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Categorization and Representation of Physics Problems by Experts and Novices*

Michelene T. H. Chi

Corresponding Author

University of Pittsburgh

Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. 15260
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First published: April 1981
Cited by: 2049
*

This research program, conducted at the Learning Research and Development center, is supported in part by contract no.N00014‐78‐C‐0375, NR 157‐421 of the Office of Naval Research and in part by the National Institute of Education. Portions of this paper were presented by the first author at the meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco, April 1979, and at the meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Phoenix, November 1979. The authors are grateful for the help of Andrew Judkis. Ted Rees, and Chridopher Roth, for comments, data collection, analysis, and citing. We particularly appreciate the generosity of the physics professors and graduate students who contributed their time, especially Ned S. VanderVen. Jill Larkin deserves special thanks for her contributions and insightful comments to Study Four.

Abstract

The representation of physics problems in relation to the organization of physics knowledge is investigated in experts and novices. Four experiments examine (a) the existence of problem categories as a basis for representation; (b) differences in the categories used by experts and novices; (c) differences in the knowledge associated with the categories; and (d) features in the problems that contribute to problem categorization and representation. Results from sorting tasks and protocols reveal that experts and novices begin their problem representations with specifiably different problem categories, and completion of the representations depends on the knowledge associated with the categories. For, the experts initially abstract physics principles to approach and solve a problem representation, whereas novices base their representation and approaches on the problem's literal features.

Number of times cited: 2049

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  • , Spatial Thinking in Geographic Information Science: Students' Geospatial Conceptions, Map-Based Reasoning, and Spatial Visualization Ability, Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 106, 1, (76), (2016).
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  • , Modeling Scientific Processes With Mathematics Equations Enhances Student Qualitative Conceptual Understanding and Quantitative Problem Solving, Science Education, 100, 2, (290-320), (2015).
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  • , The Effect of Reworking Exam Problems on Problem-Solving Performance in a Circuit Analysis Course: An Exploratory Study, IEEE Transactions on Education, 57, 2, (107), (2014).
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  • , A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION OF UNIVERSITY PHYSICS TEACHERS AND THE TEXTBOOKS THEY USE FOR THEIR TEACHING PURPOSES: BIOT-SAVART LAW AND AMPÈRE’S LAW, International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 12, 6, (1281), (2014).
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  • , Developing Expertise in Strength and Conditioning Coaching, Strength and Conditioning Journal, 36, 1, (9), (2014).
  • , Integrating intuitive and novel grounded concepts in a dynamic geometry learning environment, Computers & Education, 72, (231), (2014).
  • , Technology-based design and sustainable economic growth, Technovation, 34, 11, (663), (2014).
  • , How students find geographical analogues - Roles of individual’s knowledge and experience and the contents of target problems -, The Journal of The Korean Association of Geographic and Environmental Education, 22, 3, (71), (2014).
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  • , Seeing Change in Time: Video Games to Teach about Temporal Change in Scientific Phenomena, Journal of Science Education and Technology, 23, 3, (324), (2014).
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  • , ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS’ KNOWLEDGE OF MODEL FUNCTIONS AND MODELING PROCESSES: A COMPARISON OF SCIENCE AND NON-SCIENCE MAJORS, International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 12, 5, (1197), (2014).
  • , PRIOR KNOWLEDGE AND ONLINE INQUIRY-BASED SCIENCE READING: EVIDENCE FROM EYE TRACKING, International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 12, 3, (525), (2014).
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  • , A Study on the Influencing Factors of Continuous Usage Intention for a Scenario based FAQ Service regarding on Private Information Protection, Journal of Digital Convergence, 12, 2, (223), (2014).
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  • , KNOWLEDGE USE IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF GEOMETRY PROOF BY SRI LANKAN STUDENTS, International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 10, 4, (865), (2012).
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  • , Putting Inequality in Its Place: Rural Consciousness and the Power of Perspective, American Political Science Review, 106, 03, (517), (2012).
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  • , Item feature effects in evolution assessment, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 48, 3, (237-256), (2010).
  • , Using Paper‐and‐Pencil SOlutions to Assess Problem Solving Skill, Journal of Engineering Education, 100, 3, (498-519), (2013).
  • , CogSketch: Sketch Understanding for Cognitive Science Research and for Education, Topics in Cognitive Science, 3, 4, (648-666), (2011).
  • , Intragroup Conflict Under the Microscope: Micro‐Conflicts in Naturalistic Team Discussions, Negotiation and Conflict Management Research, 4, 4, (314-351), (2011).
  • , Justice sensitivity and the processing of justice‐related information, European Journal of Personality, 25, 5, (386-397), (2010).
  • , Tagging patterns in a derived community of interests within a social bookmarking site, Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 48, 1, (1-3), (2012).
  • , A computational account of children’s analogical reasoning: balancing inhibitory control in working memory and relational representation, Developmental Science, 14, 3, (516-529), (2010).
  • , The effect of directive tutor guidance on students' conceptual understanding of statistics in problem‐based learning, British Journal of Educational Psychology, 81, 2, (309-324), (2011).
  • , Rational heuristics: the ‘simple rules’ that strategists learn from process experience, Strategic Management Journal, 32, 13, (1437-1464), (2011).
  • , Measuring knowledge integration: Validation of four‐year assessments, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 48, 9, (1079-1107), (2011).
  • , Transforming energy instruction in middle school to support integrated understanding and future learning, Science Education, 95, 4, (670-699), (2010).
  • , Chapter 5 Judgments Based on Interpretation of “New” and “Complex” International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) within a Country: Evidence from Fiji, Achieving Global Convergence of Financial Reporting Standards: Implications from the South Pacific Region, 10.1108/S1479-3512(2011)0000022009, (79-103), (2015).
  • , Expert knowledge integration to model complex food processes. Application on the camembert cheese ripening process, Expert Systems with Applications, 38, 9, (11804), (2011).
  • , The empirical case for role-governed categories, Cognition, 118, 3, (359), (2011).
  • , Learner-controlled selection of tasks with different surface and structural features: Effects on transfer and efficiency, Computers in Human Behavior, 27, 1, (76), (2011).
  • , A Review and Model of Auditor Judgments in Fraud-Related Planning Tasks, AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 30, 4, (101), (2011).
  • , Identifying cross-domain distinguishing features of cognitive structure, Educational Technology Research and Development, 59, 6, (817), (2011).
  • , La notion de compétence : un modèle pour décrire, évaluer et développer les compétences, Le travail humain, 74, 1, (1), (2011).
  • , Chapter 4 Accounting Judgment and Decision-Making Research: Evaluation of Publications in Top-Tier Accounting Journals (1970–2010), Achieving Global Convergence of Financial Reporting Standards: Implications from the South Pacific Region, 10.1108/S1479-3512(2011)0000022008, (51-78), (2015).
  • , Improving Tree-Thinking One Learnable Skill at a Time, Evolution: Education and Outreach, 4, 1, (95), (2011).
  • , Personalizing the design of computer-based instruction to enhance learning, Research in Learning Technology, 6, 2, (2011).
  • , What Do Experts and Novices “See” in Evolutionary Problems?, Evolution: Education and Outreach, 4, 4, (666), (2011).
  • , Analysts’ accrual-related over-optimism: do analyst characteristics play a role?, Review of Accounting Studies, 16, 1, (59), (2011).
  • , Productive Gaming and the Case for Historiographic Game-Play, Gaming and Simulations, 10.4018/978-1-60960-195-9.ch415, (1124-1141), (2011).
  • , Auditors' going‐concern judgments: rigid, adaptive, or both?, Review of Accounting and Finance, 10, 1, (30), (2011).
  • , Interview Patterns for Requirements Elicitation, Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality, 10.1007/978-3-642-19858-8_9, (72-77), (2011).
  • , Where the attention is: Discovery learning in novel tangible environments, Interacting with Computers, 23, 5, (499), (2011).
  • , Conceptual Problem Solving in Physics, , 10.1016/B978-0-12-387691-1.00009-0, (269-298), (2011).
  • , Social Cognition and Its Relation to Psychosocial Adjustment in Children With Nonverbal Learning Disabilities, Journal of Learning Disabilities, 44, 1, (33), (2011).
  • , College Students' Understanding of the Carbon Cycle: Contrasting Principle-based and Informal Reasoning, BioScience, 61, 1, (65), (2011).
  • , BRING COMMON GROUND INTO ROBOTICS, International Journal of Humanoid Robotics, 08, 03, (607), (2011).
  • , The role of model building in problem solving and conceptual change, Interactive Learning Environments, 19, 3, (247), (2011).
  • , Evidence-based practice: a review of theoretical assumptions and effectiveness of teaching and assessment interventions in health professions, Advances in Health Sciences Education, 16, 2, (253), (2011).
  • , Children's Acquisition of Arithmetic Principles: The Role of Experience, Journal of Cognition and Development, 12, 3, (332), (2011).
  • , The effect of distributed practice on students’ conceptual understanding of statistics, Higher Education, 62, 1, (69), (2011).
  • , Semantic and perceptive organisation of Sauvignon blanc wine characteristics: Influence of expertise, Food Quality and Preference, 22, 1, (119), (2011).
  • , Aesthetics and Astronomy: Studying the Public’s Perception and Understanding of Imagery From Space, Science Communication, 33, 2, (201), (2011).
  • , The challenge of complexity for cognitive systems, Cognitive Systems Research, 12, 3-4, (211), (2011).
  • , Revisiting Graphicacy: The Roles of Graphicacy in the Digital Era and Tasks of Geographic Education, The Journal of The Korean Association of Geographic and Environmental Education, 19, 1, (1), (2011).
  • , Learning, Unlearning, and Relearning, E-Infrastructures and Technologies for Lifelong Learning, 10.4018/978-1-61520-983-5.ch012, (292-315), (2011).
  • , Students' Misconceptions About Medium-Scale Integrated Circuits, IEEE Transactions on Education, 54, 4, (637), (2011).
  • , Workplace-based assessment: effects of rater expertise, Advances in Health Sciences Education, 16, 2, (151), (2011).
  • , Assessing expertise in introductory physics using categorization task, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 7, 2, (2011).
  • , Strengthening the Educational Value of Undergraduate Participation in Research as Part of a Psychology Department Subject Pool, Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics, 6, 1, (75), (2011).
  • , A further study of productive failure in mathematical problem solving: unpacking the design components, Instructional Science, 39, 4, (561), (2011).
  • , References, Achieving Global Convergence of Financial Reporting Standards: Implications from the South Pacific Region, 10.1108/S1479-3512(2011)0000022012, (149-162), (2015).
  • , Engaging Students to Learn Through the Affective Domain: A new Framework for Teaching in the Geosciences, Journal of Geoscience Education, 59, 2, (71), (2011).
  • , Scaffolding problem solving in technology-enhanced learning environments (TELEs): Bridging research and theory with practice, Computers & Education, 56, 2, (403), (2011).
  • , Perception and Conceptualization of House Floor Plans: An Experimental Analysis, Environment and Behavior, 43, 2, (233), (2011).
  • , Representing the Electromagnetic Field: How Maxwell’s Mathematics Empowered Faraday’s Field Theory, Science & Education, 20, 7-8, (687), (2011).
  • , [NO TITLE AVAILABLE], Ciência & Educação (Bauru), 17, 4, (903), (2011).
  • , Using isomorphic problems to learn introductory physics, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 7, 2, (2011).
  • , On the Benefits and Pitfalls of Analogies for Innovative Design: Ideation Performance Based on Analogical Distance, Commonness, and Modality of Examples, Journal of Mechanical Design, 133, 8, (081004), (2011).
  • , Understanding student pathways in context-rich problems, Education and Information Technologies, 16, 4, (323), (2011).
  • , Event-based knowledge elicitation of operating room management decision-making using scenarios adapted from information systems data, BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 11, 1, (2011).
  • , Exploring the role of conceptual scaffolding in solving synthesis problems, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 7, 2, (2011).
  • , Impression Formation or Prediction? Category Fit and Task Influence Forensic Person Memory, Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice, 11, 5, (391), (2011).
  • , Positioning brand extensions in comparative advertising: An assessment of the roles of comparative brand similarity, comparative claims, and consumer product knowledge, Journal of Marketing Communications, 17, 4, (229), (2011).
  • 2011 Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE) Rapid City, SD, USA 2011 Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE) IEEE , (2011). 978-1-61284-469-5 978-1-61284-468-8 978-1-61284-467-1 Work in progress — Developing a cognitively based digital logic calculator , (2011). T2E-1 T2E-3 6142934 , 10.1109/FIE.2011.6142934 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6142934/
  • , A Model of Cognition: The Missing Cornerstone of Assessment, Educational Psychology Review, 23, 2, (221), (2011).
  • , Knowledge flows and graphic knowledge representations, Technology and Knowledge Flow, 10.1016/B978-1-84334-646-3.50005-8, (91-131), (2011).
  • , Creativity through design heuristics: A case study of expert product design, Design Studies, 32, 4, (384), (2011).
  • , Communication of Emotion in Social Robots through Simple Head and Arm Movements, International Journal of Social Robotics, 3, 2, (125), (2011).
  • , Sort and beer: Everything you wanted to know about the sorting task but did not dare to ask, Food Quality and Preference, 22, 6, (507), (2011).
  • , Choosing the right solution approach: The crucial role of situational knowledge in electricity and magnetism, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 7, 1, (2011).
  • , Broadening the Ontological Perspectives in Science Learning: Implications for Research and Practice in Science Teaching, Conceptual Structures for Discovering Knowledge, 10.1007/978-3-642-22688-5_38, (414-421), (2011).
  • , Enhancing Students’ Conceptual Understanding by Engaging Science Text with Reflective Writing as a Hermeneutical Circle, Science & Education, 20, 2, (159), (2011).
  • , Perspective Taking in Computer-Mediated Instructional Communication, Journal of Media Psychology, 23, 4, (192), (2011).
  • , The role of testimony in the evaluation of religious expertise, Religion, Brain & Behavior, 1, 2, (146), (2011).
  • , The Influence of Group Discussion on Students’ Responses and Confidence during Peer Instruction, Journal of Chemical Education, 88, 11, (1477), (2011).
  • , Leaders make mistakes: A multilevel consideration of why, The Leadership Quarterly, 22, 2, (239), (2011).
