Essay
Oligomerization of Ethylene to α‐Olefins: Discovery and Development of the Shell Higher Olefin Process (SHOP)
Abstract
enLuck, talent, and hard work: Currently, over a million tons of α‐olefins are manufactured per annum using the Shell Higher Olefin Process (SHOP). The discovery of the process was the result of correct model conceptions and lucky coincidence. W. Keim, one of the main participants in the development of SHOP, gives a personal account of the events.
Citing Literature
Number of times cited: 90
- Jun Wang, Na Zhang, Cuiqin Li, Weiguang Shi and Zhiyu Lin, Synthesis and Ethylene Oligomerization of Hyperbranched Salicylaldimine Nickel Complexes, Advances in Polymer Technology, 37, 2, (629-636), (2016).
- Christophe Copéret, Florian Allouche, Ka Wing Chan, Matthew P. Conley, Murielle F. Delley, Alexey Fedorov, Ilia B. Moroz, Victor Mougel, Margherita Pucino, Keith Searles, Keishi Yamamoto and Pavel A. Zhizhko, Bridging the Gap between Industrial and Well‐Defined Supported Catalysts, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 57, 22, (6398-6440), (2018).
- Christophe Copéret, Florian Allouche, Ka Wing Chan, Matthew P. Conley, Murielle F. Delley, Alexey Fedorov, Ilia B. Moroz, Victor Mougel, Margherita Pucino, Keith Searles, Keishi Yamamoto and Pavel A. Zhizhko, , Angewandte Chemie, 130, 22, (6506-6551), (2018).
- George M. Whitesides, Complex Organic Synthesis: Structure, Properties, and/or Function?, Israel Journal of Chemistry, 58, 1-2, (142-150), (2018).
- Peyman Bigdeli, Majid Abdouss and Sadegh Abedi, Ti alkoxide-based catalyst system in selective ethylene dimerization: High performance through modifying by alkylsilanes, Chemical Engineering Communications, 205, 1, (102), (2018).
- Bárbara Rodríguez, Diego Cortés-Arriagada, Elvia P. Sánchez-Rodríguez, R. Alfredo Toscano, M. Carmen Ortega-Alfaro, Jose G. López-Cortés, Alejandro Toro-Labbé and Rene S. Rojas, B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 Promotes the catalytic activation of [N,S]-ferrocenyl nickel complexes in ethylene oligomerization, Applied Catalysis A: General, 10.1016/j.apcata.2017.11.015, 550, (228-235), (2018).
- R. J. Sullivan and S. G. Newman, Chiral auxiliary recycling in continuous flow: automated recovery and reuse of Oppolzer's sultam, Chemical Science, (2018).
- James D. Nobbs, Atanas K. Tomov, Craig T. Young, Andrew J. P. White and George J. P. Britovsek, From alternating to selective distributions in chromium-catalysed ethylene oligomerisation with asymmetric BIMA ligands, Catalysis Science & Technology, (2018).
- Damien P. Debecker, Innovative Sol‐Gel Routes for the Bottom‐Up Preparation of Heterogeneous Catalysts, The Chemical Record, 18, 7-8, (662-675), (2017).
- Xiaoyu Ren, Christophe Gourlaouen, Marcel Wesolek and Pierre Braunstein, Tritopic NHC Precursors: Unusual Nickel Reactivity and Ethylene Insertion into a C(sp3)–H Bond, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 56, 41, (12557-12560), (2017).
- Jessica Allard, Idriss Curbet, Guillaume Chollet, Fabien Tripoteau, Sophie Sambou, Frédéric Caijo, Yann Raoul, Christophe Crévisy, Olivier Baslé and Marc Mauduit, Bleaching Earths as Powerful Additives for Ru‐Catalyzed Self‐Metathesis of Non‐Refined Methyl Oleate at Pilot Scale, Chemistry – A European Journal, 23, 52, (12729-12734), (2017).
