalls von Flüssigkeitsstrahlen und der Tropfenbildung im Zentrifugalfeld unter Berücksichtigung der umgebenden Gasphase und der Viskosität. Das Modell beruht auf der Methode der kleinen Schwingungen, bei der die Strömung in eine zeitlich gemittelte Grundströmung und eine instationäre Störungsbewegung unterteilt wird. Die resultierenden Tropfengrößen werden mit experimentellen Daten verglichen und zeigen eine gute Übereinstimmung. Als Randbedingung dient dem Modell die experimentell ermittelte Zerfallslänge.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>A physical mathematical model for the description of the break-up of a liquid jet and the drop formation in the centrifugal field is presented taking the surrounding gaseous phase and the liquid viscosity into account. The model is based on perturbation theory, thus, the motion is decomposed into the time steady motion of the jet and the transient motion of the oscillation of the liquid gas interphase. The resulting drop size is in good accordance with the experimental data. The break-up length serves as a boundary condition and is based on experimental data.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200027/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=3bcf2f035a1aa98de8f4cacf07ea4d35ac492837" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200027/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=04f676a3e5a5e2a4efa37f6bfe995074c591b12e"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Ein physikalisch-mathematisches Modell zur Beschreibung des Zerfalls von Flüssigkeitsstrahlen und der Tropfenbildung im Zentrifugalfeld unter Berücksichtigung der umgebenden Gasphase und der Viskosität wird vorgestellt. Die resultierenden Tropfengrößen werden mit experimentellen Daten verglichen und zeigen eine gute Übereinstimmung. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Vorgestellt wird ein physikalisch-mathematisches Modell zur Beschreibung des Zerfalls von Flüssigkeitsstrahlen und der Tropfenbildung im Zentrifugalfeld unter Berücksichtigung der umgebenden Gasphase und der Viskosität. Das Modell beruht auf der Methode der kleinen Schwingungen, bei der die Strömung in eine zeitlich gemittelte Grundströmung und eine instationäre Störungsbewegung unterteilt wird. Die resultierenden Tropfengrößen werden mit experimentellen Daten verglichen und zeigen eine gute Übereinstimmung. Als Randbedingung dient dem Modell die experimentell ermittelte Zerfallslänge.

A physical mathematical model for the description of the break-up of a liquid jet and the drop formation in the centrifugal field is presented taking the surrounding gaseous phase and the liquid viscosity into account. The model is based on perturbation theory, thus, the motion is decomposed into the time steady motion of the jet and the transient motion of the oscillation of the liquid gas interphase. The resulting drop size is in good accordance with the experimental data. The break-up length serves as a boundary condition and is based on experimental data.
Ein physikalisch-mathematisches Modell zur Beschreibung des Zerfalls von Flüssigkeitsstrahlen und der Tropfenbildung im Zentrifugalfeld unter Berücksichtigung der umgebenden Gasphase und der Viskosität wird vorgestellt. Die resultierenden Tropfengrößen werden mit experimentellen Daten verglichen und zeigen eine gute Übereinstimmung. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200037" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Untersuchung des binären Diffusionskoeffizienten in Argon/Neon-Gemischen mittels einer Loschmidt-Zelle kombiniert mit holografischer InterferometrieInvestigation of Binary Diffusion Coefficients in Argon-Neon Mixtures Using a Loschmidt Cell Combined with Holographic Interferometry</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200037</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Untersuchung des binären Diffusionskoeffizienten in Argon/Neon-Gemischen mittels einer Loschmidt-Zelle kombiniert mit holografischer InterferometrieInvestigation of Binary Diffusion Coefficients in Argon-Neon Mixtures Using a Loschmidt Cell Combined with Holographic Interferometry</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Tanja Kugler, Michael Heinrich Rausch, Andreas Paul Fröba</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-02-11T04:40:12.129167-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200037</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200037</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200037</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">732</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">739</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Für