  • , ‘So what problems bother you and you are not speeding up your work?’ Problem solving talk at work, Discourse & Communication, 5, 3, (209), (2011).
  • , A probabilistic model of cross-categorization, Cognition, 120, 1, (1), (2011).
  • , The Role of Automatic, Bottom-Up Processes: In the Ubiquitous Patterns of Incorrect Answers to Science Questions, , 10.1016/B978-0-12-387691-1.00008-9, (227-267), (2011).
  • , Interference between electric and magnetic concepts in introductory physics, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 7, 1, (2011).
  • , Managers' Perceptual Errors Revisited: the Role of Knowledge Calibration, British Journal of Management, 21, 2, (299-312), (2009).
  • , Developing a hypothetical multi‐dimensional learning progression for the nature of matter, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 47, 6, (687-715), (2009).
  • , Concept Analysis of Similarity Applied to Nursing Diagnoses: Implications for Educators, International Journal of Nursing Terminologies and Classifications, 21, 4, (144-155), (2010).
  • , Teaching with principles: toward more effective pedagogy in ecology, Ecosphere, 1, 6, (1-10), (2010).
  • , The Education of Perception, Topics in Cognitive Science, 2, 2, (265-284), (2009).
  • , Perceptual Learning Modules in Mathematics: Enhancing Students’ Pattern Recognition, Structure Extraction, and Fluency, Topics in Cognitive Science, 2, 2, (285-305), (2009).
  • , Task Conflict, Problem‐Solving, and Yielding: Effects on Cognition and Performance in Functionally Diverse Innovation Teams, Negotiation and Conflict Management Research, 3, 4, (312-337), (2010).
  • , Identifying Nursing Concepts: Are We Similar?, International Journal of Nursing Terminologies and Classifications, 21, 3, (108-115), (2010).
  • , The impact of non‐performance information on ratings of job performance: A policy‐capturing approach, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31, 4, (587-608), (2009).
  • , Non‐mathematical problem solving in organic chemistry, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 47, 6, (643-660), (2009).
  • , Effects of domain experience in the stock–flow failure, System Dynamics Review, 26, 4, (347-354), (2010).
  • , The Impact of Technology on Creativity in Design: An Enhancement?, Creativity and Innovation Management, 19, 2, (180-191), (2010).
  • , The future of natural selection knowledge measurement: A reply to Anderson et al. (2010), Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 47, 3, (358-362), (2009).
  • , Naturalistic Heuristics for Decision Making, Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making, 4, 3, (256), (2010).
  • , Instructors’ reasons for choosing problem features in a calculus-based introductory physics course, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 6, 2, (2010).
  • , A Theoretical Survey for Framing the Learning-Based Approach to Interactive Product Design, Journal of Korea Design Forum, null, 29, (91), (2010).
  • , “Force-Talk” in Evolutionary Explanation: Metaphors and Misconceptions, Evolution: Education and Outreach, 3, 4, (605), (2010).
  • , Treatment of Individuals and Families Affected by Child Sexual Abuse: Defining Professional Expertise, Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 19, 1, (1), (2010).
  • , Questioning Chase and Simon's (1973) “Perception in Chess”: The “experience recognition” hypothesis, New Ideas in Psychology, 28, 1, (64), (2010).
  • , The Illogicality of Stock-Brokers: Psychological Experiments on the Effects of Prior Knowledge and Belief Biases on Logical Reasoning in Stock Trading, PLoS ONE, 5, 10, (e13483), (2010).
  • , Comparison of experienced and novice cost estimator behaviors in information pull and push methods, Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 37, 2, (290), (2010).
  • , From Addition to Multiplication … and Back: The Development of Students’ Additive and Multiplicative Reasoning Skills, Cognition and Instruction, 28, 3, (360), (2010).
  • , An Analysis of Knowledge Structure, Diversity and Diagnostic Abilities Among Pre-Service Science Teachers Within the Domain of Oxidation and Reduction Chemistry, Journal of Science Teacher Education, 21, 4, (411), (2010).
  • 2010 IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Research (ICCIC) Coimbatore, India 2010 IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Research IEEE , (2010). 978-1-4244-5965-0 Comparative study of engineering problem-solving models , (2010). 1 5 5705740 , 10.1109/ICCIC.2010.5705740 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5705740/
  • , Entropy and Energy in Characterizing the Organization of Concept Maps in Learning Science, Entropy, 12, 12, (1653), (2010).
  • , Just Answering … or Thinking? Contrasting Pupils' Solutions and Classifications of Missing-Value Word Problems, Mathematical Thinking and Learning, 12, 1, (20), (2010).
  • , Interpretation and application of “new” and “complex” international financial reporting standards in Fiji: Implications for convergence of accounting standards, Advances in Accounting, 26, 2, (280), (2010).
  • , Problem Solving and Reasoning, International Encyclopedia of Education, 10.1016/B978-0-08-044894-7.00487-5, (273-278), (2010).
  • , Explaining the Unexplainable: Translated Scientific Explanations (TSE) in public physics lectures, International Journal of Science Education, 32, 2, (245), (2010).
  • , Preservice Teachers’ Conceptions and Enactments of Project-Based Instruction, Journal of Science Education and Technology, 19, 4, (370), (2010).
  • , Some implications of expertise research for educational assessment, Research Papers in Education, 25, 3, (253), (2010).
  • , Cognitive activities in complex science text and diagrams, Contemporary Educational Psychology, 35, 1, (59), (2010).
  • , Reading Expository Material, Topics in Language Disorders, 30, 1, (39), (2010).
  • , Categorical coherence, classification volatility and examiner-added citations, Research Policy, 39, 1, (89), (2010).
  • , Do advanced physics students learn from their mistakes without explicit intervention?, American Journal of Physics, 78, 7, (760), (2010).
  • , Modelling a Complex System: Using novice‐expert analysis for developing an effective technology‐enhanced learning environment, International Journal of Science Education, 32, 2, (195), (2010).
  • , The role of personal epistemology in the self-regulation of internet-based learning, Metacognition and Learning, 5, 1, (91), (2010).
  • , A Comparative Analysis of the Distributive Property in U.S. and Chinese Elementary Mathematics Textbooks, Cognition and Instruction, 28, 2, (146), (2010).
  • , From Instructional Leadership to Leadership Capabilities: Empirical Findings and Methodological Challenges, Leadership and Policy in Schools, 9, 1, (1), (2010).
  • , Applying an organizational learning perspective to new technology deployment by technological gatekeepers: A theoretical model and key issues for future research, Information Systems Frontiers, 12, 3, (287), (2010).
  • , Judgment and Decision Making by Individuals and Teams: Issues, Models, and Applications, Reviews of Human Factors and Ergonomics, 6, 1, (198), (2010).
  • , Identifying and addressing student difficulties with hydrostatic pressure, American Journal of Physics, 78, 1, (75), (2010).
  • , Student revision with peer and expert reviewing, Learning and Instruction, 20, 4, (328), (2010).
  • , Cognitive Processes of Opportunity Recognition: The Role of Structural Alignment, Organization Science, 21, 2, (413), (2010).
  • , Through the Looking Glass, Advances in Cognitive Ergonomics, 10.1201/EBK1439834916-c37, (356-365), (2010).
  • , Helping students learn effective problem solving strategies by reflecting with peers, American Journal of Physics, 78, 7, (748), (2010).
  • , Improving Problem Solving Performance by Inducing Talk about Salient Problem Features, Journal of Engineering Education, 99, 2, (135-142), (2013).
  • , Commentary: Analogical Thinking in Geoscience Education, Journal of Geoscience Education, 58, 1, (2), (2010).
  • , Effects of Instructional Preparation Strategies on Problem Solving in a Web-Based Learning Environment, Journal of Educational Computing Research, 42, 4, (385), (2010).
  • , Scaffolding middle school students’ content knowledge and ill-structured problem solving in a problem-based hypermedia learning environment, Educational Technology Research and Development, 58, 5, (507), (2010).
  • , An Experimental Examination of Heuristic-Based Decision Making in a Financial Setting, Journal of Behavioral Finance, 11, 3, (135), (2010).
  • , Technical Expertise and Its Influence on the Acceptance of Future Medical Technologies: What Is Influencing What to Which Extent?, HCI in Work and Learning, Life and Leisure, 10.1007/978-3-642-16607-5_40, (513-529), (2010).
  • , Change Blindness as a Means of Studying Expertise in Physics, Journal of the Learning Sciences, 19, 4, (480), (2010).
  • , Categorization of quantum mechanics problems by professors and students, European Journal of Physics, 31, 1, (57), (2010).
  • , Knowledge Domains and Domain Learning, International Encyclopedia of Education, 10.1016/B978-0-08-044894-7.00483-8, (255-264), (2010).
  • , A method for analyzing the coherence of high school biology textbooks, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 47, 1, (47-70), (2009).
  • , A cognitive scientific view on technical communication and translation: Do embodiment and situatedness really make a difference?, Target, 22, 1, (94), (2010).
  • , Eye-gaze patterns as students study worked-out examples in mechanics, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 6, 2, (2010).
  • , Problem Solving and Human Expertise, International Encyclopedia of Education, 10.1016/B978-0-08-044894-7.00486-3, (265-272), (2010).
  • , Cognitive psychology and problem solving in the physical sciences, New Directions, 6, (21), (2010).
  • , Coherent Knowledge Structures of Physics Represented as Concept Networks in Teacher Education, Science & Education, 19, 3, (259), (2010).
  • , A Research Methodology for Studying What Makes Some Problems Difficult to Solve, International Journal of Science Education, 32, 16, (2167), (2010).
  • , Learning characteristics of small business managers: principles for training, Journal of Workplace Learning, 22, 3, (146), (2010).
  • , CROSSROADS—Microfoundations of Performance: Balancing Efficiency and Flexibility in Dynamic Environments, Organization Science, 21, 6, (1263), (2010).
  • , Lessons From My Mother, Educational Researcher, 39, 4, (301), (2010).
  • , The influence of learner-generated domain representations on learning combinatorics and probability theory, Computers in Human Behavior, 26, 1, (1), (2010).
  • , Understanding the structure of audit workpaper error knowledge and its relationship with workpaper review performance, Accounting & Finance, 50, 3, (663-683), (2010).
  • , Productive failure in mathematical problem solving, Instructional Science, 38, 6, (523), (2010).
  • , Learning by analogy: Discriminating between potential analogs, Contemporary Educational Psychology, 35, 1, (28), (2010).
  • , Mental imagery and software visualization in high-performance software development teams, Journal of Visual Languages & Computing, 21, 3, (171), (2010).
  • , Toward an Understanding of Macrocognition in Teams: Predicting Processes in Complex Collaborative Contexts, Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 52, 2, (203), (2010).
  • , A Cognitive Study of Problem Solving in Statics, Journal of Engineering Education, 99, 4, (337-353), (2013).
  • , Rigor and Relevance in NDM: How to Study Decision Making Rigorously With Small Ns and Without Controls and (Inferential) Statistics, Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making, 4, 2, (99), (2010).
  • , Clinical Expertise in Psychotherapy: How Expert Therapists Use Theory in Generating Case Conceptualizations and Interventions, Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 40, 3, (141), (2010).
  • , Conscious thought beats deliberation without attention in diagnostic decision-making: at least when you are an expert, Psychological Research, 74, 6, (586), (2010).
  • , Defining the construct of masters level clinical practice in manipulative physiotherapy, Manual Therapy, 15, 1, (93), (2010).
  • , When Do Opportunity Costs Count? The Impact of Vagueness, Project Completion Stage, and Management Accounting Experience, Behavioral Research in Accounting, 22, 1, (85), (2010).
  • , A Transfer-in-Pieces Consideration of the Perception of Structure in the Transfer of Learning, Journal of the Learning Sciences, 19, 4, (443), (2010).
  • , How One's Hook Is Baited Matters for Catching an Analogy, The Psychology of Learning and Motivation: Advances in Research and Theory, 10.1016/S0079-7421(10)53004-4, (149-182), (2010).
  • , On the relationships between (relatively) advanced mathematical knowledge and (relatively) advanced problem-solving behaviours, International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 41, 2, (257), (2010).
  • , Toward a contingency view of new product creativity: Assessing the interactive effects of consumers, Marketing Letters, 21, 2, (191), (2010).
  • , A Framework for Analyzing Scientific Reasoning in Assessments, Educational Assessment, 15, 3-4, (142), (2010).
  • , Trends of Science Education Research: An Automatic Content Analysis, Journal of Science Education and Technology, 19, 4, (315), (2010).
  • , From Uncertainly Exact to Certainly Vague, The Psychology of Learning and Motivation: Advances in Research and Theory, 10.1016/S0079-7421(10)53006-8, (227-252), (2010).
  • , Continuing Professional Education: Multiple Stakeholders and Agendas, International Encyclopedia of Education, 10.1016/B978-0-08-044894-7.00892-7, (127-132), (2010).
  • , The effects of strategic counting instruction, with and without deliberate practice, on number combination skill among students with mathematics difficulties, Learning and Individual Differences, 20, 2, (89), (2010).
  • , Design Principles for Problem-Driven Learning Laboratories in Biomedical Engineering Education, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 38, 10, (3257), (2010).
  • , The consequences of category spanning depend on contrast, Categories in Markets: Origins and Evolution, 10.1108/S0733-558X(2010)0000031008, (175-201), (2015).
  • , Information processing: a review of implications of Johnstone’s model for science education, Research in Science & Technological Education, 28, 2, (131), (2010).
  • , Developing a sense of scale: Looking backward, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 46, 4, (460-475), (2009).
  • , The role and impact of mental simulation in design, Applied Cognitive Psychology, 23, 3, (327-344), (2008).
  • , College students solving chemistry problems: A theoretical model of expertise, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 46, 10, (1070-1089), (2009).
  • , The importance of learning to make assumptions, Science Education, 93, 1, (86-108), (2008).
  • , Mapping student understanding in chemistry: The Perspectives of Chemists, Science Education, 93, 1, (56-85), (2008).
  • , HPT roots and branches: Analyzing over 45 years of the field's own citations. Part 1: Journal citations, Performance Improvement Quarterly, 21, 4, (95-115), (2009).
  • , How Can Experts See the Invisible? Reply to Bilalić and Gobet, Cognitive Science, 33, 5, (748-751), (2009).
