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Somatic mosaicism for copy number variation in differentiated human tissues*

Arkadiusz Piotrowski

Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama

Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland

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Carl E.G. Bruder

Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama

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Robin Andersson

Linnaeus Centre for Bioinformatics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

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Teresita Diaz de Ståhl

Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

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Uwe Menzel

Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

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Johanna Sandgren

Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

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Andrzej Poplawski

Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama

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Desiree von Tell

Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama

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Chiquito Crasto

Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama

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Adam Bogdan

Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland

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Rafal Bartoszewski

Department of Cell Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama

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Zsuzsa Bebok

Department of Cell Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama

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Maciej Krzyzanowski

Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland

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Zbigniew Jankowski

Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland

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E. Christopher Partridge

Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama

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Jan Komorowski

Linnaeus Centre for Bioinformatics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

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Jan P. Dumanski

Corresponding Author

E-mail address:jdumanski@genetics.uab.edu

Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama

Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Medical School, 1530 3rd. Ave. S., Kaul 420, Birmingham, AL 35294‐0024
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First published: 20 June 2008
Cited by: 118
*

Communicated by Ian N.M. Day

Abstract

Two major types of genetic variation are known: single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and a more recently discovered structural variation, involving changes in copy number (CNVs) of kilobase‐ to megabase‐sized chromosomal segments. It is unknown whether CNVs arise in somatic cells, but it is, however, generally assumed that normal cells are genetically identical. We tested 34 tissue samples from three subjects and, having analyzed for each tissue ≤10–6 of all cells expected in an adult human, we observed at least six CNVs, affecting a single organ or one or more tissues of the same subject. The CNVs ranged from 82 to 176 kb, often encompassing known genes, potentially affecting gene function. Our results indicate that humans are commonly affected by somatic mosaicism for stochastic CNVs, which occur in a substantial fraction of cells. The majority of described CNVs were previously shown to be polymorphic between unrelated subjects, suggesting that some CNVs previously reported as germline might represent somatic events, since in most studies of this kind, only one tissue is typically examined and analysis of parents for the studied subjects is not routinely performed. A considerable number of human phenotypes are a consequence of a somatic process. Thus, our conclusions will be important for the delineation of genetic factors behind these phenotypes. Consequently, biobanks should consider sampling multiple tissues to better address mosaicism in the studies of somatic disorders. Hum Mutat 0,1–7, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Number of times cited: 118

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