Volume 18, Issue 6
Research Article

Multiple imputation of missing blood pressure covariates in survival analysis

S. van Buuren

Corresponding Author

E-mail address: S.vanBuuren@pg.tno.nl

TNO Prevention and Health, Department of Statistics, P.O. Box 2215, 2301 CE Leiden, The Netherlands

TNO Prevention and Health, Department of Statistics, P.O. Box 2215, 2301 CE Leiden, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this author
H. C. Boshuizen

TNO Prevention and Health, Department of Statistics, P.O. Box 2215, 2301 CE Leiden, The Netherlands

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D. L. Knook

Leiden University, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands

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Abstract

This paper studies a non‐response problem in survival analysis where the occurrence of missing data in the risk factor is related to mortality. In a study to determine the influence of blood pressure on survival in the very old (85+ years), blood pressure measurements are missing in about 12·5 per cent of the sample. The available data suggest that the process that created the missing data depends jointly on survival and the unknown blood pressure, thereby distorting the relation of interest. Multiple imputation is used to impute missing blood pressure and then analyse the data under a variety of non‐response models. One special modelling problem is treated in detail; the construction of a predictive model for drawing imputations if the number of variables is large. Risk estimates for these data appear robust to even large departures from the simplest non‐response model, and are similar to those derived under deletion of the incomplete records. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Number of times cited according to CrossRef: 1081

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