  • , Reviving Inert Knowledge: Analogical Abstraction Supports Relational Retrieval of Past Events, Cognitive Science, 33, 8, (1343-1382), (2009).
  • , Generalizability of Cognitive Interview‐Based Measures Across Cultural Groups, Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 28, 2, (9-18), (2009).
  • , Factors affecting the acquisition and transfer of novel attribute relationships to new product categories, Psychology & Marketing, 26, 2, (122-144), (2009).
  • , The nature and development of experts’ strategy flexibility for solving equations, ZDM, 41, 5, (557), (2009).
  • , Seeking and providing assistance while learning to use information systems, Computers & Education, 53, 4, (1029), (2009).
  • , The effectiveness of pair programming: A meta-analysis, Information and Software Technology, 51, 7, (1110), (2009).
  • , References, Building Intelligent Interactive Tutors, 10.1016/B978-0-12-373594-2.00019-8, (403-450), (2009).
  • , The Inverse Relation of Addition and Subtraction: A Knowledge Integration Perspective, Mathematical Thinking and Learning, 11, 1-2, (92), (2009).
  • , Effects of problem frame and gender on principals’ decision making, Social Psychology of Education, 12, 3, (397), (2009).
  • , Teacher expertise and the development of a problem representation, Educational Psychology, 29, 2, (153), (2009).
  • , Do students use and understand free-body diagrams?, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 5, 1, (2009).
  • , Experts at Play, Games and Culture, 4, 3, (205), (2009).
  • , School Principal Expertise: Putting Expert-Aspiring Principal Differences in Problem Solving Processes to the Test, Leadership and Policy in Schools, 8, 2, (128), (2009).
  • , Teacher learning:How and what teachers learn, The Journal of Curriculum Studies, 27, 3, (107), (2009).
  • , ADDRESSING DEFICIENCIES IN AMERICAN HEALTHCARE EDUCATION, Neurosurgery, 65, 2, (223), (2009).
  • , Impacts of geographical knowledge, spatial ability and environmental cognition on image searches supported by GIS software, Computers in Human Behavior, 25, 6, (1270), (2009).
  • , Written extended‐response questions as classroom assessment tools for meaningful understanding of evolutionary theory, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 46, 3, (333-356), (2008).
  • , Teaching basic science to optimize transfer, Medical Teacher, 31, 9, (807), (2009).
  • , Expertise: Acquisition, Limitations, and Control, Reviews of Human Factors and Ergonomics, 5, 1, (140), (2009).
  • , Learning new problem-solving strategies leads to changes in problem representation, Cognitive Development, 24, 2, (89), (2009).
  • , The influence of domain knowledge on the functional capacity of working memory, Journal of Memory and Language, 61, 4, (519), (2009).
  • , Why don’t well-educated adults understand accumulation? A challenge to researchers, educators, and citizens, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 108, 1, (116), (2009).
  • , Web-enhanced case-based activity in teacher education: a case study, Instructional Science, 37, 2, (151), (2009).
  • , Using Avida-ED for Teaching and Learning About Evolution in Undergraduate Introductory Biology Courses, Evolution: Education and Outreach, 2, 3, (415), (2009).
  • , Developing and assessing a force and motion learning progression, Science Education, 93, 3, (389-421), (2008).
  • , Skill and Expertise in Working Dogs, Canine Ergonomics, 10.1201/9781420079920.ch2, (17-42), (2009).
  • , A Model of Factors Determining Students’ Ability to Interpret External Representations in Biochemistry, International Journal of Science Education, 31, 2, (193), (2009).
  • , Interactive Problem Solving Support in the Adaptive Educational Hypermedia System MATHEMA, IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 2, 2, (93), (2009).
  • , Modeling instruction: Positive attitudinal shifts in introductory physics measured with CLASS, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 5, 1, (2009).
  • , Measuring and Predicting Shared Situation Awareness in Teams, Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making, 3, 3, (280), (2009).
  • , Productive failure in CSCL groups, International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 4, 1, (21), (2009).
  • , Translating research into new instructional technologies for higher education: the active ingredient process, Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 21, 1, (4), (2009).
  • , Translation between external representation systems in mathematics: All-or-none or skill conglomerate?, The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 28, 4, (217), (2009).
  • , Finding abstract commonalties of category members, Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 21, 3, (155), (2009).
  • , Relative expertise in an everyday reasoning task: Epistemic understanding, problem representation, and reasoning competence, Learning and Individual Differences, 19, 4, (423), (2009).
  • , Categorization of problems to assess and improve proficiency as teachers and learners, American Journal of Physics, 77, 1, (73), (2009).
  • , Cognitive and learning sciences in biomedical and health instructional design: A review with lessons for biomedical informatics education, Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 42, 1, (176), (2009).
  • , Expertise and Intuition: A Tale of Three Theories, Minds and Machines, 19, 2, (151), (2009).
  • , How indirect supportive digital help during and after solving physics problems can improve problem-solving abilities, Computers & Education, 53, 1, (34), (2009).
  • , Chemistry problem solving instruction: a comparison of three computer-based formats for learning from hierarchical network problem representations, Instructional Science, 37, 1, (21), (2009).
  • , The Relationship between Conceptual Understanding and Performance, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 53, 26, (1908), (2009).
  • , The Impact of Prompting in Technology-Enhanced Learning as Moderated by Students’ Motivation and Metacognitive Skills, Learning in the Synergy of Multiple Disciplines, 10.1007/978-3-642-04636-0_49, (535-548), (2009).
  • , Age and skill differences in classifying hazardous traffic scenes, Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 12, 4, (277), (2009).
  • , Performance Measurement in Simulation-Based Training, Simulation & Gaming, 40, 3, (328), (2009).
  • , Mathematics Learning in Groups: Analyzing Equity in Two Cooperative Activity Structures, Journal of the Learning Sciences, 18, 2, (247), (2009).
  • , An In Situ Study of Analogical Reasoning in Novice and Experienced Design Engineers, Journal of Mechanical Design, 131, 11, (111004), (2009).
  • , ‘Get Some Secured Credit Cards Homey’: Hip Hop Discourse, Financial Literacy and the Design of Digital Media Learning Environments, E-Learning and Digital Media, 6, 1, (4), (2009).
  • , Prior knowledge, reading skill, and text cohesion in the comprehension of science texts, Learning and Instruction, 19, 3, (228), (2009).
  • , Changes in students’ problem-solving strategies in a course that includes context-rich, multifaceted problems, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 5, 2, (2009).
  • , Examining the Nature of Expertise in Reading Instruction, Literacy Research and Instruction, 49, 1, (1), (2009).
  • , Capturing and Building Expertise in Virtual Worlds, Foundations of Augmented Cognition. Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience, 10.1007/978-3-642-02812-0_18, (148-154), (2009).
  • , Realising the educational worth of integrating work experiences in higher education, Studies in Higher Education, 34, 7, (827), (2009).
  • , Pertinence cognitive des unités sémiotiques temporelles, Musicae Scientiae, 13, 2, (415), (2009).
  • , Exploring problem decomposition in conceptual design among novice designers, Design Studies, 30, 1, (38), (2009).
  • , Prior knowledge in learning from a non-linear electronic document: Disorientation and coherence of the reading sequences, Computers in Human Behavior, 25, 2, (381), (2009).
  • , Sensibilität für Ungerechtigkeit, Psychologische Rundschau, 60, 1, (8), (2009).
  • , In Pursuit of School Leadership and Management Expertise: Introduction to the Special Issue, Leadership and Policy in Schools, 8, 2, (121), (2009).
  • , Are Most People Too Dumb for Physics?, The Physics Teacher, 47, 7, (418), (2009).
  • , Wenn das Unausgesprochene regelnd wirkt — eine theoretische und empirische Arbeit zum Impliziten, Journal für Mathematik-Didaktik, 30, 2, (93), (2009).
  • , Chapter 8 Aging, Self-Regulation, and Learning from Text, The Psychology of Learning and Motivation, 10.1016/S0079-7421(09)51008-0, (255-296), (2009).
  • , Visualization of Expert Chat Development in a World of Warcraft Player Group, E-Learning and Digital Media, 6, 1, (54), (2009).
  • , System dynamics and strategy, System Dynamics Review, 24, 4, (407-429), (2009).
  • , The influence of prior knowledge on viewing and interpreting graphics with macroscopic and molecular representations, Science Education, 92, 5, (848-867), (2008).
  • , Looking Beyond Content: Skill Development for Engineers, Journal of Engineering Education, 97, 3, (295-307), (2013).
  • , Implications of domain‐general “psychological support skills” for transfer of skill and acquisition of expertise, Performance Improvement Quarterly, 21, 1, (43-60), (2008).
  • , How instructional design experts use knowledge and experience to solve ill‐structured problems, Performance Improvement Quarterly, 21, 1, (17-42), (2008).
  • , What do they know? The effects of outside director acquisition experience on firm acquisition performance, Strategic Management Journal, 29, 11, (1155-1177), (2008).
  • , Classification of chemical reactions: Stages of expertise, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 45, 7, (771-793), (2007).
  • , Using data mining to predict K–12 students' performance on large‐scale assessment items related to energy, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 45, 5, (554-573), (2007).
  • , Observing Tutorial Dialogues Collaboratively: Insights About Human Tutoring Effectiveness From Vicarious Learning, Cognitive Science, 32, 2, (301-341), (2010).
  • , Sherlock Holmes – an expert's view of expertise, British Journal of Psychology, 99, 1, (109-125), (2010).
  • , Discerning the Division of Cognitive Labor: An Emerging Understanding of How Knowledge Is Clustered in Other Minds, Cognitive Science, 32, 2, (259-300), (2010).
  • , Understanding and Using Principles of Arithmetic: Operations Involving Negative Numbers, Cognitive Science, 32, 2, (445-457), (2010).
  • , Are high‐coherent concept maps better for prior knowledge activation? Differential effects of concept mapping tasks on high school vs. university students, Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 24, 5, (407-419), (2008).
  • , Developmental changes in children's understanding of the similarity between photographs and their referents, Developmental Science, 11, 1, (156-170), (2007).
  • , Symposium 1. Why is Ecology Hard to Learn, The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America, 89, 4, (462-466), (2008).
  • , Patterns of multiple representation use by experts and novices during physics problem solving, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 4, 1, (2008).
  • , A Cognitive Framework for the Analysis of Online Chemistry Courses, Journal of Science Education and Technology, 17, 1, (100), (2008).
  • , How metastrategic considerations influence the selection of frequency estimation strategies, Journal of Memory and Language, 58, 1, (3), (2008).
  • , Is underestimation less detrimental than overestimation? The impact of experts’ beliefs about a layperson’s knowledge on learning and question asking, Instructional Science, 36, 1, (27), (2008).
  • , Analogical Instruction in Statistics: Implications for Social Work Educators, Journal of Teaching in Social Work, 28, 1-2, (247), (2008).
  • , Mental Models: An Alternative Evaluation of a Sensemaking Approach to Ethics Instruction, Science and Engineering Ethics, 14, 3, (449), (2008).
  • , The effect of expertise on consumers' satisfaction with the use of interactive recommendation agents, Psychology & Marketing, 25, 9, (859-880), (2008).
  • , Effects of Context on Students’ Molecular‐Level Ideas, International Journal of Science Education, 30, 8, (1095), (2008).
  • , Analogical Problem Solving in Casual and Experienced Users: When Interface Consistency Leads to Inappropriate Transfer, Human–Computer Interaction, 23, 4, (381), (2008).
  • , Concept and Category Learning in Humans, Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference, 10.1016/B978-012370509-9.00139-X, (535-556), (2008).
  • , Gender Differences in Science: An Expertise Perspective, Educational Psychology Review, 20, 2, (149), (2008).
  • , Correlations among knowledge structures, force concept inventory, and problem-solving behaviors, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 4, 2, (2008).
  • , Induction and transition in the National Health Service for four professional groups, Learning in Health and Social Care, 7, 1, (27-36), (2008).
  • , College students' knowledge of concepts related to the metabolic syndrome, Psychology, Health & Medicine, 13, 3, (367), (2008).
  • , A design framework for educational hypermedia systems: theory, research, and learning emerging scientific conceptual perspectives, Educational Technology Research and Development, 56, 1, (5), (2008).
  • , Exploring college students’ mental representations of inferential statistics, The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 27, 1, (11), (2008).
  • , Uncovering the Requirements of Cognitive Work, Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 50, 3, (475), (2008).
  • , Modelling Mechanical Wave Propagation: Guidelines and experimentation of a teaching–learning sequence, International Journal of Science Education, 30, 11, (1491), (2008).
  • , Using National Standards to Improve K–8 Science Curriculum Materials, The Elementary School Journal, 109, 2, (104), (2008).
  • , Everyday Expertise: Cognitive Demands in Diabetes Self-Management, Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 50, 1, (112), (2008).
  • , Assessing student expertise in introductory physics with isomorphic problems. II. Effect of some potential factors on problem solving and transfer, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 4, 1, (2008).
  • , Cultural Intelligence, International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 8, 2, (123), (2008).
  • , The interplay between cost accounting knowledge and presentation formats in cost-based decision-making, Accounting, Organizations and Society, 33, 6, (582), (2008).
  • , Expertise and aging: maintaining skills through the lifespan, European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, 5, 2, (89), (2008).
  • , The impact of new learning environments in an engineering design course, Instructional Science, 36, 5-6, (375), (2008).
  • , The Effects of Superficial and Structural Information on Online Problem Solving for Good versus Poor Anagram Solvers, Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 61, 7, (1098), (2008).
  • , Differential Competencies Contributing to Children's Comprehension of Narrative and Expository Texts, Reading Psychology, 29, 2, (137), (2008).
  • , Representation over time: The effects of temporal distance on similarity, Cognition, 106, 3, (1504), (2008).
  • , Superior Memory of Mnemonists and Experts in Various Domains, Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference, 10.1016/B978-012370509-9.00161-3, (809-817), (2008).
  • , Individual differences in category learning: Sometimes less working memory capacity is better than more, Cognition, 107, 1, (284), (2008).
  • , What does it mean? Students’ procedural and conceptual problem solving in a CSCL environment designed within the field of science education, International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 3, 1, (25), (2008).
  • , Group composition and its effect on female and male problem-solving in science education, Educational Research, 50, 4, (307), (2008).
  • , How students learn from multiple contexts and definitions: Proper time as a coordination class, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 4, 1, (2008).