- Xiaoyu Ren, Christophe Gourlaouen, Marcel Wesolek and Pierre Braunstein, Tritopic NHC Precursors: Unusual Nickel Reactivity and Ethylene Insertion into a C(sp3)–H Bond, Angewandte Chemie, 129, 41, (12731-12734), (2017).
- Aman Ullah and Muhammad Arshad, Remarkably Efficient Microwave‐Assisted Cross‐Metathesis of Lipids under Solvent‐Free Conditions, ChemSusChem, 10, 10, (2167-2174), (2017).
- Ahron Hwang, Sungtak Kim, Geunjae Kwak, Seok Ki Kim, Hae-Gu Park, Seok Chang Kang, Ki-Won Jun and Yong Tae Kim, Low Temperature Oligomerization of Ethylene over Ni/Al-KIT-6 Catalysts, Catalysis Letters, 147, 6, (1303), (2017).
- Guangzhi Song, Lihua Guo, Qing Du, Wenyu Kong, Weimin Li and Zhe Liu, Highly active mono and bis-ligated iminopyridyl nickel catalysts for 1-hexene reactions, Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.12.030, (2017).
- Árpád Molnár, George A. Olah and G. K. Surya Prakash, Oligomerization and Polymerization, Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Two Volume Set, (1001-1111), (2017).
- B. Hari Babu, Maeum Lee, Dong Won Hwang, Youngmin Kim and Ho-Jeong Chae, An integrated process for production of jet-fuel range olefins from ethylene using Ni-AlSBA-15 and Amberlyst-35 catalysts, Applied Catalysis A: General, 530, (48), (2017).
- Atanas K. Tomov, James D. Nobbs, Juan J. Chirinos, Prabhjot K. Saini, Robert Malinowski, Sarah K. Y. Ho, Craig T. Young, David S. McGuinness, Andrew J. P. White, Mark R. J. Elsegood and George J. P. Britovsek, Alternating α-Olefin Distributions via Single and Double Insertions in Chromium-Catalyzed Ethylene Oligomerization, Organometallics, 36, 3, (510), (2017).
- Rutger A. Santen, Heterogeneous Catalytic Processes, Modern Heterogeneous Catalysis, (15-58), (2017).
- Eun Ho Kim, Hyun Mo Lee, Myoung Sun Jeong, Ji Yeon Ryu, Junseong Lee and Bun Yeoul Lee, Methylaluminoxane-Free Chromium Catalytic System for Ethylene Tetramerization, ACS Omega, 10.1021/acsomega.6b00506, 2, 3, (765-773), (2017).
- Pinjun Ji, Lihua Guo, Xiaohui Hu and Weimin Li, Ethylene polymerization by salicylaldimine Nickel(II) complexes derived from arylnaphthylamine, Journal of Polymer Research, 10.1007/s10965-017-1190-y, 24, 2, (2017).
- David Bézier, Olafs Daugulis and Maurice Brookhart, Oligomerization of Ethylene Using a Diphosphine Palladium Catalyst, Organometallics, 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00850, 36, 2, (443-447), (2017).
- Miguel I. Gonzalez, Julia Oktawiec and Jeffrey R. Long, Ethylene oligomerization in metal–organic frameworks bearing nickel(ii) 2,2′-bipyridine complexes, Faraday Discussions, 201, (351), (2017).
- R. Kuhlmann, S. Schmitz, K. Haßmann, A. Prüllage and A. Behr, Synthesis of N,N- dimethylformamide from carbon dioxide in aqueous biphasic solvent systems, Applied Catalysis A: General, 10.1016/j.apcata.2017.03.037, 539, (90-96), (2017).
- Bruce S. Xin, Naomasa Sato, Akio Tanna, Yasuo Oishi, Yohei Konishi and Fumihiko Shimizu, Nickel Catalyzed Copolymerization of Ethylene and Alkyl Acrylates, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 10.1021/jacs.6b13051, 139, 10, (3611-3614), (2017).
