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Pistia stratiotes L. and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms.: emerging invasive alien hydrophytes in Campania and Sardinia (Italy)

G. Brundu,

Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio (DIPNET), Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy

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A. Stinca,

Dipartimento di Arboricoltura, Botanica e Patologia Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Napoli, Italy

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L. Angius,

Regione Sardegna, Assessorato della Difesa dell'Ambiente, Servizio Tutela della Natura, Cagliari, Italy

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G. Bonanomi,

Dipartimento di Arboricoltura, Botanica e Patologia Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Napoli, Italy

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L. Celesti-Grapow,

Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università 'La Sapienza', Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy

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G. D'Auria,

Regione Campania – SeSIRCA, Servizio Fitosanitario Regionale, Laboratorio Fitopatologico, Via Don Bosco 9/E, 80141 Napoli, Italy

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R. Griffo,

Regione Campania – SeSIRCA, Servizio Fitosanitario Regionale, Laboratorio Fitopatologico, Via Don Bosco 9/E, 80141 Napoli, Italy

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A. Migliozzi,

Dipartimento di Arboricoltura, Botanica e Patologia Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Napoli, Italy

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R. Motti,

Dipartimento di Arboricoltura, Botanica e Patologia Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Napoli, Italy

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P. Spigno,

Regione Campania – SeSIRCA, Servizio Fitosanitario Regionale, Laboratorio Fitopatologico, Via Don Bosco 9/E, 80141 Napoli, Italy

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First published: 12 December 2012
Citations: 16
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Abstract

en

This article provides general information on the distribution and presence of invasive macrophytes in Italy and describes and discusses two hydrophyte invasion case studies: Eichhornia crassipes in Sardinia and Pistia stratiotes in Campania. The two invasions took place in the same period, but mechanical removal intervention started only in Sardinia, even if costly and unsuccessful in the long term. Two main pathways are responsible for the presence of these two species in Italy, i.e. introduction as ornamentals and investigation and use for phytoremediation. The drafting of a national strategy on biological invasions is a priority for Italy and several specific action plans for species and habitats, as in the case of inland waters, are required. Furthermore, there is the need for regulations in the trade sector of invasive plant species and to evaluate the possibilities for biological control for established aquatic alien invaders.

Pistia stratiotes L. et Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms.: des hydrophytes exotiques envahissantes nouvelles en Campania et Sardinia (Italie)

fr

Cet article donne des informations générales sur la répartition géographique et la présence de macrophytes envahissantes en Italie et décrit et discute deux cas d'invasion par des hydrophytes: Eichhornia crassipes en Sardinia et Pistia stratiotes en Campania. Les deux invasions ont eu lieu à la même période mais l'intervention d'élimination mécanique n'a commencé qu'en Sardinia, même si elle s'est révélée couteuse et n'a pas réussi sur le long terme. Deux filières principales sont responsables de la présence de ces deux espèces en Italie, à savoir l'introduction comme plante d'ornement et la recherche et l'utilisation en phytoremédiation. La rédaction d'une stratégie nationale sur les invasions biologiques est une priorité pour l'Italie et plusieurs plans d'actions sont nécessaires pour des espèces et des habitats spécifiques, comme dans le cas des eaux intérieures. Par ailleurs, il y a besoin de réglementations dans le secteur du commerce des plantes envahissantes et pour évaluer les possibilités de lutte biologique pour les plantes envahissantes aquatiques qui sont établies.

Pistia stratiotes L. и Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.). Solms.: пoявившийcя инвaзивный чyжepoдный гидpoфит в Кaмпaнии и нa Capдинии (Итaлия)

ru

B cтaтьe пpeдcтaвлeнa oбщaя инфopмaция пo pacпpeдeлeнию и пpиcyтcтвию инвaзивныx мaкpoфитoв в Итaлии, дaeтcя oпиcaниe и пpивoдитcя oбcyждeниe двyx кoнкpeтныx иccлeдoвaний пo инвaзиям гидpoфитoв: Eichhornia crassipes в Capдинии и Pistia stratiotes в Кaмпaнии. Oбe инвaзии имeли мecтo в oдин и тoт жe пepиoд, oднaкo мexaничecкoe yдaлeниe былo нaчaтo тoлькo в Capдинии, xoтя, c yчeтoм пepcпeктивы, oнo oкaзaлocь дopoгocтoящим и нeyдaчным. Двa ocнoвныx пyти pacпpocтpaнeния oтвeтcтвeнны зa пpиcyтcтвиe этиx двyx видoв в Итaлии: интpoдyкция в кaчecтвe дeкopaтивныx pacтeний, a тaкжe для нayчныx цeлeй, и иcпoльзoвaниe для фитoвoccтaнoвлeния. Coздaниe нaциoнaльнoй cтpaтeгии бopьбы пpoтив биoлoгичecкиx инвaзий являeтcя пpиopитeтoм для Итaлии и тpeбyeт нecкoлькиx кoнкpeтныx плaнoв дeйcтвий пo видaм и cpeдaм oбитaния, в чacтнocти, для внyтpeнниx вoд. Кpoмe тoгo, cyщecтвyeт нeoбxoдимocть в peгyлиpoвaнии тopгoвли в oтнoшeнии инвaзивныx видoв pacтeний, a тaкжe в oцeнкe вoзмoжнocтeй биoлoгичecкoй бopьбы c aкклимaтизиpoвaвшимиcя вoдными чyжepoдными вpeдными opгaнизмaми.

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