  • , First year university students' understanding of validity in designing a physics experiment, African Journal of Research in Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 12, 1, (33), (2008).
  • , Productive Failure, Cognition and Instruction, 26, 3, (379), (2008).
  • , Math disabilities: Italian and U.S. perspectives, Personnel Preparation, 10.1016/S0735-004X(08)00011-6, (277-308)
  • , Chapter 11 Identifying accomplished teachers: A validation study, Assessing Teachers for Professional Certification: The First Decade of the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards, 10.1016/S1474-7863(07)11011-5, (313-344)
  • , Why Instructional Explanations Often Do Not Work: A Framework for Understanding the Effectiveness of Instructional Explanations, Educational Psychologist, 43, 1, (49), (2008).
  • , Evaluating student response to WeBWorK, a web-based homework delivery and grading system, Computers & Education, 50, 4, (1462), (2008).
  • , The Effect of Hints and Model Answers in a Student-Controlled Problem-Solving Program for Secondary Physics Education, Journal of Science Education and Technology, 17, 4, (410), (2008).
  • , The Interpretation of Cellular Transport Graphics by Students with Low and High Prior Knowledge, International Journal of Science Education, 30, 2, (239), (2008).
  • , Simulating expert clinical comprehension: Adapting latent semantic analysis to accurately extract clinical concepts from psychiatric narrative, Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 41, 6, (1070), (2008).
  • , Building cognitive support for the learning of long division skills using progressive schematization: Design and empirical validation, Computers & Education, 50, 4, (1141), (2008).
  • , Promoting Transfer by Grounding Complex Systems Principles, Journal of the Learning Sciences, 17, 4, (465), (2008).
  • , On the Impact of Curriculum-Embedded Formative Assessment on Learning: A Collaboration between Curriculum and Assessment Developers, Applied Measurement in Education, 21, 4, (295), (2008).
  • , Integrative Literature Review: Methods in Identifying Exemplary Performance: A Review of the Literature and Implications for HRD, Human Resource Development Review, 7, 4, (443), (2008).
  • , Mitigating the Effects of Misleading Graphs on Decisions by Educating Users about the Principles of Graph Design, Journal of Information Systems, 22, 2, (23), (2008).
  • , Self-regulated learning with hypermedia: The role of prior domain knowledge, Contemporary Educational Psychology, 33, 2, (270), (2008).
  • , Modality and representation in analogy, AI EDAM, 22, 02, (2008).
  • , Human Factors Contributions to Knowledge Elicitation, Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 50, 3, (481), (2008).
  • , Intuition versus analysis: Strategy and experience in complex everyday problem solving, Memory & Cognition, 36, 3, (554), (2008).
  • , Experienced and Novice Teachers’ Concepts of Spatial Scale, International Journal of Science Education, 30, 3, (409), (2008).
  • , Algunos aspectos metodológicos de la investigación en resolución de problemas en física: una revisión, Ciência & Educação (Bauru), 14, 1, (1), (2008).
  • , The Impact of Brand Cohesiveness and Sport Identification on Brand Fit in a Sponsorship Context, Journal of Sport Management, 22, 4, (410), (2008).
  • , Preference Invites Categorization, Psychological Science, 19, 12, (1228), (2008).
  • , Bridging the educational research‐teaching practice gap, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, 36, 4, (309-315), (2008).
  • , Meeting the challenge of students’ understanding of formulae in high-school physics: a learning tool, Physics Education, 43, 1, (75), (2008).
  • , The Role of Expertise Research and Human Factors in Capturing, Explaining, and Producing Superior Performance, Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 50, 3, (427), (2008).
  • , Monkey see, monkey do: Learning relations through concrete examples, Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 31, 02, (2008).
  • , Towards an alternative to Benner's theory of expert intuition in nursing: A discussion paper, International Journal of Nursing Studies, 45, 1, (129), (2008).
  • , Problem Solving in a Complex World: Integrating DISCOVER, TASC, and PBL in a Teacher Education Project, Gifted Education International, 24, 2-3, (160), (2008).
  • , Alternate Conceptions of Preservice Elementary Teachers: The Itakura Method, Journal of Science Teacher Education, 19, 5, (417), (2008).
  • , Modeling theory applied: Modeling Instruction in introductory physics, American Journal of Physics, 76, 12, (1155), (2008).
  • , Assessing student expertise in introductory physics with isomorphic problems. I. Performance on nonintuitive problem pair from introductory physics, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 4, 1, (2008).
  • , Expertise in Judgment and Decision Making: A Case for Training Intuitive Decision Skills, Blackwell Handbook of Judgment and Decision Making, (297-315), (2008).
  • , Knowledge and Expertise, Handbook of Applied Cognition, (83-109), (2008).
  • , Schooling and the Acquisition of Theoretical Knowledge, The Handbook of Education and Human Development, (595-619), (2018).
  • , Frontmatter, Modeling for Insight, (i-xxvii), (2008).
  • , Becoming an Engineer: Toward a Three Dimensional View of Engineering Learning, Journal of Engineering Education, 97, 3, (355-368), (2013).
  • , Forum: Teaching Professional Judgement in Accounting, Accounting Perspectives, 6, 2, (123-140), (2010).
  • , A Paradigm for Assessing Conceptual and Procedural Knowledge in Engineering Students, Journal of Engineering Education, 96, 4, (335-345), (2013).
  • , First Steps in Understanding Engineering Students' Growth of Conceptual and Procedural Knowledge in an Interactive Learning Context, Journal of Engineering Education, 96, 1, (57-68), (2013).
  • , Understanding the building blocks of dynamic systems, System Dynamics Review, 23, 1, (1-17), (2007).
  • , Fostering conceptual change and critical reasoning about HIV and AIDS, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 44, 6, (844-863), (2007).
  • , Effects of training on age estimation, Applied Cognitive Psychology, 21, 1, (131-135), (2006).
  • , What makes a process a capability? Heuristics, strategy, and effective capture of opportunities, Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 1, 1‐2, (27-47), (2007).
  • , From teachers to testers: How parents talk to novice and expert children in a natural history museum, Science Education, 91, 5, (783-804), (2007).
  • , “What if…”: The Use of Conceptual Simulations in Scientific Reasoning, Cognitive Science, 31, 5, (843-875), (2010).
  • , Understanding Our Understanding of Strategic Scenarios: What Role Do Chunks Play?, Cognitive Science, 31, 6, (989-1007), (2010).
  • , What Motivates Individuals to Protect Themselves from Risks: The Case of Wildland Fires, Risk Analysis, 27, 4, (887-900), (2007).
  • , chapter 12
Establishing Multilevel Coherence in Assessment, Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education, 106, 1, (288-320), (2007).
  • , chapter 7
A Framework for Effective Management of School System Performance, Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education, 106, 1, (155-185), (2007).
  • , How expertise develops in medicine: knowledge encapsulation and illness script formation, Medical Education, 41, 12, (1133-1139), (2007).
  • , Classification of Chemical Substances using Particulate Representations of Matter: An analysis of student thinking, International Journal of Science Education, 29, 5, (643), (2007).
  • , Assessing Training Needs: Do Work Experience and Capability Matter?, Human Performance, 21, 1, (28), (2007).
  • , Teaching Effectiveness Research in the Past Decade: The Role of Theory and Research Design in Disentangling Meta-Analysis Results, Review of Educational Research, 77, 4, (454), (2007).
  • , Analysis of Cognitive Work, Reviews of Human Factors and Ergonomics, 3, 1, (1), (2007).
  • , Comparison of Student Learning in Challenge-based and Traditional Instruction in Biomedical Engineering, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 35, 8, (1312), (2007).
  • , The Evaluation of Modelling Competences: Difficulties and potentials for the learning of the sciences, International Journal of Science Education, 29, 7, (811), (2007).
  • , The effects of prior knowledge and text structure on comprehension processes during reading of scientific texts, Memory & Cognition, 35, 7, (1567), (2007).
  • , Effects of Knowledge and Context Information on the Interpretation and the Use of Graphs as shown by the Mathematics and Economics Major, Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, 19, 2, (149), (2007).
  • , Context sensitivity in the force concept inventory, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 3, 1, (2007).
  • , Apport pour les apprentissages de l’explicitation des relations d’inclusion de classes, L’Année psychologique, 107, 04, (565), (2007).
  • , Fish Swim, Rocks Sit, and Lungs Breathe: Expert-Novice Understanding of Complex Systems, Journal of the Learning Sciences, 16, 3, (307), (2007).
  • , The role of computer tools in experts’ solving ill-structured problems, Computers in Human Behavior, 23, 1, (664), (2007).
  • , Explaining with nonshared illustrations: How they constrain explanations, Learning and Instruction, 17, 2, (204), (2007).
  • , Knowledge organization and activation in physics problem solving, American Journal of Physics, 75, 11, (1017), (2007).
  • , How novices formulate models. Part I: qualitative insights and implications for teaching, Journal of the Operational Research Society, 58, 8, (983), (2007).
  • , Computerized adaptive tutorials to improve and assess problem-solving skills, Computers & Education, 49, 4, (1321), (2007).
  • , Leadership for the Future in Gifted Education, Gifted Child Quarterly, 51, 1, (5), (2007).
  • , Reconciling beliefs and practices in teaching and learning, Educational Technology Research and Development, 55, 1, (27), (2007).
  • , Effect of experience and mode of presentation on problem solving, Computers in Human Behavior, 23, 1, (258), (2007).
  • , Physics faculty beliefs and values about the teaching and learning of problem solving. II. Procedures for measurement and analysis, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 3, 2, (2007).
  • , Correlations between student discussion behavior, attitudes, and learning, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 3, 1, (2007).
  • , How novices formulate models. Part II: a quantitative description of behaviour, Journal of the Operational Research Society, 58, 10, (1271), (2007).
  • , The Influence of Chronic and Situational Self-Construal on Categorization, Journal of Consumer Research, 34, 1, (66), (2007).
  • , Seeing the wood for the trees: learning to teach beyond the curriculum. How can student teachers be helped to see beyond the National Literacy Strategy?, Cambridge Journal of Education, 37, 4, (489), (2007).
  • , How goals affect the organization and use of domain knowledge, Memory & Cognition, 35, 5, (837), (2007).
  • 2007 37th annual frontiers in education conference - global engineering: knowledge without borders, opportunities without passports Milwaukee, WI, USA 2007 37th annual frontiers in education conference - global engineering: knowledge without borders, opportunities without passports IEEE , (2007). 978-1-4244-1083-5 978-1-4244-1084-2 0190-5848 On-line tool for exercising and assessing knowledge on engineering courses , (2007). T3D-1 T3D-5 4418146 , 10.1109/FIE.2007.4418146 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4418146/
  • , Creativity in Science Education: Perspectives and Challenges for Developing School Science, Studies in Science Education, 43, 1, (1), (2007).
  • , Formal notations are diagrams: Evidence from a production task, Memory & Cognition, 35, 8, (2033), (2007).
  • , Ethical Expertise: The Skill Model of Virtue, Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, 10, 2, (183), (2007).
  • , Analogical scaffolding and the learning of abstract ideas in physics: An example from electromagnetic waves, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 3, 1, (2007).
  • , El conocimiento situacional y su relación con el proceso de solución: un estudio en electromagnetismo, Infancia y Aprendizaje, 30, 2, (215), (2007).
  • , Conceptual Change and Education, Human Development, 50, 1, (47), (2007).
  • , A review of human competence in educational research: Levels of K- 12, College, Adult, and Business Education, Asia Pacific Education Review, 8, 3, (500), (2007).
  • , Domain experts influence decision quality: Towards a robust method for their identification, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 57, 1-2, (181), (2007).
  • , The Implications of Research on Expertise for Curriculum and Pedagogy, Educational Psychology Review, 19, 2, (91), (2007).
  • , Human-Intensive techniques, Clinical Decision Support, 10.1016/B978-012369377-8/50010-6, (207-226), (2007).
  • , Service Quality Attribute Weights, Journal of Service Research, 10, 1, (22), (2007).
  • 2007 37th annual frontiers in education conference - global engineering: knowledge without borders, opportunities without passports Milwaukee, WI, USA 2007 37th annual frontiers in education conference - global engineering: knowledge without borders, opportunities without passports IEEE , (2007). 978-1-4244-1083-5 978-1-4244-1084-2 0190-5848 Teaching a multicultural perspective in software engineering , (2007). S4E-1 S4E-6 4418152 , 10.1109/FIE.2007.4418152 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4418152/
  • , Cognitive Structures of Obese Patients undergoing Bariatric Surgery: a Concept Mapping Analysis, Obesity Surgery, 17, 10, (1350), (2007).
  • , How the best get better: an analysis of the self-monitoring strategies used by expert golf instructors, Sport, Education and Society, 12, 2, (175), (2007).
  • , Investors' Reactions to Management Guidance Forms: The Influence of Multiple Benchmarks, The Accounting Review, 82, 2, (521), (2007).
  • , Elements of a cognitive model of physics problem solving: Epistemic games, Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 3, 2, (2007).
  • Seventh IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2007) Nigata, Japan Seventh IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2007) IEEE , (2007). 0-7695-2916-X To improve Bayesian Network Learner Modelling thanks to Multinet , (2007). 783 787 4281158 , 10.1109/ICALT.2007.257 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4281158/
  • , References, Blackwell Handbook of Childhood Cognitive Development, (620-736), (2007).
  • , Common sense clarified: The role of intuitive knowledge in physics problem solving, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 43, 6, (535-555), (2006).
  • , The role of knowledge structures in the ability of preservice elementary teachers to diagnose a child's understanding of molecular kinetics, Science Education, 90, 5, (936-951), (2006).
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  • , Accuracy of scale conceptions in science: Mental maneuverings across many orders of spatial magnitude, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 43, 10, (1061-1085), (2006).
  • , The Role of Functionality in the Mental Representations of Engineering Students: Some Differences in the Early Stages of Expertise, Cognitive Science, 30, 1, (65-93), (2010).
  • , Making Sense of Issues Through Media Frames: Understanding the Kosovo Crisis, Journal of Politics, 68, 3, (640-656), (2006).
  • , Cognitive insights into the highly skilled or expert salesperson, Psychology & Marketing, 23, 2, (115-138), (2005).
  • , The quality of consumers' decision‐making in the environment of e‐commerce, Psychology & Marketing, 23, 4, (297-311), (2006).