Argon/Neon-Gemische wurden über den gesamten Zusammensetzungsbereich binäre Diffusionskoeffizienten <em>D</em><sub>ij</sub> mittels einer Loschmidt-Zelle bei 293,15 – 333,15 K und 1 – 10 bar bestimmt. Die beiden Halbzellen der Loschmidt-Zelle wurden vor Beginn der Messungen mit den unterschiedlichen Reingasen befüllt. Nach Verbindung der beiden Halbzellen wurde die Veränderung der partiellen Moldichte bzw. des Brechungsindex als Funktion von Ort und Zeit mittels holografischer Interferometrie detektiert. Die hieraus erhaltenen Daten für <em>D</em><sub>ij</sub> zeigen im Vergleich zu Literaturdaten in der oberen Halbzelle systematische Abweichungen. Für die entsprechenden Werte der unteren Halbzelle kann dagegen eine sehr gute Übereinstimmung mit der Literatur gefunden werden. Das Produkt aus molarer Mischungsdichte und <em>D</em><sub>ij</sub> weist im Rahmen der Messunsicherheit keine signifikante Abhängigkeit vom Druck auf.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Binary diffusion coefficients <em>D</em><sub>ij</sub> were determined for mixtures of argon and neon over the entire composition range using a Loschmidt cell at 293.15 – 333.15 K and 1 – 10 bar. Before the measurements, the different pure gases were added into the two half-cells of the Loschmidt cell. After connecting both half-cells, the change in partial molar density, or rather in the refractive index has been detected simultaneously as a function of position and time within each half-cell using holographic interferometry. The binary diffusion coefficients obtained for the upper half-cell show systematic deviations from literature data. In contrast, the data measured in the lower half-cell are in excellent agreement with literature. Within the measurement uncertainty, the product of the molar density of the mixture and <em>D</em><sub>ij</sub> is not affected by the pressure.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200037/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=5821f8d5cc14a781b0e179f70201154b36fc4e92" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200037/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=229930d795c840a84a1b1895af0da8ca4f5be631"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Mit einer neuen Loschmidt-Zelle kombiniert mit holografischer Interferometrie werden experimentell ermittelte Diffusionskoeffizienten für Ar/Ne-Mischungen in Abhängigkeit der Temperatur, des Drucks und der Konzentration vorgestellt. Das Produkt aus molarer Mischungsdichte und binärem Diffusionskoeffizient zeigt im Rahmen der Messunsicherheit keine signifikante Druckabhängigkeit. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Für Argon/Neon-Gemische wurden über den gesamten Zusammensetzungsbereich binäre Diffusionskoeffizienten Dij mittels einer Loschmidt-Zelle bei 293,15 – 333,15 K und 1 – 10 bar bestimmt. Die beiden Halbzellen der Loschmidt-Zelle wurden vor Beginn der Messungen mit den unterschiedlichen Reingasen befüllt. Nach Verbindung der beiden Halbzellen wurde die Veränderung der partiellen Moldichte bzw. des Brechungsindex als Funktion von Ort und Zeit mittels holografischer Interferometrie detektiert. Die hieraus erhaltenen Daten für Dij zeigen im Vergleich zu Literaturdaten in der oberen Halbzelle systematische Abweichungen. Für die entsprechenden Werte der unteren Halbzelle kann dagegen eine sehr gute Übereinstimmung mit der Literatur gefunden werden. Das Produkt aus molarer Mischungsdichte und Dij weist im Rahmen der Messunsicherheit keine signifikante Abhängigkeit vom Druck auf.

Binary diffusion coefficients Dij were determined for mixtures of argon and neon over the entire composition range using a Loschmidt cell at 293.15 – 333.15 K and 1 – 10 bar. Before the measurements, the different pure gases were added into the two half-cells of the Loschmidt cell. After connecting both half-cells, the change in partial molar density, or rather in the refractive index has been detected simultaneously as a function of position and time within each half-cell using holographic interferometry. The binary diffusion coefficients obtained for the upper half-cell show systematic deviations from literature data. In contrast, the data measured in the lower half-cell are in excellent agreement with literature. Within the measurement uncertainty, the product of the molar density of the mixture and Dij is not affected by the pressure.
