Body composition by bioelectric impedance and densitometry in black women
Abstract
Limited body composition data are available on the adult black population, particularly women. This study examined the accuracy of bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) in predicting hydrostatically measured percentage body fat (% fat) in 98 physically active, eumenorrheic black females. BIA values were also compared to a standard anthropometric method using seven skinfolds. Whole‐body bioresistance (R) was obtained using an RJL Instrument Model BIA‐101. Fat‐free mass (FFM) was predicted from the equation of Lukaski et al. (J. Appl. Physiol. 60:1327–1332, 1986). Body density was measured by hydrostatic weighing (HW) with residual lung volume determined simultaneously. Percent fat was calculated using the Siri (Techniques for Measuring Body Composition, Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences, pp. 223–244, 1961) equation. Compared to HW, BIA significantly underestimated mean FFM (42.8 kg vs. 47.0 kg) and overestimated mean % fat (30.2% vs. 23.4%). Conversely, prediction of % fat and FFM from the sum of seven skinfolds were similar to the criterion values from HW (22.7% vs. 23.4%; 47.4 kg vs. 47.0 kg). Although standard errors of the estimate (SEEs) were similar for BIA (±4.0%) and skinfold (±3.5%) methods, the systematic overestimation of % fat with BIA resulted in only 27 out of 98 black women (28%) having a predicted % fat value within ±4 percentage points of the criterion % fat. In a group of white women (n = 116), % fat values (mean ± SD) were similar between BIA and HW (25.6% ± 6.5 vs. 24.3 ± 5.6). An explanation for this observed racial difference is not readily discernible. Probable variables that may contribute to the higher whole body resistance values for black women include racial differences in skin resistance, body shape and proportions, and relative bone and muscle mass. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Number of times cited: 11
- Robert L. Newton, Anthony Alfonso, Emily York-Crowe, Heather Walden, Marney A. White, Donna Ryan and Donald A. Williamson, Comparison of Body Composition Methods in Obese African-American Women*, Obesity, 14, 3, (415), (2006).
- MITCHELL A. COLLINS, MINDY L. MILLARD-STAFFORD, ELLEN M. EVANS, TERESA K. SNOW, KIRK J. CURETON and LINDA B. ROSSKOPF, Effect of Race and Musculoskeletal Development on the Accuracy of Air Plethysmography, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 36, 6, (1070), (2004).
- MELINDA L. MILLARD-STAFFORD, MITCHELL A. COLLINS, ELLEN M. EVANS, TERESA K. SNOW, KIRK J. CURETON and LINDA B. ROSSKOPF, Use of air displacement plethysmography for estimating body fat in a four-component model, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 33, 8, (1311), (2001).
- Melinda L. Millard-Stafford, Mitchell A. Collins, Christopher M. Modlesky, Teresa K. Snow and Linda B. Rosskopf, Effect of race and resistance training status on the density of fat-free mass and percent fat estimates, Journal of Applied Physiology, 91, 3, (1259), (2001).
- MITCHELL A. COLLINS, MELINDA L. MILLARD-STAFFORD, PHILLIP B. SPARLING, TERESA K. SNOW, LINDA B. ROSSKOPF, STEPHANIE A. WEBB and JAY OMER, Evaluation of the BOD POD?? for assessing body fat in collegiate football players, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 31, 9, (1350), (1999).
- Manuel Revilla, FélixJavier Jiménez-Jiménez, LuisFrancisco Villa, EmmaRosa Hernández, Miguel Ortı́-Pareja, Teresa Gasalla and Horacio Rico, Body composition in Parkinson’s disease: a study with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, 4, 3, (137), (1998).
- MELINDA L. IRWIN, BARBARA E. AINSWORTH, LISA M. STOLARCZYK and VIVIAN H. HEYWARD, Predictive accuracy of skinfold equations for estimating body density of African-American women, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 30, 11, (1654), (1998).
- William Cameron Chumlea, Anthropometric assessment of nutritional status in renal disease, Journal of Renal Nutrition, 7, 4, (176), (1997).
- BARBARA E. AINSWORTH, LISA M. STOLARCZYK, VIVIAN H. HEYWARD, CAROLYNN B. BERRY, MELINDA L. IRWIN and LAURA M. MUSSULMAN, Predictive accuracy of bioimpedance in estimating fat-free mass of African-American women, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 29, 6, (781), (1997).
- Wm. Cameron Chumlea and Shumei S. Guo, Bioelectrical Impedance and Body Composition: Present Status and Future Directions, Nutrition Reviews, 52, 4, (123-131), (2009).
- Shumei S. Guo, Philip R. Khoury, Bonny Specker, James Heubi, Wm. Cameron Chumlea, Roger M. Siervogel and John A. Morrison, Prediction of fat‐free mass in black and white pre‐adolescent and adolescent girls from anthropometry and impedance, American Journal of Human Biology, 5, 6, (735-745), (2005).