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  • , Errors in Creative Thought? Cognitive Biases in a Complex Processing Activity, The Journal of Creative Behavior, 40, 2, (75-109), (2011).
  • , The Relationship Between Spatial Transformations and Iconic Gestures, Spatial Cognition & Computation, 6, 1, (1), (2006).
  • , Le cartable électronique : sémantique de l'utilisabilité et aide aux apprentissages, Psychologie Française, 51, 1, (87), (2006).
  • , Transfer in Pieces, Cognition and Instruction, 24, 1, (1), (2006).
  • , An analysis of asynchronous online homework discussions in introductory physics courses, American Journal of Physics, 74, 6, (526), (2006).
  • , Playing Quantum Physics Jeopardy with zero-energy eigenstates, American Journal of Physics, 74, 11, (1035), (2006).
  • , The phenomenology of fit: Linking the person and environment to the subjective experience of person-environment fit., Journal of Applied Psychology, 91, 4, (802), (2006).
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  • , Are we “experienced listeners”? A review of the musical capacities that do not depend on formal musical training, Cognition, 100, 1, (100), (2006).
  • , Unveiling Professional Development: A Critical Review of Stage Models, Review of Educational Research, 76, 3, (383), (2006).
  • , Understanding the Art of Design: Tools for the Next Edisonian Innovators, Categories in Use, 10.1016/S0079-7421(06)47003-1, (65-122), (2006).
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  • , How Patients Understand Diabetes Self-Care, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 50, 10, (1083), (2006).
  • , Engineering geosciences learning experiences using the Learning-for-Use design framework, Special Paper 413: Earth and Mind: How Geologists Think and Learn about the Earth, 10.1130/2006.2413(10), (131-144), (2006).
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  • , Rapid Assessment of Learners’ Proficiency: A cognitive load approach, Educational Psychology, 26, 6, (735), (2006).
  • , Group problem-solving among teachers: A case study of how to improve a colleague’s teaching, Social Psychology of Education, 9, 3, (273), (2006).
  • , Domain-Generality and Domain-Specificity in Personal Epistemology Research: Philosophical and Empirical Reflections in the Development of a Theoretical Framework, Educational Psychology Review, 18, 1, (3), (2006).
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  • , Research on learning: potential for improving college ecology teaching, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 1, 10, (533-540), (2003).
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  • , The Impact of Communication Strategy on Launching New Products: The Moderating Role of Product Innovativeness, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 20, 1, (4-21), (2003).
  • , Learning to Understand the Forms of Causality Implicit in Scientifically Accepted Explanations, Studies in Science Education, 39, 1, (1), (2003).
  • , Learning and transfer: A general role for analogical encoding., Journal of Educational Psychology, 95, 2, (393), (2003).
  • , Assessing knowledge structure in accounting education: an application of Pathfinder Associative Networks, Journal of Accounting Education, 21, 3, (185), (2003).
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  • , Redescription disembeds relations: Evidence from relational transfer and use in problem solving, Memory & Cognition, 31, 7, (1082), (2003).
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  • , Distributive Learning in Introductory Chemical Engineering: University Students' Learning, Motivation, and Attitudes Using a CD-ROM, Journal of Educational Computing Research, 29, 2, (189), (2003).
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  • , A Cognitive Task Analysis of Coordination in a Distributed Tactical Team: Implications for Expertise Acquisition, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 47, 3, (359), (2003).
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  • , A Look into the Mind of the Negotiator: Mental Models in Negotiation, Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 6, 4, (387), (2003).
  • , The identification of knowledge content and function in manual labour, Ergonomics, 46, 7, (695), (2003).
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  • , MEASURING THE PROBLEM-DEFINING ABILITY OF ACCOUNTING STUDENTS, Advances in Accounting Education Teaching and Curriculum Innovations, 10.1108/S1085-4622(2002)0000004011, (139-167), (2015).
  • , On Trees and Triviality Traps: Locating the Debate on the Contribution of Cognitive Mapping to Organizational Research, Organization Studies, 23, 1, (73), (2002).
  • , When paying attention becomes counterproductive: Impact of divided versus skill-focused attention on novice and experienced performance of sensorimotor skills., Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 8, 1, (6), (2002).
  • , Conceptual Changes in Religious Concepts of Elementary Schoolchildren: The case of the house where God lives, Educational Psychology, 22, 1, (93), (2002).
  • , Probing physics students’ conceptual knowledge structures through term association, American Journal of Physics, 70, 7, (750), (2002).
  • , When physical intuition fails, American Journal of Physics, 70, 11, (1103), (2002).
  • , Science undergraduates’ and graduates’ epistemologies of science: the notion of interpretive frameworks, New Ideas in Psychology, 20, 2-3, (263), (2002).
  • , De l’étude de cas à l’analyse de l’activité, Perspectives interdisciplinaires sur le travail et la santé, 4-2, (2002).
  • , Is procedure acquisition as unstable as it seems?, Contemporary Educational Psychology, 27, 4, (529), (2002).
  • , The knowing nose: the role of knowledge in wine expertise, Food Quality and Preference, 13, 7-8, (463), (2002).
  • , Problem Solving, Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology, (2002).
  • , Cueing for Schema Construction: Designing Problem-Solving Multimedia Practicals, Contemporary Educational Psychology, 27, 2, (229), (2002).
  • , Exploring students' cognitive structures in learning science: a review of relevant methods, Journal of Biological Education, 36, 4, (163), (2002).
  • , Using Analogies to Enhance Learning in Clay Science Rule A.C. (2002) Using analogies to enhance learning in clay science: In CMS Workshop Lectures, Vol. 11, Teaching Clay Science, A. Rule and S. Guggenheim, eds. The Clay Mineral Society, Aurora, CO, 71-92. , Teaching clay science, 10.1346/CMS-WLS-11.5, (72-92), (2002).
  • , Comparison of Problem-Solving Performance Between Adults Receiving Credit via Assessment of Prior Learning and Adults Completing Classroom Courses, The Journal of Continuing Higher Education, 50, 3, (2), (2002).
  • , Developing problem solving expertise: the impact of instruction in a question analysis strategy, Learning and Instruction, 12, 2, (155), (2002).
  • , Learning abstract relations from using categories, Memory & Cognition, 30, 5, (657), (2002).
  • , Knowledge acquisition for expert systems in accounting and financial problem domains, Knowledge-Based Systems, 15, 8, (439), (2002).
  • , Solving Accounting Problems: Differences Between Accounting Experts and Novices, Journal of Education for Business, 77, 6, (325), (2002).
  • , Representations of health concepts: a cognitive perspective, Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 35, 1, (17), (2002).
  • , Concepts and Categorization, Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology, (2002).
  • , The Slow and Incremental “Revolution”, Journal of Architectural Education, 56, 2, (49-54), (2006).
  • , From sharing to dividing: young children’s understanding of division, Developmental Science, 5, 4, (452-466), (2002).
  • , Student difficulties with the interpretation of a textbook diagram of immunoglobulin G (IgG)*, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, 30, 2, (93-97), (2006).
  • , On the cultural validity of science assessments, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 38, 5, (553-573), (2001).
  • , Teaching science problem solving: An overview of experimental work, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 38, 4, (442-468), (2001).
  • , Perceptual and cognitive aspects of wine expertise, Australian Journal of Psychology, 53, 2, (103-108), (2011).
  • , Taking stock of naturalistic decision making, Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 14, 5, (331-352), (2001).
  • , Learning‐for‐use: A framework for the design of technology‐supported inquiry activities, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 38, 3, (355-385), (2001).
  • , 6. Training teams to take initiative: Critical thinking in novel situations, , 10.1016/S1479-3601(01)01008-6, (251-291)
  • , Communicating health risks of global climate change, Environmental Risks: Perception, Evaluation and Management, 10.1016/S0196-1152(01)80023-5, (31-56)
  • , A Primer on Aspects of Cognition for Medical Informatics, Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 8, 4, (324), (2001).
  • , Perceptual boundedness and perceptual support in conceptual development., Psychological Review, 108, 4, (691), (2001).
  • , Collaboration on the basis of complementary domain knowledge: observed dialogue structures and their relation to learning success, Learning and Instruction, 11, 1, (53), (2001).
  • , Literary Expertise and Analogical Reasoning: Building Global Themes, Empirical Studies of the Arts, 19, 1, (47), (2001).
  • , An experimental assessment of business students' performance: Recognizing risk factors associated with misappropriation of assets, , 10.1016/S1474-7979(01)04079-0, (333-360)
  • , Learner Experience and Efficiency of Instructional Guidance, Educational Psychology, 21, 1, (5), (2001).
  • , Beeinflussen Cover Stories mathematischer Textaufgaben analogen Transfer in der Mathematik?, Experimental Psychology, 48, 4, (272), (2001).
  • , Analysis of Complex Decision-Making Processes in Health Care: Cognitive Approaches to Health Informatics, Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 34, 5, (365), (2001).
  • , The Moderating Effect of Knowledge and Resources on the Persuasive Impact of Analogies, Journal of Consumer Research, 28, 2, (257), (2001).
  • , When problem solving is superior to studying worked examples., Journal of Educational Psychology, 93, 3, (579), (2001).
  • , Expertise Effects in Situation Memory and Awareness, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 45, 4, (281), (2001).
  • , Knowing in practice: re-conceptualising vocational expertise, Learning and Instruction, 11, 6, (431), (2001).
  • , Relating Case Presentation Style and Level of Student Knowledge to Fact Acquisition and Application in Accounting Case Analyses, Issues in Accounting Education, 16, 2, (205), (2001).
  • , Analyzing Propositions Underlying the Theory of Statistics, Journal of Statistics Education, 9, 3, (2001).
  • , Stalking Homo Faber, Design Knowing and Learning: Cognition in Design Education, 10.1016/B978-008043868-9/50002-4, (13-36), (2001).
  • , Beyond IQ: a new perspective on the psychological assessment of intellectual abilities, New Ideas in Psychology, 19, 1, (27), (2001).
  • , Defining Design between Domains, Design Knowing and Learning: Cognition in Design Education, 10.1016/B978-008043868-9/50007-3, (125-146), (2001).
  • , Thinking, Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 1, (223), (2001).
  • , Extracting focused knowledge from the semantic web, International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 54, 1, (155), (2001).
  • , On the fragility of skilled performance: What governs choking under pressure?, Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 130, 4, (701), (2001).
  • , Using Expert Employees to Train on the Job, Advances in Developing Human Resources, 3, 4, (425), (2001).
  • , Creativity in the organization: the role of individual creative problem solving and computer support, International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 55, 3, (217), (2001).
  • Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. HICSS-34 HICSS-01 Maui, HI, USA 3-6 Jan. 2001 Proceedings of the 34th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences IEEE Comput. Soc , (2001). 0-7695-0981-9 CTER OnLine: evaluation of an online master of education focusing on curriculum, technology and education reform 9 , 10.1109/HICSS.2001.926188 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/926188/
  • , Similarity in cognitive psychology, Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Systems, 13, 5, (423), (2001).
  • , New Directions in Design Cognition, Design Knowing and Learning: Cognition in Design Education, 10.1016/B978-008043868-9/50008-5, (147-198), (2001).
  • , A model for optimizing step size of learning tasks in competency-based multimedia practicals, Educational Technology Research and Development, 49, 3, (87), (2001).
  • , Expert Memory, Psychology of, International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 10.1016/B0-08-043076-7/01500-X, (5124-5128), (2001).
  • , A U-shaped model for the development of intuition by level of expertise, New Ideas in Psychology, 19, 3, (237), (2001).
  • , Developing conceptual understanding and procedural skill in mathematics: An iterative process., Journal of Educational Psychology, 93, 2, (346), (2001).
  • , Is generalisation conservative? A study with novices in chess, European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 13, 4, (475), (2001).
  • , Implications of research on learning for the education of prospective science and physics teachers†, Physics Education, 36, 1, (44), (2001).
  • , Artists as experts in visual cognition, Visual Cognition, 8, 6, (705), (2001).
  • Second Australasian User Interface Conference AUIC 2001 AUIC-01 Gold Coast, Qld, Australia 29 Jan-1 Feb 2001 Proceedings Second Australasian User Interface Conference. AUIC 2001 IEEE Comput. Soc , (2001). 0-7695-0969-X A pilot study of teaching the strategic use of common computer applications 85 92 , 10.1109/AUIC.2001.906281 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/906281/
  • , Facilitating high quality student practice in introductory physics, American Journal of Physics, 69, S1, (S2), (2001).
  • , Bringing Adjunct Engineering Faculty into the Learning Community, Journal of Engineering Education, 89, 1, (47-51), (2013).
  • , Getting to Best: Efficiency versus Optimality in Negotiation, Cognitive Science, 24, 2, (169-204), (2010).
  • , Setting theoretical and empirical foundations for assessing scientific inquiry and discovery in educational programs, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 37, 9, (938-962), (2000).
  • , Exploring novice users' training needs in searching information on the WWW, Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 16, 4, (326-335), (2008).
  • , Distinguishing necessary and contingent knowledge, New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2000, 89, (63-76), (2013).
  • , Learning physics with a computer algebra system, Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 16, 3, (229-242), (2001).
  • , Name collection by ph.d. history students: inducing expertise, Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 51, 5, (444-455), (2000).
  • , Interaction with an enabling information retrieval system: Modeling the user's decoding and encoding operations, Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 51, 5, (417-426), (2000).
  • , Giftedness, Expertise, and (Exceptional) Performance, International Handbook of Giftedness and Talent, 10.1016/B978-008043796-5/50012-7, (165-177), (2000).
  • , Model based learning as a key research area for science education, International Journal of Science Education, 22, 9, (1041), (2000).
  • , When Computer Technologies Meet the Learning Sciences, Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 21, 1, (59), (2000).
  • , Auditors’ ethical sensitivity and the assessment of the likelihood of fraud, Managerial Finance, 26, 11, (21), (2000).
  • , Knowledge versus experience in financial problem solving performance, Current Psychology, 19, 4, (261), (2000).
  • , Differences in the Clinical Reasoning Process of Expert and Novice Cardiorespiratory Physiotherapists, Physiotherapy, 86, 1, (14), (2000).
  • , The Role of Goal Orientation in Self-Regulated Learning, Handbook of Self-Regulation, 10.1016/B978-012109890-2/50043-3, (451-502), (2000).