Mit einer neuen Loschmidt-Zelle kombiniert mit holografischer Interferometrie werden experimentell ermittelte Diffusionskoeffizienten für Ar/Ne-Mischungen in Abhängigkeit der Temperatur, des Drucks und der Konzentration vorgestellt. Das Produkt aus molarer Mischungsdichte und binärem Diffusionskoeffizient zeigt im Rahmen der Messunsicherheit keine signifikante Druckabhängigkeit. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200035" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Laserbasierte Generierung matrixbinderfreier Nanopartikel-Polymerkomposite für bioaktive MedizinprodukteLaser-Based Generation of Nanocomposites without Matrix-Coupling Agents for Bioactive Medical Devices</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200035</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Laserbasierte Generierung matrixbinderfreier Nanopartikel-Polymerkomposite für bioaktive MedizinprodukteLaser-Based Generation of Nanocomposites without Matrix-Coupling Agents for Bioactive Medical Devices</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Andreas Schwenke, Philipp Wagener, André Weiß, Klaus Klimenta, Heinz Wiegel, Laszlo Sajti, Stephan Barcikowski</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-02-18T03:29:44.539841-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200035</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200035</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200035</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Forschungsarbeit</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">740</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">746</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Zur Ausschöpfung des Potenzials funktionaler Nanomaterialen bedarf es neuartiger Produktionsverfahren, die die Dispersion der Nanopartikel entlang der Prozesskette sicherstellen. Am Beispiel von Medizinprodukten mit antibakteriellem Schutz vor Biofilmbildung auf Basis von Silbernanopartikeln werden die Volumenintegration in Kunststoffe und die Nanopartikelsynthese durch Laserabtrag in Flüssigkeiten vorgestellt. Die antibakterielle Wirksamkeit der Nanokomposite und Verarbeitbarkeit zu Prototypen werden gezeigt.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>New production technologies are required to benefit of the full potential of nanocomposites by homogeneous dispersion of nanoparticles along the process chain. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles by laser ablation in liquid and their integration into polymers are presented. Antibacterial properties of these materials and processability into prototypes for medical devices with antibacterial protection are demonstrated.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200035/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=c2236e621ecc4ed05f932bde117edbcf82f5af45" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200035/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=f89d89fc9bda91b3d12e2e1674ac1a6a9807f96d"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Die Nanopartikelsynthese und agglomeratfreie Volumenintegration in Kunststoffe durch Einsatz des Laserabtrags in Flüssigkeit werden am Beispiel bioaktiver Medizinprodukte mit antibakteriellem Schutz auf Basis von Silbernanopartikeln vorgestellt. Die Verarbeitbarkeit zu Prototypen wird demonstriert. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Zur Ausschöpfung des Potenzials funktionaler Nanomaterialen bedarf es neuartiger Produktionsverfahren, die die Dispersion der Nanopartikel entlang der Prozesskette sicherstellen. Am Beispiel von Medizinprodukten mit antibakteriellem Schutz vor Biofilmbildung auf Basis von Silbernanopartikeln werden die Volumenintegration in Kunststoffe und die Nanopartikelsynthese durch Laserabtrag in Flüssigkeiten vorgestellt. Die antibakterielle Wirksamkeit der Nanokomposite und Verarbeitbarkeit zu Prototypen werden gezeigt.

New production technologies are required to benefit of the full potential of nanocomposites by homogeneous dispersion of nanoparticles along the process chain. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles by laser ablation in liquid and their integration into polymers are presented. Antibacterial properties of these materials and processability into prototypes for medical devices with antibacterial protection are demonstrated.
Die Nanopartikelsynthese und agglomeratfreie Volumenintegration in Kunststoffe durch Einsatz des Laserabtrags in Flüssigkeit werden am Beispiel bioaktiver Medizinprodukte mit antibakteriellem Schutz auf Basis von Silbernanopartikeln vorgestellt. Die Verarbeitbarkeit zu Prototypen wird demonstriert. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200119" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Screening of Porous Materials by Thermal Response Measurements</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200119</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Screening of Porous Materials by Thermal Response Measurements</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Matthias Leistner, Wulf Grählert, Stefan Kaskel</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-02-18T03:29:33.230553-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200119</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200119</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200119</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Communication</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">747</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">752</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Adsorption thermal response screening by optical adsorption calorimetry was recently demonstrated to be a versatile tool for rapid surface area and adsorption capacity testing of porous materials. Beyond the high throughput approach, further insight in possibilities and application examples for the method will be presented. Especially a rapid classification of porous materials regarding their pore properties and the possibility to evaluate adsorption kinetics by using thermal response measurements will be discussed.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200119/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=557bc484705c0df86806e827a37f0889e162b075" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200119/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=f06e9173506af6f941da410b989c55b094688102"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The temperature change of porous material upon exposure to a test gas (thermal response) can provide information about the adsorbent properties in a rapid way. Application examples for the prospective use of this novel method are given and discussed. The versatility of the thermal response method as a screening tool for porous materials is demonstrated. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Adsorption thermal response screening by optical adsorption calorimetry was recently demonstrated to be a versatile tool for rapid surface area and adsorption capacity testing of porous materials. Beyond the high throughput approach, further insight in possibilities and application examples for the method will be presented. Especially a rapid classification of porous materials regarding their pore properties and the possibility to evaluate adsorption kinetics by using thermal response measurements will be discussed.
