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Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology
Mini‐review

Engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae for next generation ethanol production

Riaan den Haan

Corresponding Author

Department of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa

Correspondence to: Riaan den Haan, Department of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, Private bag X1, Matieland, South Africa, 7602. E‐mail:

rdh@sun.ac.za

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Heinrich Kroukamp

Department of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa

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Marlin Mert

Department of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa

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Marinda Bloom

Department of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa

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Johann F. Görgens

Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa

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Willem H. van Zyl

Department of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa

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First published: 28 February 2013
Cited by: 23

Abstract

Conversion of cellulose, hemicellulose or starch to ethanol via a biological route requires enzymatic conversion of these substrates to monosaccharides that can be assimilated by a fermenting organism. Consolidation of these events in a single processing step via a cellulolytic or amylolytic microorganism(s) is a promising approach to low‐cost production of fuels and chemicals. One strategy for developing a microorganism capable of such consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) involves engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae to expresses a heterologous enzyme system enabling (hemi)cellulose or starch utilization. The fundamental principle behind consolidated bioprocessing as a microbial phenomenon has been established through the successful expression of the major (hemi)cellulolytic and amylolytic activities in S. cerevisiae. Various strains of S. cerevisiae were subsequently enabled to grow on cellobiose, amorphous and crystalline cellulose, xylan and various forms of starch through the combined expression of these activities. Furthermore, host cell engineering and adaptive evolution have yielded strains with higher levels of secreted enzymes and greater resistance to fermentation inhibitors. These breakthroughs bring the application of CBP at commercial scale ever closer. This mini‐review discusses the current status of different aspects related to the engineering of S. cerevisiae for next generation ethanol production. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry

Number of times cited: 23

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