- Dennis-Helmut Manz, Peng-Cheng Duan, Sebastian Dechert, Serhiy Demeshko, Rainer Oswald, Michael John, Ricardo A. Mata and Franc Meyer, Pairwise H 2 /D 2 Exchange and H 2 Substitution at a Bimetallic Dinickel(II) Complex Featuring Two Terminal Hydrides , Journal of the American Chemical Society, 10.1021/jacs.7b08629, 139, 46, (16720-16731), (2017).
- Wanyuan Li, Lihua Guo and Weimin Li, Anilinotropone nickel catalyzed tandem ethylene oligomerization and Friedel-Crafts addition to toluene, Molecular Catalysis, 10.1016/j.mcat.2016.12.019, 433, (122-127), (2017).
- Y. Ganjkhanlou, G. Berlier, E. Groppo, E. Borfecchia and S. Bordiga, In Situ Investigation of the Deactivation Mechanism in Ni-ZSM5 During Ethylene Oligomerization, Topics in Catalysis, 60, 19-20, (1664), (2017).
- Zhuoran Xu, Dongting Zhao, Joseph P. Chada, Devon C. Rosenfeld, Jessica L. Rogers, Ive Hermans and George W. Huber, Olefin conversion on nitrogen-doped carbon-supported cobalt catalyst: Effect of feedstock, Journal of Catalysis, 354, (213), (2017).
- Jacob E. Dander and Neil K. Garg, Breaking Amides using Nickel Catalysis, ACS Catalysis, 7, 2, (1413), (2017).
- Christopher P. Nicholas, Applications of light olefin oligomerization to the production of fuels and chemicals, Applied Catalysis A: General, 10.1016/j.apcata.2017.06.011, 543, (82-97), (2017).
- Kotohiro Nomura, Takato Mitsudome, Atsushi Igarashi, Go Nagai, Ken Tsutsumi, Toshiaki Ina, Takuya Omiya, Hikaru Takaya and Seiji Yamazoe, Synthesis of (Adamantylimido)vanadium(V) Dimethyl Complex Containing (2-Anilidomethyl)pyridine Ligand and Selected Reactions: Exploring the Oxidation State of the Catalytically Active Species in Ethylene Dimerization, Organometallics, 36, 3, (530), (2017).
- Séverine Forget, Hélène Olivier‐Bourbigou and Damien Delcroix, Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Nickel‐Catalyzed Olefin Oligomerization: Experimental Investigation for a Common Mechanistic Proposition and Catalyst Optimization, ChemCatChem, 9, 12, (2408-2417), (2017).
- Julia Großeheilmann, Jesse R. Vanderveen, Philip G. Jessop and Udo Kragl, Switchable‐Hydrophilicity Solvents for Product Isolation and Catalyst Recycling in Organocatalysis, ChemSusChem, 9, 7, (696-702), (2016).
- George J. P. Britovsek and David S. McGuinness, A DFT Mechanistic Study on Ethylene Tri‐ and Tetramerization with Cr/PNP Catalysts: Single versus Double Insertion Pathways, Chemistry – A European Journal, 22, 47, (16891-16896), (2016).
- Alexander Dennig, Sara Kurakin, Miriam Kuhn, Andela Dordic, Mélanie Hall and Kurt Faber, Enzymatic Oxidative Tandem Decarboxylation of Dioic Acids to Terminal Dienes, European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2016, 21, (3473-3477), (2016).
- George S. Nyamato, Mohd. Gulfam Alam, Stephen O. Ojwach and Matthew P. Akerman, Nickel(II) complexes bearing pyrazolylpyridines: synthesis, structures and ethylene oligomerization reactions, Applied Organometallic Chemistry, 30, 2, (89-94), (2015).
- Dong Hwan Lee, Eun Ho Kim, Jong Yeob Jeon, Su Hyun Park, Myoung Sun Jeong, Yi Young Kang, Junseong Lee and Bun Yeoul Lee, Preparation of zwitterion-type chromium(II) complexes for ethylene oligomerization, Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 803, (13), (2016).