The temperature change of porous material upon exposure to a test gas (thermal response) can provide information about the adsorbent properties in a rapid way. Application examples for the prospective use of this novel method are given and discussed. The versatility of the thermal response method as a screening tool for porous materials is demonstrated. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200067" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Partikelcharakterisierung in hochkonzentrierten Dispersionen – Grundlegende Untersuchungen zu einer neuen UltraschallmethodeParticle Characterization within Highly Concentrated Dispersions – Fundamental Studies of a New Ultrasound Method</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200067</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Partikelcharakterisierung in hochkonzentrierten Dispersionen – Grundlegende Untersuchungen zu einer neuen UltraschallmethodeParticle Characterization within Highly Concentrated Dispersions – Fundamental Studies of a New Ultrasound Method</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Robert Weser, Benno Wessely, Sebastian Wöckel, Ulrike Hempel</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-01-29T06:10:36.090444-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200067</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200067</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200067</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Wissenschaftliche Kurzmitteilung</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">753</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">757</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Es wird eine neue Methode zur inlinefähigen Partikelcharakterisierung in hochkonzentrierten Dispersionen mittels Ultraschallrückstreuung vorgestellt, die sensitiv gegenüber der Partikelgröße und der Konzentration ist. Eine Analyse der Ultraschallrückstreusignale liefert neben der Schalldämpfung zusätzlich ein Maß für die Streuintensität. Die Messung kann ohne Probenahme und minimalinvasiv direkt im Prozess erfolgen.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>A new method for inline characterization of particles in high concentrated dispersions by ultrasonic backscattering is described, that is sensitive against particle size and concentration. Analyzing the backscattering signal yields the sound attenuation as well as a scattering intensity equivalent. The measurement can be performed without sampling and minimally invasive directly in the process.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200067/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=dbd989bc7d9dff24330479f6bfbf89ce1ff6002d" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200067/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=49001c6e64b2b49b1978a38acee706c833289178"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Eine neue Methode zur Partikelcharakterisierung in hochkonzentrierten Dispersionen auf Basis der Ultraschallstreuung wird vorgestellt. Das Verfahren ermöglicht minimalinvasive Inline-Messungen direkt im Prozess. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Es wird eine neue Methode zur inlinefähigen Partikelcharakterisierung in hochkonzentrierten Dispersionen mittels Ultraschallrückstreuung vorgestellt, die sensitiv gegenüber der Partikelgröße und der Konzentration ist. Eine Analyse der Ultraschallrückstreusignale liefert neben der Schalldämpfung zusätzlich ein Maß für die Streuintensität. Die Messung kann ohne Probenahme und minimalinvasiv direkt im Prozess erfolgen.

A new method for inline characterization of particles in high concentrated dispersions by ultrasonic backscattering is described, that is sensitive against particle size and concentration. Analyzing the backscattering signal yields the sound attenuation as well as a scattering intensity equivalent. The measurement can be performed without sampling and minimally invasive directly in the process.