  • , The causal status effect in categorization: An overview, Psychology of Learning and Motivation Volume 40, 10.1016/S0079-7421(00)80017-1, (23-65), (2000).
  • , The Role of Narratives in the Advertising of Experiential Services, Journal of Service Research, 3, 1, (35), (2000).
  • , Spatial diagrams: Key instruments in the toolbox for thought, Psychology of Learning and Motivation Volume 40, 10.1016/S0079-7421(00)80023-7, (279-325), (2000).
  • , Would the real gold standard please step forward?, Research Papers in Education, 15, 2, (213), (2000).
  • , Knowledge restructuring in expertise development: Evidence from pathophysiological representations of clinical cases by students and physicians, European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 12, 3, (323), (2000).
  • , Gender Biases and Therapists’ Conceptualization of Couple Difficulties, The American Journal of Family Therapy, 28, 2, (181), (2000).
  • , CONTENT DETERMINES PROCESS: SEEING THE FAMILIAR IN NEW WAYS, Reading & Writing Quarterly, 16, 2, (119), (2000).
  • , External and Internal Instantiation of Abstract Information Facilitates Transfer in Insight Problem Solving, Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25, 4, (423), (2000).
  • , THE STRUCTURAL QUADRANTS METHOD: A NEW APPROACH TO THE ASSESSMENT OF CONSTRUCT SYSTEM COMPLEXITY VIA THE REPERTORY GRID, Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 13, 1, (1), (2000).
  • , From fragmented knowledge to a knowledge structure: Linking the domains of mechanics and electromagnetism, American Journal of Physics, 68, S1, (S16), (2000).
  • , Knowledge structures and retail sales performance: an empirical examination, Journal of Retailing, 76, 1, (53), (2000).
  • , Evaluations of Outcome Sequences, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 83, 2, (331), (2000).
  • , Learning from Examples: Instructional Principles from the Worked Examples Research, Review of Educational Research, 70, 2, (181), (2000).
  • , Causal Status as a Determinant of Feature Centrality, Cognitive Psychology, 41, 4, (361), (2000).
  • HICSS33: Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences HICSS-00 Maui, HI, USA 4-7 Jan. 2000 Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences IEEE Comput. Soc , (2000). vol.1 0-7695-0493-0 Domain-oriented interface metaphors: designing Web interfaces for effective customer interaction 10 , 10.1109/HICSS.2000.926868 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/926868/
  • , Performance and human factors: considerations about cognition and attention for self-paced and externally-paced events, Ergonomics, 43, 10, (1661), (2000).
  • , ORGANIZATIONAL KNOWLEDGE, HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, AND SUSTAINED COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: TOWARD A FRAMEWORK, Competitiveness Review, 10, 1, (123), (2000).
  • , The effects of category use on learned categories, Memory & Cognition, 28, 1, (51), (2000).
  • , Studying Cognitive Systems in Context: Preface to the Special Section, Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 42, 1, (1), (2000).
  • , Chapter 1: Cognition, Computers, and Synthetic Science: Building Knowledge and Meaning Through Modeling, Review of Research in Education, 25, 1, (1), (2000).
  • , A longitudinal study of database-assisted problem solving, Information Processing & Management, 36, 3, (445), (2000).
  • 30th Annual Frontiers in Education Conference. Building on A Century of Progress in Engineering Education. Conference Proceedings FIE-00 Kansas City, MO, USA 18-21 Oct. 2000 30th Annual Frontiers in Education Conference. Building on A Century of Progress in Engineering Education. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.00CH37135) Stripes Publishing , (2000). 2 0-7803-6424-4 Preparing for professional practice: course evaluation and implications F2C/19 F2C/24 , 10.1109/FIE.2000.896542 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/896542/
  • , Cognitive requirements for learning with open-ended learning environments, Educational Technology Research and Development, 48, 3, (61), (2000).
  • , Ease of Recall vs Recalled Evidence in Judgment: Experts vs Laymen, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 81, 1, (28), (2000).
  • , Technology and student-centered learning in higher education: Issues and practices, Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 12, 1, (3), (2000).
  • , Supporting the development of science inquiry skills with special classes of software, Educational Technology Research and Development, 48, 2, (81), (2000).
  • , An investigation of the knowledge structures of experts, intermediates and novices in physics, International Journal of Science Education, 22, 9, (979), (2000).
  • , Modelling Extended Extragalactic Radio Sources, Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics, 31, 1, (49), (2000).
  • , Expert–novice differences in gymnastic judging: an information‐processing perspective, Applied Cognitive Psychology, 13, 3, (269-281), (1999).
  • , Expert decision making, Systems Engineering, 2, 1, (32-45), (1999).
  • , Peer collaboration in solving qualitative physics problems: The role of collaborative talk, Research in Science Education, 29, 3, (365), (1999).
  • , Knowledge and the Sequential Processes of Negotiation: A Markov Chain Analysis of Response-in-Kind, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 35, 4, (366), (1999).
  • , Aerospace Psychology, Human Performance and Ergonomics, 10.1016/B978-012322735-5/50009-9, (195-242), (1999).
  • , Perseveration and Problem Solving in Infancy, Advances in Child Development and Behavior Volume 27, 10.1016/S0065-2407(08)60138-X, (135-180), (1999).
  • , The Relation Between Assessment Practices and Outcomes of Studies: The Case of Research on Prior Knowledge, Review of Educational Research, 69, 2, (145), (1999).
  • , A Proposed Model for Explaining and Measuring Web Ad Effectiveness, Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising, 21, 1, (13), (1999).
  • IEEE Computer Society Conference on Frontiers in Education FIE-99 San Juan, Puerto Rico 10-13 Nov. 1999 FIE'99 Frontiers in Education. 29th Annual Frontiers in Education Conference. Designing the Future of Science and Engineering Education. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.99CH37011 Stripes Publishing L.L.C , (1999). 3 0-7803-5643-8 Integrating knowledge across the engineering curriculum 13B7/20 13B7/25 , 10.1109/FIE.1999.840398 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/840398/
  • , Food for Thought: Cross-Classification and Category Organization in a Complex Real-World Domain, Cognitive Psychology, 38, 4, (495), (1999).
  • , Individual differences in assessing problem similarity, Accounting Education, 8, 2, (77), (1999).
  • , The Effect of Stage of Development and Financial Health on Auditor Decision Behavior in the Going‐Concern Task, AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 18, 1, (37), (1999).
  • , Chapter 9 : Addressing the “Two Disciplines” Problem: Linking Theories of Cognition and Learning With Assessment and Instructional Practice, Review of Research in Education, 24, 1, (307), (1999).
  • , Nurturing the seeds of transfer: a domain-specific perspective, International Journal of Educational Research, 31, 7, (561), (1999).
  • , Multiplicity in Learning and Teaching, Journal of Research on Computing in Education, 32, 2, (256), (1999).
  • , Novice to Expert: An Exploration of How Professionals Learn, Adult Education Quarterly, 49, 4, (133), (1999).
  • , Artificial neural network-based performance assessments, Computers in Human Behavior, 15, 3-4, (295), (1999).
  • , The Role of Mental Models in Control Theory:Understanding Cognitive FACTORS Influencing the Behaviors of Salespeople, Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 7, 1, (17), (1999).
  • , Indexical understanding of instructions, Discourse Processes, 28, 1, (1), (1999).
  • , Are Time and Action Dissociated in Young Children's Time Estimation?, Cognitive Development, 14, 4, (573), (1999).
  • , Reasoning about conventional time as a function of conventional time systems, Memory & Cognition, 27, 6, (1080), (1999).
  • , Mathematics Performance Assessment in the Classroom: Effects on Teacher Planning and Student Problem Solving, American Educational Research Journal, 36, 3, (609), (1999).
  • , Expertise and the use of visual analogy: implications for design education, Design Studies, 20, 2, (153), (1999).
  • , Procedural and conceptual knowledge of expert and novice students for the solving of a basic problem in chemistry, International Journal of Science Education, 21, 2, (195), (1999).
  • , Experimental evaluation of a graphical display system to visualizing multiple criteria solutions, European Journal of Operational Research, 119, 1, (191), (1999).
  • , Theory, practice and the psychology of expertise, Social Work Education, 18, 2, (195), (1999).
  • IEEE Computer Society Conference on Frontiers in Education FIE-99 San Juan, Puerto Rico 10-13 Nov. 1999 FIE'99 Frontiers in Education. 29th Annual Frontiers in Education Conference. Designing the Future of Science and Engineering Education. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.99CH37011 Stripes Publishing L.L.C , (1999). 2 0-7803-5643-8 A case study of student reasoning about feedback control in a computer-based learning environment 12D4/7 12D412 , 10.1109/FIE.1999.841673 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/841673/
  • , Networks of law encoding diagrams for understanding science, European Journal of Psychology of Education, 14, 2, (167), (1999).
  • , Unlocking conceptual learning in mathematics and science with effective representational systems, Computers & Education, 33, 2-3, (109), (1999).
  • , Influence of Expertise on the Intentional Transfer of Motor Skill, Journal of Motor Behavior, 31, 1, (79), (1999).
  • , Tacit knowledge and the epistemology of expertise in strategic marketing management, European Journal of Marketing, 33, 7/8, (720), (1999).
  • , Studying the mind of the gifted:Eunsook Hong, Guest Editor, Roeper Review, 21, 4, (244), (1999).
  • , Charting of Student Progress, Advances in Measurement in Educational Research and Assessment, 10.1016/B978-008043348-6/50021-8, (254-267), (1999).
  • , Systematic comparison of solved problems as a cooperative learning task, Research in Science Education, 29, 3, (313), (1999).
  • , An analysis of knowledge representation of students in electronic problem tasks, European Journal of Psychology of Education, 14, 3, (325), (1999).
  • , Developing A-level physics students' mathematical skills - a way forward?, Physics Education, 34, 5, (306), (1999).
  • , Evidence for abstract, schematic knowledge of three spatial diagram representations, Memory & Cognition, 27, 2, (288), (1999).
  • , Using a Social Studies Theme to Conceptualize a Problem, The Social Studies, 90, 4, (171), (1999).
  • , Training team problem solving skills: an event-based approach, Computers in Human Behavior, 15, 3-4, (441), (1999).
  • , Chapter 3: Rethinking Transfer: A Simple Proposal With Multiple Implications, Review of Research in Education, 24, 1, (61), (1999).
  • , Expertise, models of learning and computer-based tutoring, Computers & Education, 33, 2-3, (189), (1999).
  • , Knowledge constructing through hypermedia authoring, Educational Technology Research and Development, 47, 1, (29), (1999).
  • , Experience, instruction and knowledge acquisition: a study in taxation, Journal of Accounting Education, 17, 4, (351), (1999).
  • , Personal Factors Affecting the Generality of Academic Self-Efficacy Judgments: Gender, Ethnicity, and Relative Expertise, The Journal of Experimental Education, 67, 4, (315), (1999).
  • , Teachers' Conceptions of the Internet and the World Wide Web: A Representational Toolkit as a Model of Expertise, Journal of Educational Computing Research, 21, 1, (1), (1999).
  • , The treatment of pressure sores: a comparison of novice and expert nurses’ knowledge, information use and decision accuracy, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 27, 2, (280-286), (2001).
  • , Individual differences within problem‐solving strategies used in physics, Science Education, 82, 3, (379-405), (1998).
  • , Schematic concepts for schematic models of the real world: The Newtonian concept of force, Science Education, 82, 2, (239-263), (1998).
  • , A Developmental Rationale for Curriculum Order and Teaching Styles in Counselor Education Programs, Counselor Education and Supervision, 38, 2, (89-105), (2011).
  • , GRAPHICAL MODELS AND COMPUTERIZED ADAPTIVE TESTING, ETS Research Report Series, 1998, 1, (i-24), (2014).
  • , The Advanced Programmer's Reliance on Program Semantics: Evidence from some Cognitive Tasks, International Journal of Psychology, 33, 4, (259-268), (2010).
  • , Reading Abraham Lincoln: An Expert/Expert Study in the Interpretation of Historical Texts, Cognitive Science, 22, 3, (319-346), (2010).
  • , Evolution and the nature of science: On the historical discord and its implications for education, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 35, 10, (1069-1089), (1998).
  • , The MDS-ANAVA technique for assessing knowledge representation differences between skill groups, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part A: Systems and Humans, 28, 5, (586), (1998).
  • IEEE Computer Society Symposium Frontiers in Education FIE-98 Tempe, AZ, USA 4-7 Nov. 1998 FIE '98. 28th Annual Frontiers in Education Conference. Moving from 'Teacher-Centered' to 'Learner-Centered' Education. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.98CH36214) IEEE , (1998). 3 0-7803-4762-5 The acquisition of expertise in software engineering education 1302 1307 , 10.1109/FIE.1998.738679 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/738679/
  • , Examining and Extending Research in Coach Development, Quest, 50, 1, (59), (1998).
  • , Cognitive Load and Positive Mood Reduce Typicality Effects in Attitude-Behavior Consistency, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 5, (496), (1998).
  • , Teaching and Learning Generic Modeling and Reasoning Skills, Interactive Learning Environments, 5, 1, (33), (1998).
  • , Strategy Adaptiyity and Individual Differences, , 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60185-1, (115-154), (1998).
  • , The accessing of geometry schemas by high school students, Mathematics Education Research Journal, 10, 2, (27), (1998).
  • , Designing towards emotional usability in customer interfaces—trustworthiness of cyber-banking system interfaces, Interacting with Computers, 10, 1, (1), (1998).
  • , Reasoning by Analogy in Solving Comparison Problems, Mathematical Cognition, 4, 2, (125), (1998).
  • , The Influence of Individuals’ Beliefs about Learning and Nature of Knowledge on Educating a Competent Workforce, Journal of Education and Work, 11, 3, (239), (1998).
  • , Ontogeny and participation in communities of practice: a socio-cognitive view of adult development, Studies in the Education of Adults, 30, 1, (21), (1998).
  • , Reasoning by analogy: Is it schema-mediated or case-based?, European Journal of Psychology of Education, 13, 3, (385), (1998).
  • , An experimental study on the effectiveness of metacognitive and heuristic problem solving techniques on computational performance of students in mathematics, International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 29, 6, (867), (1998).
  • , The Strategy-Specific Nature of Improvement: The Power Law Applies by Strategy Within Task, Psychological Science, 9, 1, (1), (1998).
