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Original Article

Development of orthographic knowledge in German‐speaking children: a 2‐year longitudinal study

Elena Ise

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Munich, , Germany

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Carolin Judith Arnoldi

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Munich, , Germany

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Gerd Schulte‐Körne

Corresponding Author

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Munich, , Germany

Address for correspondence: Gerd Schulte‐Körne, University Hospital Munich, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Nußbaumstraße 5a, 80336 München, Germany. E‐mail:

gerd.schulte‐koerne@med.uni‐muenchen.de

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First published: 10 July 2012
Cited by: 5

Abstract

There is growing evidence that children develop orthographic knowledge from the very beginning of literacy acquisition. This study investigated the development of German‐speaking children's orthographic knowledge with a nonword choice task. One nonword in each pair contained a frequent consonant doublet (zommul) and the other nonword contained an infrequent doublet (zobbul). Children (N = 54) performed at chance level in kindergarten but chose nonwords with frequent doublets significantly more often than expected by chance in first and second grade. Correlations between children's orthographic knowledge and their reading and spelling skills were not found. The results indicate that knowledge of frequent double consonants is evident in German‐speaking children from first grade onwards, but it is not related to their reading and spelling performance. This finding is consistent with the view that children in transparent orthographies rely less on frequent letter patterns during reading and spelling compared to children in deep orthographies.

Number of times cited: 5

  • , Development of Orthographic Awareness, Morphological Awareness and Rapid Automatized Naming of Elementary-level Students in China: A Longitudinal Analysis from Grades 1 to 4, Current Medical Science, 10.1007/s11596-018-1884-3, 38, 2, (336-341), (2018).
  • , Sensitivity to the Regularity of Letter Patterns Within Print Among Preschoolers: Implications for Emerging Literacy, Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 10.1080/02568543.2018.1497736, 32, 4, (379-391), (2018).
  • , Knowledge of conditional spelling patterns supports word spelling among Danish fifth graders, Journal of Research in Reading, 40, 3, (313-332), (2016).
  • , What do we do with what we learn? Statistical learning of orthographic regularities impacts written word processing, Cognition, 163, (103), (2017).
  • , A comparison of orthographic processing in children with and without reading and spelling disorder in a regular orthography, Reading and Writing, 28, 9, (1307), (2015).