- Yuanyuan Xie, Ping Chen, Lei Hua, Keyong Hou, Yongchao Wang, Haiyan Wang and Haiyang Li, Rapid Identification and Quantification of Linear Olefin Isomers by Online Ozonolysis-Single Photon Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry, Journal of The American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 10.1007/s13361-015-1238-3, 27, 1, (144-152), (2015).
- Nandita M. Weliange, David S. McGuinness, Michael G. Gardiner and Jim Patel, Cobalt-bis(imino)pyridine complexes as catalysts for hydroalumination–isomerisation of internal olefins, Dalton Transactions, 10.1039/C6DT01113F, 45, 26, (10842-10849), (2016).
- Mary L. Harrell, Thomas Malinski, Coralys Torres-López, Kimberly Gonzalez, Jakkrit Suriboot and David E. Bergbreiter, Alternatives for Conventional Alkane Solvents, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 10.1021/jacs.6b07967, 138, 44, (14650-14657), (2016).
- Zhuoran Xu, Joseph P. Chada, Dongting Zhao, Carlos A. Carrero, Yong Tae Kim, Devon C. Rosenfeld, Jessica L. Rogers, Steven J. Rozeveld, Ive Hermans and George W. Huber, Production of Linear Octenes from Oligomerization of 1-Butene over Carbon-Supported Cobalt Catalysts, ACS Catalysis, 6, 6, (3815), (2016).
- Markus Stürzel, Shahram Mihan and Rolf Mülhaupt, From Multisite Polymerization Catalysis to Sustainable Materials and All-Polyolefin Composites, Chemical Reviews, 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00310, 116, 3, (1398-1433), (2015).
- Rasmus Y. Brogaard and Unni Olsbye, Ethene Oligomerization in Ni-Containing Zeolites: Theoretical Discrimination of Reaction Mechanisms, ACS Catalysis, 6, 2, (1205), (2016).
- Na Zhang, Sihan Wang, Lei Song, Cuiqin Li and Jun Wang, Iron (II) complexes with hyperbranched salicylaldimine ligands: Synthesis, characterization and ethylene oligomerization, Inorganica Chimica Acta, 10.1016/j.ica.2016.08.043, 453, (369-375), (2016).
- Alexander Dennig, Anja Thiessenhusen, Stefan Gilch, Thomas Haas and Mélanie Hall, Biotechnologische Herstellung terminaler Alkene und Diene, BIOspektrum, 22, 6, (614), (2016).
- XueJiao Meng, Le Zhang, YanHui Chen and Tao Jiang, Silane-bridged diphosphine ligands for nickel-catalyzed ethylene oligomerization, Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis, 10.1007/s11144-016-1056-z, 119, 2, (481-490), (2016).
- Andreas A. Danopoulos, Pierre Braunstein and H. Olivier-Bourbigou, Ligand Control of the Metal Coordination Sphere: Structures, Reactivity and Catalysis, Oil & Gas Science and Technology – Revue d’IFP Energies nouvelles, 10.2516/ogst/2015047, 71, 2, (24), (2016).
- Joanna Lach, Normen Peulecke, Peter G. Jones, Ina Dix and Joachim W. Heinicke, α-Phosphanyl amino acids: Diphenylphosphanyl glycines with a chiral N -substituent, Polyhedron, 10.1016/j.poly.2016.07.011, 117, (795-802), (2016).
- Shengyu Dai, Xuelin Sui and Changle Chen, Synthesis of high molecular weight polyethylene using iminopyridyl nickel catalysts, Chem. Commun., 10.1039/C6CC00457A, 52, 58, (9113-9116), (2016).
- I. I. Moiseev, Biotechnology is storming the heights of petrochemistry, Kinetics and Catalysis, 57, 4, (405), (2016).