  • , A field study of a cognitive approach to understanding transformational and transactional leadership, The Leadership Quarterly, 9, 1, (55), (1998).
  • , Use of the Critical Decision Method to Elicit Expert Knowledge: A Case Study in the Methodology of Cognitive Task Analysis, Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 40, 2, (254), (1998).
  • , More evidence for a relational shift in the development of analogy: Children's performance on a causal-mapping task, Cognitive Development, 13, 4, (453), (1998).
  • , An Observational Study of Design Team Process: A Comparison of Student and Professional Engineers, Journal of Mechanical Design, 120, 4, (636), (1998).
  • , The Role of Children's Theory of Mind in Science Experimentation, The Journal of Experimental Education, 66, 2, (101), (1998).
  • , Cognitive and Metacognitive Abilities Involved in the Solution of Mathematical Word Problems: Validation of a Comprehensive Model, Contemporary Educational Psychology, 23, 3, (257), (1998).
  • , An investigation into high-achiever and low-achiever knowledge organisation and knowledge processing in concept mapping: A case study, Research in Science Education, 28, 3, (337), (1998).
  • , What is an expert instructional designer? Evidence of expert performance during formative evaluation, Educational Technology Research and Development, 46, 3, (21), (1998).
  • , Bibliography, Informal Learning in the Workplace, 10.4324/9780203028926.bmatt2, (2010).
  • , An Inquiry into Schön's Epistemology of Practice: Exploring Links between Experience and Reflective Practice, Adult Education Quarterly, 48, 2, (98), (1998).
  • , Impact of intuitive theories on feature recruitment throughout the continuum of expertise, Memory & Cognition, 26, 2, (382), (1998).
  • , L'application d'un modèle mathématique à l'analyse de dissertations en langue seconde: utile ou pas?, Canadian Modern Language Review, 55, 2, (260), (1998).
  • , Two dogmas of conceptual empiricism: implications for hybrid models of the structure of knowledge, Cognition, 65, 2-3, (103), (1998).
  • , Expert Chess Memory: Revisiting the Chunking Hypothesis, Memory, 6, 3, (225), (1998).
  • , Beyond romantic versus sceptic: a microanalysis of conceptual change in kinematics, International Journal of Science Education, 20, 9, (1025), (1998).
  • , Reuniting perception and conception, Cognition, 65, 2-3, (231), (1998).
  • , What's in a representation, why do we care, and what does it mean? Examining evidence from psychology, Automation in Construction, 8, 1, (15), (1998).
  • , Individual differences in feelings of difficulty: The case of school mathematics, European Journal of Psychology of Education, 13, 2, (207), (1998).
  • , Task Representation for Decision Support, Performance Enhancement and Training, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 42, 3, (380), (1998).
  • , Differences in Novice and Competent Teachers' Knowledge, Teachers and Teaching, 4, 1, (9), (1998).
  • , Using concept sorting and concept mapping in business and public administration, and in education: an overview, Educational Research, 40, 2, (219), (1998).
  • , From conceptual development to science education: a psychological point of view, International Journal of Science Education, 20, 10, (1213), (1998).
  • , Applied cognitive task analysis (ACTA): a practitioner's toolkit for understanding cognitive task demands, Ergonomics, 41, 11, (1618), (1998).
  • , Expert novice similarities and instruction using analogies, International Journal of Science Education, 20, 10, (1271), (1998).
  • , Differences in Several Perceptual Abilities between Experts and Novices in Basketball, Volleyball and Water-Polo, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 86, 3, (899), (1998).
  • , Representations of an Osmosis Problem, The American Biology Teacher, 60, 1, (27), (1998).
  • , Adding Apples and Oranges: Alignment of Semantic and Formal Knowledge, Cognitive Psychology, 35, 2, (99), (1998).
  • , Appropriation and ontogeny: identifying compatibility between cognitive and sociocultural contributions to adult learning and development, International Journal of Lifelong Education, 17, 1, (21), (1998).
  • , Models of magnetism, International Journal of Science Education, 20, 3, (361), (1998).
  • , Analysis and Training of Diagnostic Expertise in Complex Technical Domains, European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 7, 4, (479), (1998).
  • , Education for all: Access to learning and achieving usable knowledge, Prospects, 28, 1, (5), (1998).
  • , Differences between Novice and Expert Systems Analysts: What Do We Know and What Do We Do?, Journal of Management Information Systems, 15, 1, (9), (1998).
  • , A Computer‐Based Task for Measuring the Representational Component of Quantitative Proficiency, Journal of Educational Measurement, 34, 1, (64-77), (2005).
  • , Knowledge restructuring in the life sciences: A longitudinal study of conceptual change in biology, Science Education, 81, 2, (193-215), (1998).
  • , Multimedia and understanding: Expert and novice responses to different representations of chemical phenomena, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 34, 9, (949-968), (1998).
  • , Patient, physician and presentational influences on clinical decision making for breast cancer: results from a factorial experiment*, Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 3, 1, (23-57), (2007).
  • , Representations as Decision Aids: The Asymmetric Effects of Words and Numbers on Auditors' Inherent Risk Judgments*, Decision Sciences, 28, 3, (709-743), (2007).
  • , Discourse Processing of First and Second Language Biology Texts: Effects of Language Proficiency and Domain‐Specific Knowledge, The Modern Language Journal, 81, 2, (209-227), (2011).
  • , A TREE‐BASED APPROACH TO PROFICIENCY SCALING, ETS Research Report Series, 1997, 1, (i-36), (2014).
  • , Experience and the organization of auditors’ knowledge, Managerial Auditing Journal, 12, 8, (411), (1997).
  • , Expertise in Object and Face Recognition, Perceptual Learning, 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60282-0, (83-125), (1997).
  • , From Novice to expert, Handbook of Human-Computer Interaction, 10.1016/B978-044481862-1.50099-6, (781-795), (1997).
  • , Reflection in administrator preparation, Peabody Journal of Education, 72, 2, (86), (1997).
  • , AUTOMATICITY AND PHONEMIC REPRESENTATIONS: PERCEPTUAL AND COGNITIVE BUILDING BLOCKS FOR READING, Reading & Writing Quarterly, 13, 2, (147), (1997).
  • , Understanding expertise in information systems design, or, What's all the fuss about objects?, Decision Support Systems, 21, 2, (111), (1997).
  • , Knowledge Building as a Mediator of Conflict in Conceptual Change, Cognition and Instruction, 15, 1, (1), (1997).
  • , The Influences of Patient Characteristics and Physician Experience on Case Recall, Medical Decision Making, 17, 2, (199), (1997).
  • , Object-Based Reasoning, , 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60498-3, (1-39), (1997).
  • , Instructional design models for well-structured and III-structured problem-solving learning outcomes, Educational Technology Research and Development, 45, 1, (65), (1997).
  • , The effect of context on students’ reasoning about forces, International Journal of Science Education, 19, 6, (681), (1997).
  • , Explicit knowledge of gravity and the water-level task, Learning and Individual Differences, 9, 3, (233), (1997).
  • , An alternative for assessing problem-solving skills: The overall test, Studies in Educational Evaluation, 23, 4, (373), (1997).
  • , Learning Technological Concepts and Developing Intellectual Skills, International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 7, 1-2, (161), (1997).
  • , Use of Simultaneous-Synchronized Macroscopic, Microscopic, and Symbolic Representations To Enhance the Teaching and Learning of Chemical Concepts, Journal of Chemical Education, 74, 3, (330), (1997).
  • , Introduction Domains, Paradigms, and Methods in the Study of Expertise, Thinking & Reasoning, 3, 4, (241), (1997).
  • , Evolution of novice through expert teachers' recall: Implications for effective reflection on practice, Teaching and Teacher Education, 13, 7, (741), (1997).
  • , The generality vs domain-specificity of metacognitive skills in novice learning across domains, Learning and Instruction, 7, 2, (187), (1997).
  • 1997 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics. Computational Cybernetics and Simulation ICSMC-97 Orlando, FL, USA 12-15 Oct. 1997 1997 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics. Computational Cybernetics and Simulation IEEE , (1997). 4 0-7803-4053-1 How document use and management support a dynamic environment supervision?-A case study of their embedded relations with a remedial view 3210 3214 , 10.1109/ICSMC.1997.633099 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/633099/
  • , Toward a Methodology for the Measurement of Knowledge Structures of Ordinary People, Environment and Behavior, 29, 5, (579), (1997).
  • , A quantitative analysis of pattern production and its relationship to expert performance, Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 9, 1, (83), (1997).
  • , An investigation of the relationship between scientific reasoning, conceptual knowledge and model formulation in a naturalistic setting, International Journal of Science Education, 19, 8, (957), (1997).
  • , The Acquisition of Qualitative Physics Knowledge During Textbook-Based Physics Training, Cognition and Instruction, 15, 2, (169), (1997).
  • , Cognitive and Strategic Components of the Explanation Effect, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 70, 2, (149), (1997).
  • , Management, accounting and cognition, Scandinavian Journal of Management, 13, 1, (39), (1997).
  • , The Elements of Expertise, Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 68, 2, (30), (1997).
  • , Communication skills, educational achievement and biographic characteristics of children with moderate learning difficulties, European Journal of Psychology of Education, 12, 4, (401), (1997).
  • , The Effects of Elicitation Aids, Knowledge, and Problem Content on Option Quantity and Quality, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 72, 2, (184), (1997).
  • , Meaningful Learning in Science, Handbook of Academic Learning, 10.1016/B978-012554255-5/50014-4, (405-447), (1997).
  • , On the Complex Relation Between Cognitive Developmental Research and Children’s Science Curricula, Review of Educational Research, 67, 1, (151), (1997).
  • , Developing students' physics problem-solving skills, Physics Education, 32, 3, (176), (1997).
  • , Zur Repräsentation systematischer Ähnlichkeiten zwischen analogen Problemen nach zielgerichteten Elaborationen, Kognitionswissenschaft, 6, 3, (101), (1997).
  • , Parents’ decision-making strategies when selecting child care: Effects of parental awareness, experience, and education, Child & Youth Care Forum, 26, 6, (391), (1997).
  • , Shuttling Between Depictive Models and Abstract Rules: Induction and Fallback, Cognitive Science, 20, 4, (457-497), (2010).
  • , Why People are Not Like Marbles in an Urn: An Effect of Context on Statistical Reasoning, Applied Cognitive Psychology, 10, 7, (99-112), (1999).
  • , Facilitating successful prediction problem solving in biology through application of skill theory, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 33, 5, (541-552), (1998).
  • , Geographic information systems: Implications for problem solving, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 33, 1, (21-45), (1998).
  • , Conceptualizing Structurable Tasks in the Development of Knowledge‐Based Systems*, Decision Sciences, 27, 3, (415-449), (2007).
  • , Comparison and Categorization in the Development of Relational Similarity, Child Development, 67, 6, (2797-2822), (2008).
  • , Children's Reasoning about the Interaction of Forces, Child Development, 67, 6, (2728-2742), (2008).
  • , Test Theory Reconceived, Journal of Educational Measurement, 33, 4, (379-416), (2005).
  • , Probability‐Based Inference in a Domain of Proportional Reasoning Tasks, Journal of Educational Measurement, 33, 1, (3-27), (2005).
  • , Evaluating the interpretive community: Evidence from expert and novice readers, Poetics, 23, 6, (453), (1996).
  • , Concepts and Theories, Perceptual and Cognitive Development, 10.1016/B978-012279660-9/50022-1, (117-150), (1996).
  • , Experts' and Novices' Error Patterns in Solving Part-Whole Mathematical Word Problems, The Journal of Educational Research, 90, 1, (42), (1996).
  • , The Union of Technology, Constructivism, and Teacher Education, Journal of Teacher Education, 47, 3, (205), (1996).
  • , Individual Differences in Memory, Memory, 10.1016/B978-012102570-0/50014-8, (411-441), (1996).
  • , Application of Cognitive Measures and Models in Predicting Point-of-Sale Terminal Performance, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 40, 20, (1041), (1996).
  • , Children's Reasoning about the Interaction of Forces, Child Development, 67, 6, (2728), (1996).
  • , Varieties of money experts' and non-experts' typicality judgments, Journal of Economic Psychology, 17, 3, (403), (1996).
  • , Towards a revised cognitive psychology for new advances in learning and instruction, Learning and Instruction, 6, 2, (95), (1996).
  • , Remote analogical reminding, Memory & Cognition, 24, 5, (629), (1996).
  • , Classtalk: A classroom communication system for active learning, Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 7, 2, (3), (1996).
  • , The study of literary expertise as a research strategy, Poetics, 23, 6, (385), (1996).
  • , Instruction and Practice in Learning to use a Device, Cognitive Science, 20, 4, (539-578), (2010).
  • , The “Qualitative” Differences in Problem‐Solving Procedures and Thinking Structures Between Science and Nonscience Majors, School Science and Mathematics, 96, 6, (283-289), (2010).
  • , Conceptualizing Structurable Tasks in the Development of Knowledge-Based Systems, Decision Sciences, 27, 3, (415), (1996).
  • Technology-Based Re-Engineering Engineering Education Frontiers in Education FIE'96 26th Annual Conference FIE-96 Salt Lake City, UT, USA 6-9 Nov. 1996 Technology-Based Re-Engineering Engineering Education Proceedings of Frontiers in Education FIE'96 26th Annual Conference IEEE , (1996). 1 0-7803-3348-9 Subgoal identification and error analysis in problem solving 74 77 , 10.1109/FIE.1996.567991 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/567991/
  • , Structural Biases in Concept Learning, , 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60578-2, (283-321), (1996).
  • , Concept maps about chemical equilibrium and students' achievement scores, Research in Science Education, 26, 2, (169), (1996).
  • , A cognitive perspective on manual assembly, Ergonomics, 39, 1, (108), (1996).
  • , Evidence of deontic reasoning in 3- and 4-year-old children, Memory & Cognition, 24, 6, (823), (1996).
  • , Comparison and Categorization in the Development of Relational Similarity, Child Development, 67, 6, (2797), (1996).
  • , Types and qualities of knowledge, Educational Psychologist, 31, 2, (105), (1996).
  • , Who Reasons Well? Two Studies of Informal Reasoning Among Children of Different Grade, Ability, and Knowledge Levels, Cognition and Instruction, 14, 2, (139), (1996).
