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The effects of a new mouthrinse containing chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride and zinc lactate on the microflora of oral halitosis patients: a dual‐centre, double‐blind placebo‐controlled study

S. Roldán

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

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E. G. Winkel

Clinic for Periodontology Amsterdam

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D. Herrera

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

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M. Sanz

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

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A. J. Van Winkelhoff

Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam

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First published: 25 April 2003
Cited by: 57
Address:
Dr Silvia Roldán
Department of Periodontology
Facultad de Odontología
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Spain
Tel.: +34 91 381 8836
e‐mail: srd1971@teleline.es

Abstract

en

Aim: This study evaluated the microbial effects of a newly formulated mouthwash (Halita®) on oral halitosis patients.

Methods: Forty subjects were included in this dual‐centre, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled parallel study. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to select patients. At baseline and at 2 weeks post‐treatment, full‐mouth organoleptic odor scores, level of volatile sulphur compounds (VSC) and the Winkel Tongue Coating Index were recorded. Standardized samples of tongue coating, saliva and subgingival plaque were microbiologically investigated. Participants were randomly assigned to the test or placebo groups.

Results: High prevalences were observed for Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia and Porphyromonas gingivalis in tongue coating, saliva and subgingival plaque samples. A significant positive correlation between baseline total counts of P. gingivalis in saliva samples and organoleptic and VSC scores was found. Two weeks post‐treatment there was a reduction in total anaerobic counts in all samples in the test group. A significant positive correlation was observed between the reduction in total counts in saliva samples and the reduction in organoleptic scores in the test group. Significant reductions in total counts and proportions of F. nucleatum and total counts of P. intermedia in tongue coating samples were observed in the test group.

Conclusions: The test mouthwash demonstrated efficacy in reducing the microbiological parameters in three oral niches in moderate to severe halitosis patients without periodontitis, and this was correlated with the improvements in organoleptic and VSC scores but not with the tongue coating scores.

Zusammenfassung

de

Die Effekte einer neuen Chlorhexidin, Cetylpyridinchlorid und Zinklaktat enthaltenden Mundspülung auf die Mikroflora von Patienten mit oraler Halitosis: eine Zweizentren doppelt blinde und mit Placebo kontrollierte Studie

Ziel: Diese Studie überprüfte die mikrobiologischen Effekte eines neu zusammengesetzten Mundwassers (Halita®) bei Patienten mit oraler Halitosis.

Methoden: 40 Personen wurden in diese Zweizentrenstudie, die doppelt blind und mit Placebo parallel kontrolliert war, einbezogen. Einschluss‐ und Ausschlusskriterien wurden bei der Auswahl der Patienten genutzt. Zur Basis und 2 Wochen nach der Behandlung wurden ein Mundodor Score, der Level von volatilen Schwefelbestandteilen (VSC) und der Winkel Zungenbelagindex aufgezeichnet. Standardisierte Proben des Zungenbelags, des Speichels und der subgingivalen Plaque wurden mikrobiologisch untersucht. Die Teilnehmer wurden zufällig zu der Test‐oder der Placebogruppe zugeordnet.

Ergebnisse: Eine hohe Prävalenz von Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia und Porphyromonas gingivalis wurde im Zungenbelag, im Speichel und in den subgingivalen Plaqueproben beobachtet. Eine signifikante positive Korrelation zwischen dem totalen Gehalt von P. gingivalis zur Basis im Speichel, den organoleptischen und VSC Werten wurde gefunden. Zwei Wochen nach der Behandlung war eine Reduktion im totalen anaeroben Bakteriengehalt in allen Proben der Testgruppe zu beobachten. Eine signifikante positive Korrelation wurde zwischen der Reduktion im totalen Gehalt in den Speichelproben und der Reduktion in den organoleptischen Werten in der Testgruppe beobachtet. Eine signifikante Reduktion im totalen Gehalt und den Proportionen von F. nucleatum und dem totalen Gehalt von P. intermedia im Zungenbelag wurde in der Testgruppe beobachtet.

Schlussfolgerungen: Das getestete Mundwasser demonstrierte die Effizienz in der Reduktion der mikrobiologischen Parameter in drei oralen Nischen bei Patienten mit moderater bis schwerer Halitosis ohne Parodontitis. Diese Ergebnisse waren korreliert mit der Verbesserung der organoleptischen und VSC Werte, aber nicht mit den Werten des Zungenbelags.

Resumé

fr

Effets d'un nouveau bain de bouche contenant de la chlorhexidine, du chlorure de cétylpyridinium et du lactacte de zinc sur la microflore de patients présentant une halitose : une étude contrôlée en double aveugle

Cette étude a évalué les effets microbiens d'une nouvelle solution (Halita®) chez des patients présentant une halitose. Quarante patients ont été inclus dans cette étude parallèle, contrôlée, en double aveugle, effectuée dans deux centres. Des critères d'inclusion et d'exclusion ont été utilisés pour sélectionner les patients. Lors de l'examen initial et deux semaines après le traitement, les scores d'odeur organoleptique de toute la bouche, le niveau des composés sulfure volatiles (VSC) et l'indice de langue chargée de Winkel ont été enregistrés. Des échantillons standardisés du recouvrement de la langue, de la salive et de la plaque sous‐gingivale ont été analysés microbiologiquement. Les patients ont été répartis de manière randomisée dans les groupes test et placebo. Des fréquences globales élevées ont été observées pour le Fusobacterium nucleatum, le Prevotella intermedia et le Porphyromonas gingivalis sur la langue, dans la salive et dans les échantillons de plaque sous‐gingivale. Une relation positive significative existait entre les comptages totaux lors de l'examen initial de P. gingivalis dans les échantillons de salive et les scores VSC et organoleptiques. Deux semaines après le traitement, une réduction dans les comptages anaéorobies totaux dans tous les échantillons du groupe test a été constatée. Une relation positive significative a été observée entre la réduction des comptages totaux dans les échantillons salivaires et la réduction des scores organoleptiques dans le groupe test. Des réductions significatives dans les comptages totaux et les proportions de F. nucleatum et les comptages totaux de P. intermedia dans les échantillons provenant de la langue ont été observés dans le groupe test. Le bain de bouche test a démontré son efficacitéà réduire les paramètres microbiologiques dans trois niches buccales chez des patients avec halitose modérée à sévère sans parodontite, d'où la corrélation avec les améliorations des scores organoleptiques et VSC et non avec les scores de l'indice de langue chargée.

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