- Wei Wang, Hui Wei, Eric Knoshaug, Stefanie Van Wychen, Qi Xu, Michael E. Himmel and Min Zhang, Fatty alcohol production in Lipomyces starkeyi and Yarrowia lipolytica, Biotechnology for Biofuels, 9, 1, (2016).
- Vincent Ritleng, Mickaël Henrion and Michael J. Chetcuti, Nickel N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed C–Heteroatom Bond Formation, Reduction, and Oxidation: Reactions and Mechanistic Aspects, ACS Catalysis, 6, 2, (890), (2016).
- Mathieu Rouen, Pierre Queval, Etienne Borré, Laura Falivene, Albert Poater, Mikaël Berthod, François Hugues, Luigi Cavallo, Olivier Baslé, Hélène Olivier-Bourbigou and Marc Mauduit, Selective Metathesis of α-Olefins from Bio-Sourced Fischer–Tropsch Feeds, ACS Catalysis, 10.1021/acscatal.6b01428, 6, 11, (7970-7976), (2016).
- Hideki Yamanaka, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Tsutomu Sakuragi, Masa-aki Ohshima, Sayoko Nagashima, Hideki Kurokawa and Hiroshi Miura, Ethylene oligomerization using quinoline-imine nickel(II) complex immobilized in fluorotetrasilicic mica interlayer by one-pot preparation method, Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 10.1016/j.molcata.2016.10.005, 425, (275-282), (2016).
- Jun Wang, Na Zhang, Cui Qin Li, Wei Guang Shi and Zhi Yu Lin, Nickel complexes based on hyperbranched salicylaldimine ligands: Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic properties for ethylene oligomerization, Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.08.022, 822, (104-111), (2016).
- Marko Kirtz, Janosch Klebensberger, Konrad B. Otte, Sven M. Richter and Bernhard Hauer, Production of ω-hydroxy octanoic acid with Escherichia coli, Journal of Biotechnology, 230, (30), (2016).
- Xiangqing Jia and Zheng Huang, Conversion of alkanes to linear alkylsilanes using an iridium–iron-catalysed tandem dehydrogenation–isomerization–hydrosilylation, Nature Chemistry, 8, 2, (157), (2016).
- Zhuo Cheng and Cynthia S. Lo, Propagation of Olefin Metathesis to Propene on WO3 Catalysts: A Mechanistic and Kinetic Study, ACS Catalysis, 5, 1, (59), (2015).
- Sophie Hameury, Pierre de Frémont, Pierre-Alain R. Breuil, Hélène Olivier-Bourbigou and Pierre Braunstein, Bis(ether-functionalized NHC) Nickel(II) Complexes, Trans to Cis Isomerization Triggered by Water Coordination, and Catalytic Ethylene Oligomerization , Organometallics, 10.1021/om5008506, 34, 11, (2183-2201), (2015).
- Brooke L. Small, Discovery and Development of Pyridine-bis(imine) and Related Catalysts for Olefin Polymerization and Oligomerization, Accounts of Chemical Research, 48, 9, (2599), (2015).
- Mickaël Henrion, Vincent Ritleng and Michael J. Chetcuti, Nickel N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed C–C Bond Formation: Reactions and Mechanistic Aspects, ACS Catalysis, 10.1021/cs5014927, 5, 2, (1283-1302), (2015).
- George J. P. Britovsek, David S. McGuinness, Tanita S. Wierenga and Craig T. Young, Single- and Double-Coordination Mechanism in Ethylene Tri- and Tetramerization with Cr/PNP Catalysts, ACS Catalysis, 5, 7, (4152), (2015).
- George S. Nyamato, Mohd Gulfam Alam, Stephen O. Ojwach and Matthew P. Akerman, (Pyrazolyl)-(phosphinoyl)pyridine iron(II), cobalt(II) and nickel(II) complexes: Synthesis, characterization and ethylene oligomerization studies, Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.02.015, 783, (64-72), (2015).
