Journal of Traumatic Stress
Brief Report

The Moderating Effect of Childhood Maltreatment on the Relations Among PTSD Symptoms, Positive Urgency, and Negative Urgency

Matthew Price

Corresponding Author

E-mail address: Matthew.Price@uvm.edu

Center for Research on Emotion, Stress, and Technology, Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA

Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Matthew Price, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington, VT 05401. E‐mail: Matthew.Price@uvm.eduSearch for more papers by this author
Julie P. Connor

Center for Research on Emotion, Stress, and Technology, Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA

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Holley C. Allen

Center for Research on Emotion, Stress, and Technology, Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA

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First published: 12 July 2017
Citations: 3

This research study was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (1K08MH107661‐01A1; PI: Price) and a Small Faculty Research Award (PI: Price).

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Abstract

en

Childhood maltreatment increases the risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and comorbid substance use disorder (SUD). One pathway by which this occurs is through impaired emotion regulation. Past research has shown that negative urgency, a deficit in the regulation of negative emotions, is strongly related to PTSD in those with comorbid SUD. However, there is minimal research on the relation between positive urgency and PTSD in those with comorbid SUD. The current study investigated the association between childhood maltreatment, positive urgency, negative urgency, and PTSD symptoms among those with SUD. Results suggested that PTSD was associated with negative urgency and positive urgency overall. Childhood maltreatment did not moderate the association between negative urgency and PTSD. Childhood emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and sexual abuse moderated the relation between positive urgency and PTSD (ΔR 2 = .04 to .10). The association between PTSD and positive urgency was only significant at lower levels of emotional abuse and neglect. Future research should further examine the processing of positive emotions in those with PTSD and comorbid SUD. Findings might inform clinical interventions among populations exposed to childhood maltreatment to reduce or prevent the development of psychopathology.

Resumen

es

Spanish Abstracts by the Asociación Chilena de Estrés Traumático (ACET)

El maltrato infantil aumenta el riesgo de trastorno por estrés postraumático (TEPT) y trastorno por uso de sustancias comórbidas (SUD). Una vía por la cual ésto ocurre es a través de la regulación emocional deteriorada. Investigaciones anteriores han demostrado que la urgencia negativa, un déficit en la regulación de las emociones negativas, está fuertemente relacionada con el TEPT en aquellos con SUD comórbido. Sin embargo, hay investigación mínima sobre la relación entre la urgencia positiva y el TEPT en aquellos con SUD comórbido. El presente estudio investigó la asociación entre el maltrato infantil, la urgencia positiva, la urgencia negativa y los síntomas del TEPT entre aquellos que tenían SUD. Los resultados sugieren que el TEPT se asoció con urgencia negativa y urgencia positiva en general. El maltrato infantil no moderó la asociación entre la urgencia negativa y el TEPT. El maltrato emocional infantil, la negligencia emocional y el abuso sexual moderaron la relación entre la urgencia positiva y el TEPT (ΔR2 = .04 a .10). La asociación entre el TEPT y la urgencia positiva sólo fue significativa en los niveles más bajos de abuso y negligencia emocional. La investigación futura debería examinar más a fondo el procesamiento de emociones positivas en aquellos con TEPT y SUD comórbido. Los hallazgos podrían informar las intervenciones clínicas en poblaciones expuestas a maltrato infantil para reducir o prevenir el desarrollo de psicopatología.

摘要

zh

Traditional and Simplified Chinese Abstracts by AsianSTSS

Traditional Chinese

標題: 創傷後壓力症狀和對正面及負面事件的倉促反應的關連間, 童年虐待的調節效應

撮要: 童年虐待會提升患創傷後壓力症(PTSD)和藥物使用失常(SUD)共病的風險, 情緒調節的功能損傷是其發生的路徑之一。對負面事件的倉促反應(negative urgency)是一種負面情緒調節的缺陷。過往研究證實, 在有SUD共病的患者中, 對負面事件的倉促反應跟PTSD有強大關連。可是, 目前為止, 少有研究檢視在有SUD共病的患者中, 對正面事件的倉促反應(positive urgency)與PTSD的關連。本研究探查在SUD患者當中, 童年虐待、對正面及負面事件的倉促反應、和PTSD症狀之間的關連。結果反映, PTSD大致上跟對正面及負面事件的倉促反應相關。童年虐待並沒有在對負面事件的倉促反應和PTSD的關連間造成調節效應。童年的情緒虐待、情緒受冷落和性虐待在對正面事件的倉促反應和PTSD的關連間, 構成調節效應(∆R2 = .04 to.10)。只有情緒虐待和情緒受冷落在較低水平時, PTSD與對正面事件的倉促反應之間的關連才顯著。日後的研究需進一步檢視有PTSD和SUD共病患者其處理正向情緒的方式。研究結果可能有助我們為曾受童年虐待的患者提供臨床干預治療, 減輕和預防心理疾病。

Simplified Chinese

标题: 创伤后压力症状和对正面及负面事件的仓促反应的关连间, 童年虐待的调节效应

撮要: 童年虐待会提升患创伤后压力症(PTSD)和药物使用失常(SUD)共病的风险, 情绪调节的功能损伤是其发生的路径之一。对负面事件的仓促反应(negative urgency)是一种负面情绪调节的缺陷。过往研究证实, 在有SUD共病的患者中, 对负面事件的仓促反应跟PTSD有强大关连。可是, 目前为止, 少有研究检视在有SUD共病的患者中, 对正面事件的仓促反应(positive urgency)与PTSD的关连。本研究探查在SUD患者当中, 童年虐待、对正面及负面事件的仓促反应、和PTSD症状之间的关连。结果反映, PTSD大致上跟对正面及负面事件的仓促反应相关。童年虐待并没有在对负面事件的仓促反应和PTSD的关连间造成调节效应。童年的情绪虐待、情绪受冷落和性虐待在对正面事件的仓促反应和PTSD的关连间, 构成调节效应(∆R2 = .04 to.10)。只有情绪虐待和情绪受冷落在较低水平时, PTSD与对正面事件的仓促反应之间的关连才显著。日后的研究需进一步检视有PTSD和SUD共病患者其处理正向情绪的方式。研究结果可能有助我们为曾受童年虐待的患者提供临床干预治疗, 减轻和预防心理疾病。

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