Eine neue Methode zur Partikelcharakterisierung in hochkonzentrierten Dispersionen auf Basis der Ultraschallstreuung wird vorgestellt. Das Verfahren ermöglicht minimalinvasive Inline-Messungen direkt im Prozess. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200116" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Alkalischer Polyolaufschluss als Basis für eine Lignocellulose-BioraffinerieLignocellulose Feedstock Biorefinery Based on Alkaline Polyol Pulping</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200116</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Alkalischer Polyolaufschluss als Basis für eine Lignocellulose-BioraffinerieLignocellulose Feedstock Biorefinery Based on Alkaline Polyol Pulping</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Martin Hundt, Norman Engel, Michael G. Schnitzlein, Klaus Schnitzlein</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-03-06T04:10:21.397602-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201200116</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201200116</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201200116</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Wissenschaftliche Kurzmitteilung</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">758</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">763</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[
<h3 xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ol="http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/ol/xsl-lib">Abstract</h3>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Um Lignocellulose als nachwachsende Rohstoffquelle für die chemische Industrie zu erschließen, müssen nachhaltige Aufschlussverfahren entwickelt werden. Es wird ein neuartiger Prozess vorgestellt, mit dem nicht nur einjährige Faserpflanzen oder Laubholz, sondern auch widerstandsfähigeres Nadelholz effektiv fraktioniert werden können. Der erhaltene hochreine Zellstoff ist frei von inhibierenden Abbauprodukten und lässt sich nahezu vollständig enzymatisch hydrolysieren.</p></div>

<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The utilization of lignocellulose as renewable feedstock for the chemical industry necessitates the development of sustainable pulping processes. A new process is introduced enabling the effective fractionation not only of annual fiber plants or hardwood but also of more resistant softwoods. The resulting ultrapure pulp is free of inhibiting degradation products and can be almost completely enzymatically hydrolyzed.</p></div>
<a title="Link to full-size graphical abstract" class="figZoom" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200116/asset/image_m/mcontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=0f887337cafd53eabdbaebe816583b1c34b6bea7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><img alt="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" title="Thumbnail image of graphical abstract" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/cite.201200116/asset/image_n/ncontent.gif?v=1&amp;s=9c715b4361f5ba66e84ce85ab974cc0dc84dbf3f"/></a>
<div class="para" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Der Aufschluss von Lignocellulose ist die Grundvoraussetzung für deren Nutzung als nachwachsende Rohstoffquelle in der chemischen Industrie. Der hier vorgestellte neu- artige Prozess fraktioniert selbst widerstandsfähige Nadelhölzer innerhalb weniger Minuten und liefert hochwertige Zwischenprodukte für eine weiterführende stoffliche Verwertung. </p><!--Unmatched element: w:blockFixed--></div>
]]></content:encoded><description>

Um Lignocellulose als nachwachsende Rohstoffquelle für die chemische Industrie zu erschließen, müssen nachhaltige Aufschlussverfahren entwickelt werden. Es wird ein neuartiger Prozess vorgestellt, mit dem nicht nur einjährige Faserpflanzen oder Laubholz, sondern auch widerstandsfähigeres Nadelholz effektiv fraktioniert werden können. Der erhaltene hochreine Zellstoff ist frei von inhibierenden Abbauprodukten und lässt sich nahezu vollständig enzymatisch hydrolysieren.

The utilization of lignocellulose as renewable feedstock for the chemical industry necessitates the development of sustainable pulping processes. A new process is introduced enabling the effective fractionation not only of annual fiber plants or hardwood but also of more resistant softwoods. The resulting ultrapure pulp is free of inhibiting degradation products and can be almost completely enzymatically hydrolyzed.
Der Aufschluss von Lignocellulose ist die Grundvoraussetzung für deren Nutzung als nachwachsende Rohstoffquelle in der chemischen Industrie. Der hier vorgestellte neu- artige Prozess fraktioniert selbst widerstandsfähige Nadelhölzer innerhalb weniger Minuten und liefert hochwertige Zwischenprodukte für eine weiterführende stoffliche Verwertung. 






</description></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390043" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Process Understanding. Von I. Houson.</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390043</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Process Understanding. Von I. Houson.</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">T. Röder</dc:creator><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-23T02:06:51.415888-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201390043</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201390043</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390043</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Buchbesprechung</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">764</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">764</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[]]></content:encoded><description/></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390044" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Vorschau: Chem. Ing. Tech. 6/2013</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390044</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Vorschau: Chem. Ing. Tech. 6/2013</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-23T02:06:51.415888-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201390044</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201390044</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390044</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Vorschau</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">766</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">766</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[]]></content:encoded><description/></item><item rdf:about="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390045" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"><title>Überblick Inhalt: Chem. Eng. Technol. 5/2013</title><link>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390045</link><dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Überblick Inhalt: Chem. Eng. Technol. 5/2013</dc:title><dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2013-04-23T02:06:51.415888-05:00</dc:date><dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">doi:10.1002/cite.201390045</dc:identifier><dc:rights xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"/><dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</dc:publisher><prism:doi xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">10.1002/cite.201390045</prism:doi><prism:url xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fcite.201390045</prism:url><prism:section xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">Überblick</prism:section><prism:startingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">767</prism:startingPage><prism:endingPage xmlns:prism="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/">767</prism:endingPage><content:encoded xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><![CDATA[]]></content:encoded><description/></item></rdf:RDF>