- Jong Yeob Jeon, Dong Sik Park, Dong Hwan Lee, Seong Chan Eo, Seong Yeon Park, Myoung Sun Jeong, Yi Young Kang, Junseong Lee and Bun Yeoul Lee, A chromium precursor for the Phillips ethylene trimerization catalyst: (2-ethylhexanoate)2CrOH, Dalton Transactions, 44, 24, (11004), (2015).
- Pierre Boulens, Emmanuel Pellier, Erwann Jeanneau, Joost N. H. Reek, Hélène Olivier-Bourbigou and Pierre-Alain R. Breuil, Self-Assembled Organometallic Nickel Complexes as Catalysts for Selective Dimerization of Ethylene into 1-Butene, Organometallics, 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00055, 34, 7, (1139-1142), (2015).
- George J. P. Britovsek, Robert Malinowski, David S. McGuinness, James D. Nobbs, Atanas K. Tomov, Andrew W. Wadsley and Craig T. Young, Ethylene Oligomerization beyond Schulz–Flory Distributions, ACS Catalysis, 5, 11, (6922), (2015).
- Manuel A. Escobar, Oleksandra S. Trofymchuk, Barbara E. Rodriguez, Claudia Lopez-Lira, Ricardo Tapia, Constantin Daniliuc, Heinz Berke, Fabiane M. Nachtigall, Leonardo S. Santos and Rene S. Rojas, Lewis Acid Enhanced Ethene Dimerization and Alkene Isomerization—ESI-MS Identification of the Catalytically Active Pyridyldimethoxybenzimidazole Nickel(II) Hydride Species, ACS Catalysis, 10.1021/acscatal.5b02003, 5, 12, (7338-7342), (2015).
- Tom Welton, Solvents and sustainable chemistry, Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Science, 10.1098/rspa.2015.0502, 471, 2183, (20150502), (2015).
- Xianghao Liu, Mélanie Boucher, Pierre de Frémont and Pierre Braunstein, Room-temperature C–H activation of the phosphino-ketone Ph2PCH2C(O)Ph leading to an iridium(III) complex with a hybrid phosphino-enolate ligand, Comptes Rendus Chimie, 10.1016/j.crci.2015.03.014, 18, 7, (790-796), (2015).
- Nandita M. Weliange, David S. McGuinness, Michael G. Gardiner and Jim Patel, Insertion and isomerisation of internal olefins at alkylaluminium hydride: catalysis with zirconocene dichloride, Dalton Transactions, 10.1039/C5DT03257A, 44, 46, (20098-20107), (2015).
- Pierre-Alain R. Breuil, Lionel Magna and Hélène Olivier-Bourbigou, Role of Homogeneous Catalysis in Oligomerization of Olefins : Focus on Selected Examples Based on Group 4 to Group 10 Transition Metal Complexes, Catalysis Letters, 10.1007/s10562-014-1451-x, 145, 1, (173-192), (2014).
- A.P. Prakasham and Prasenjit Ghosh, Nickel N-heterocyclic carbene complexes and their utility in homogeneous catalysis, Inorganica Chimica Acta, 10.1016/j.ica.2014.11.005, 431, (61-100), (2015).
- Mohammed Ghalib, Peter G. Jones and Joachim W. Heinicke, [(Lithiumbenzazaphospholine-2-carboxylate-κP)Rh(COD)Cl] — The first structurally characterized phosphinoalkanoate RhCl complex with Rh–Cl…alkali metal interactions, Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 57, (66), (2015).
- Joanna Lach, Normen Peulecke, Markus K. Kindermann, Gottfried J. Palm, Martin Köckerling and Joachim W. Heinicke, α-Phosphanyl amino acids: synthesis, structure and properties of alkyl and heterocyclic N-substituted diphenylphosphanylglycines, Tetrahedron, 10.1016/j.tet.2015.05.101, 71, 30, (4933-4945), (2015).
- Qiang Liu, Lipeng Wu, Ivana Fleischer, Detlef Selent, Robert Franke, Ralf Jackstell and Matthias Beller, Development of a Ruthenium/Phosphite Catalyst System for Domino Hydroformylation–Reduction of Olefins with Carbon Dioxide, Chemistry – A European Journal, 20, 23, (6888-6894), (2014).
- Mitsuhiro Okada, Yuushou Nakayama and Takeshi Shiono, Heterogenization of an Anilinonaphthoquinone‐Chelated Nickel Complex for Ethylene Polymerization Using Silica‐Supported Modified Methylaluminoxane, Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 215, 18, (1792-1796), (2014).
- Annie Finiels, François Fajula and Vasile Hulea, Nickel-based solid catalysts for ethylene oligomerization – a review, Catal. Sci. Technol., 10.1039/C4CY00305E, 4, 8, (2412-2426), (2014).
- Graham E. Dobereiner, Gulin Erdogan, Casey R. Larsen, Douglas B. Grotjahn and Richard R. Schrock, A One-Pot Tandem Olefin Isomerization/Metathesis-Coupling (ISOMET) Reaction, ACS Catalysis, 4, 9, (3069), (2014).
- Thomas Wiedemann, Gregor Voit, Alexandra Tchernook, Philipp Roesle, Inigo Göttker-Schnetmann and Stefan Mecking, Monofunctional Hyperbranched Ethylene Oligomers, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 136, 5, (2078), (2014).
- Tobias Friedberger, Joseph W. Ziller and Zhibin Guan, Ruthenium(IV) Complexes for Ethylene Insertion Polymerization, Organometallics, 10.1021/om5001343, 33, 8, (1913-1916), (2014).
- I. I. Moiseev, The triumph of catalysis by metal complexes, Kinetics and Catalysis, 55, 5, (535), (2014).
- David S. McGuinness, Bun Chan, George J. P. Britovsek and Brian F. Yates, Ethylene Trimerisation with Cr-PNP Catalysts: A Theoretical Benchmarking Study and Assessment of Catalyst Oxidation State, Australian Journal of Chemistry, 67, 10, (1481), (2014).
- Arno Behr, Nils Rentmeister, David Möller, Jonas Vosberg, Stephan Peitz and Dietrich Maschmeyer, Dimerization reactions with iron and cobalt bis(imino)pyridine catalysts: A substrate based approach, Catalysis Communications, 55, (38), (2014).
- Thibault Cheisson, Thi-Phuong-Anh Cao, Xavier F. Le Goff and Audrey Auffrant, Nickel Complexes Featuring Iminophosphorane–Phenoxide Ligands for Catalytic Ethylene Dimerization, Organometallics, 10.1021/om500880g, 33, 21, (6193-6199), (2014).
- Ji Hae Park, Young Eun Jang, Jong Yeob Jeon, Min Jeong Go, Junseong Lee, Sung Kwan Kim, Sang-Ick Lee and Bun Yeoul Lee, Preparation of ansa-metallocenes for production of poly(α-olefin) lubricants, Dalton Transactions, 43, 26, (10132), (2014).
- Soe Lwin and Israel E. Wachs, Olefin Metathesis by Supported Metal Oxide Catalysts, ACS Catalysis, 4, 8, (2505), (2014).
- Sophie Hameury, Pierre de Frémont, Pierre-Alain R. Breuil, Hélène Olivier-Bourbigou and Pierre Braunstein, Synthesis and Characterization of Palladium(II) and Nickel(II) Alcoholate-Functionalized NHC Complexes and of Mixed Nickel(II)–Lithium(I) Complexes, Inorganic Chemistry, 10.1021/ic500349t, 53, 10, (5189-5200), (2014).
- Pierre Braunstein, The Diversity of the Metal-Ligand Interplay in Coordination Chemistry†, Bulletin of Japan Society of Coordination Chemistry, 10.4019/bjscc.63.19, 63, 0, (19-28), (2014).
- Tracy L. Lohr and Tobin J. Marks, Orthogonal tandem catalysis, Nature Chemistry, 10.1038/nchem.2262, 7, 6, (477-482), (2015).