  • , The relationship between leisure theory and recreation practice, Leisure Sciences, 18, 4, (315), (1996).
  • , Background knowledge and the construction of a situational representation from a diagram, European Journal of Psychology of Education, 11, 4, (377), (1996).
  • , The effects of training in the use of executive strategies in geometry problem solving, Learning and Instruction, 6, 1, (1), (1996).
  • , Studying human expertise: Beyond the binary paradigm, Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 8, 3-4, (277), (1996).
  • , Assessment of answers to questions about a text and knowledge of cognitive processes, European Journal of Psychology of Education, 11, 3, (313), (1996).
  • , The Cognitive Experience as a Psychological Basis of Intellectual Giftedness, Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 20, 1, (3), (1996).
  • , Seeking the causal connection in electricity: shifting among mechanistic perspectives, International Journal of Science Education, 18, 2, (143), (1996).
  • , Decision Support and Information Search in a Complex Environment: Evidence from Archival Data in Auditing, Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 38, 3, (495), (1996).
  • , Children's construction of mathematical knowledge in solving novel isomorphic problems in concrete and written form, The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 15, 1, (81), (1996).
  • , A Comparison of Three Learning Strategies in Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Journal of Educational Computing Research, 14, 4, (371), (1996).
  • , Towards a model of workplace learning: the learning curriculum, Studies in Continuing Education, 18, 1, (43), (1996).
  • , Chapter 6 Levels of explanation: Complexity and ecology, Cognitive Technology - In Search of a Humane Interface, 10.1016/S0166-4115(96)80026-4, (99-116), (1996).
  • , Analyzing a new learning strategy according to different knowledge levels, Computers & Education, 27, 2, (115), (1996).
  • , The metamorphosis of the construction of competence, Studies in Continuing Education, 18, 1, (24), (1996).
  • , The importance of prior knowledge and assessment for increasing efficiency of the learning processes, especially in ‘problem-based’ powerful learning environments, European Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, 3, 3, (141), (1996).
  • , Category Learning as Problem Solving, , 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60575-7, (165-192), (1996).
  • , Learning from texts: Effects of prior knowledge and text coherence, Discourse Processes, 22, 3, (247), (1996).
  • , Acquisition and Impact of Consumer Expertise, Journal of Consumer Psychology, 5, 2, (115-133), (2008).
  • , Medical students' personal knowledge, searching proficiency, and database use in problem solving, Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 46, 8, (590-607), (1999).
  • , Model–based analysis and reasoning in science: The MARS curriculum, Science Education, 79, 1, (37-61), (2006).
  • , The Influences of User Characteristics on Performance in a Logistics DSS Application, Decision Sciences, 26, 4, (503-530), (2007).
  • , La détection des effets de mise en scène dans les états financiers*, Contemporary Accounting Research, 12, 1, (107-130), (2010).
  • , Detecting Framing Effects in Financial Statements*, Contemporary Accounting Research, 12, 1, (85-105), (2010).
  • , Use of Inappropriate and Inaccurate Conceptual Knowledge to Solve an Osmosis Problem, School Science and Mathematics, 95, 3, (124-130), (2010).
  • , An explanation of the differences between expert and novice performance in the administration of an intramuscular injection of an analgesic agent to a patient in pain*, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 22, 4, (800-807), (2008).
  • , The Transition From Novice to Expert Counselor, Counselor Education and Supervision, 35, 1, (4-17), (2011).
  • , A TASK TYPE FOR MEASURING THE REPRESENTATIONAL COMPONENT OF QUANTITATIVE PROFICIENCY, ETS Research Report Series, 1995, 1, (i-29), (2014).
  • , Skill differences in medical laboratory diagnostics, Applied Cognitive Psychology, 9, 3, (235-247), (2006).
  • , Stressful Situations in Competitive Basketball, Australian Psychologist, 30, 2, (119-124), (2011).
  • , Designer Thinking: How Novices and Experts Think About Instructional Design, Performance Improvement Quarterly, 8, 3, (80-95), (2008).
  • , How novice physics students deal with explanations, International Journal of Science Education, 17, 2, (255), (1995).
  • , Cognitive Ability and Computing Experience Influence Interpretation of Computer Metaphors, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 39, 4, (243), (1995).
  • , Key features for model building decision support systems, European Journal of Operational Research, 82, 3, (422), (1995).
  • , A constructivist approach to the development of personal epistemic assumptions and worldviews, Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 8, 1, (1), (1995).
  • , UNIFIED APPROACH TO LEARNING FOR COMPLEX REAL-WORLD DOMAINS, Applied Artificial Intelligence, 9, 2, (127), (1995).
  • , Understanding and teaching important scientific thought processes, Journal of Science Education and Technology, 4, 4, (261), (1995).
  • , Early Symbol Understanding and Use, , 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60372-2, (65-114), (1995).
  • , What do pre-adolescents and adolescents understand about HIV/AIDS?, Psychology & Health, 10, 6, (507), (1995).
  • , Recent cognitive perspectives on learning — implications for nurse education, Nurse Education Today, 15, 4, (280), (1995).
  • , Cognitive task analysis for instructional design: Applications in distance education, Distance Education, 16, 1, (88), (1995).
  • , Understanding database design expertise, Data & Knowledge Engineering, 16, 2, (97), (1995).
  • , Content knowledge transformation: An examination of the relationship between content knowledge and curricula, Teaching and Teacher Education, 11, 4, (389), (1995).
  • , Content and Discontent: Indications and Implications of Domain Specificity in Preferential Decision Making, , 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60308-4, (83-136), (1995).
  • , Protocol modeling, textual analysis, the bifurcation/bootstrapping method, andConvince Me: Computer-based techniques for studying beliefs and their revision, Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 27, 2, (239), (1995).
  • , An Investigation of the Importance of Domain-Specific Knowledge for Writing Proficiency, Psychological Reports, 76, 2, (355), (1995).
  • , Contributions to Psychohistory: XXIV. Professional Experience and Expertise in the Area of Information Sciences, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 81, 1, (297), (1995).
  • , Salespersons’ perceptions about sales contests, European Journal of Marketing, 29, 13, (42), (1995).
  • , Reassessment of Developmental Constraints on Children’s Science Instruction, Review of Educational Research, 65, 2, (93), (1995).
  • , Designing computer learning environments for engineering and computer science: The scaffolded knowledge integration framework, Journal of Science Education and Technology, 4, 2, (103), (1995).
  • , Should physicists preach what they practice?, Science & Education, 4, 3, (203), (1995).
  • , A Prototype View of Expert Teaching, Educational Researcher, 24, 6, (9), (1995).
  • , L.S. Vygotsky as the Founder of a New Approach to Instruction, School Psychology International, 16, 2, (131), (1995).
  • , Expert and Novice Recognition of Similar Situations, Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 37, 1, (105), (1995).
  • , Developing reflection and expertise: can mentors make the difference?, Journal of Educational Administration, 33, 5, (45), (1995).
  • , Expanding the Constructivist Metaphor: A Rhetorical Perspective on Literacy Research and Practice, Review of Educational Research, 65, 4, (383), (1995).
  • , Assessing and extending the scope of children's contexts of meaning: context maps as a methodological perspective, International Journal of Science Education, 17, 2, (167), (1995).
  • , Exploring Options: Let's Give Students Something to Think About, Gifted Child Today, 18, 6, (32), (1995).
  • , An abstract to concrete shift in the development of biological thought: the insides story, Cognition, 56, 2, (129), (1995).
  • , Teaching for Understanding: A Model for Improving Decision Making During Game Play, Quest, 47, 1, (44), (1995).
  • , TEST THEORY RECONCEIVED, ETS Research Report Series, 1994, 1, (i-38), (2014).
  • , Network representations of knowledge about chemical equilibrium: Variations with achievement, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 31, 10, (1133-1147), (2006).
  • , The Distinction between Skills Based and Qualifications Based Procedures for Recognizing Migrants' Professional Skills*, International Migration, 32, 1, (127-144), (2009).
  • , Expert performance in solving word puzzles: From retrieval cues to crossword clues, Applied Cognitive Psychology, 8, 6, (531-548), (2006).
  • , Teaching a thinking strategy: Transfer across domains and self learning versus class‐like setting, Applied Cognitive Psychology, 8, 6, (549-563), (2006).
  • , Visual–perceptual and cognitive differences between expert, intermediate, and novice snooker players, Applied Cognitive Psychology, 8, 3, (185-211), (2006).
  • , The nature and development of preservice science teachers' conceptions of subject matter and pedagogy, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 31, 2, (129-146), (2006).
  • , Competency Based Assessment in the Professions in Australia, Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 1, 1, (27), (1994).
  • , Will media influence learning? Reframing the debate, Educational Technology Research and Development, 42, 2, (7), (1994).
  • , Exploring Relations among Perception, Action, and Knowledge Using Retrospective Verbal Reports, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 78, 2, (511), (1994).
  • , Constructing naive theories of motion on the fly, Memory & Cognition, 22, 4, (474), (1994).
  • , SOME METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF MACHINE LEARNING, Cybernetics and Systems, 25, 2, (233), (1994).
  • , Interacting cognitive subsystems: a framework for considering the relationships between performance and knowledge representations, Interacting with Computers, 6, 1, (61), (1994).
  • , Designing and using open-ended software to promote conceptual change, Journal of Science Education and Technology, 3, 3, (161), (1994).
  • , Diagnostic Reasoning and Medical Expertise, Advances in Research and Theory, 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60411-9, (187-252), (1994).
  • , Test and Evaluation of Knowledge Transfer between Task Domains, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 38, 17, (1123), (1994).
  • , A cognitive interpretation of transactional and transformational leadership theories, The Leadership Quarterly, 5, 2, (161), (1994).
  • , Metacognitive mediation in learning with computer-based simulations, Computers in Human Behavior, 10, 1, (93), (1994).
  • , The training of knowledge structures for manufacturing tasks: an empirical study, Ergonomics, 37, 4, (765), (1994).
  • , An Examination of Information Technology’s Impact on the Value of Information and Expertise: Implications for Organizational Change, Journal of Management Information Systems, 11, 2, (59), (1994).
  • , El conocimiento científico y el cotidiano: comparación e implicaciones para el aprendizaje, Comunicación, Lenguaje y Educación, 6, 1, (3), (1994).
  • , The problems of learning to think like a historian: Writing history in the culture of the classroom, Educational Psychologist, 29, 2, (89), (1994).
  • , Quantitative and qualitative differences between experts and novices in chunking computer software knowledge, International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 6, 1, (105), (1994).
  • , Integration of computers into the medical school curriculum: An example from a microbiology course, Medical Teacher, 16, 1, (9), (1994).
  • , The effect of the direction of motion on students' conceptions of forces, Research in Science Education, 24, 1, (253), (1994).
  • , Expert-Novice Differences in Memory, Abstraction, and Reasoning in the Domain of Literature, Cognition and Instruction, 12, 4, (277), (1994).
  • , Application of genetics knowledge to the solution of pedigree problems, Research in Science Education, 24, 1, (147), (1994).
  • , Learning to think historically, Educational Psychologist, 29, 2, (71), (1994).
  • , Problem finding, problem solving, and cognitive controls: An empirical investigation of critically acclaimed productivity, Creativity Research Journal, 7, 2, (97), (1994).
  • , Epistemological Beliefs in Introductory Physics, Cognition and Instruction, 12, 2, (151), (1994).
  • , Pretesting in Questionnaire Design: The Impact of Respondent Characteristics on Error Detection, Market Research Society. Journal., 36, 4, (1), (1994).
  • , Categorization of arithmetic word problems by normals, frontal and posterior-injured patients, Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 16, 5, (723), (1994).
  • , Concepts and Categories, Thinking and Problem Solving, 10.1016/B978-0-08-057299-4.50010-4, (119-148), (1994).
  • , SITUATED PROGRAMMING IN A LEGOLOGO ENVIRONMENT, Computer Assisted Learning: Selected Contributions from the CAL '93 Symposium, 10.1016/B978-0-08-041945-9.50022-6, (119-128), (1994).
  • , A new look in representations for mathematics and science learning, Instructional Science, 22, 1, (1), (1994).
  • , Constructing conceptual models for knowledge capture and delivery systems, Journal of Organizational Computing, 4, 2, (199), (1994).
  • , Searching for Authenticity: a socio‐cultural perspective of vocational skill development, The Vocational Aspect of Education, 46, 1, (3), (1994).
  • , Metacognition and Competence on Statistical Problems, Psychological Reports, 75, 3, (1403), (1994).
  • , Book Reviews: SMITH, F. (1990). To Think. New York: Teachers College Press, hardcover, $34.95, ISBN 0-8077-3062-9, 192 pp.; paperback, $ 16.95, ISBN 0-8077-3057-2, 192 pp, Gifted Child Quarterly, 38, 3, (153), (1994).
  • , The role of similarity in categorization: providing a groundwork, Cognition, 52, 2, (125), (1994).
  • , The Teaching of Thinking and Problem Solving, Thinking and Problem Solving, 10.1016/B978-0-08-057299-4.50019-0, (409-449), (1994).
  • , Situated programming in a legologo environment, Computers & Education, 22, 1-2, (119), (1994).
  • IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics ICSMC-94 San Antonio, TX, USA 2-5 Oct. 1994 Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics IEEE , (1994). 2 0-7803-2129-4 Ecological interface design and operator competencies: a (very) long-term study 1398 1403 , 10.1109/ICSMC.1994.400041 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/400041/
  • , Criterionced Tests: Part 11. Unfinished Business, Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 13, 4, (27-30), (2005).
  • , Understanding the generative capacity of analogies as a tool for explanation, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 30, 10, (1259-1272), (2006).
  • , When analogy is perceived as such, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 30, 10, (1229-1239), (2006).
  • , Structuring interviews with experts during knowledge elicitation, International Journal of Intelligent Systems, 8, 1, (71-90), (2007).
  • , Broadening our conception of general education: The self‐regulated learner, New Directions for Community Colleges, 1993, 81, (31-39), (2006).
  • , Physics students' understanding of relative speed: A phenomenographic study, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 30, 9, (1133-1148), (2006).
  • , Promoting skilled problem‐solving behavior among beginning physics students, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 30, 3, (303-317), (2006).
  • , A RESEARCH PLATFORM FOR INTERACTIVE PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT IN GRADUATE EDUCATION, ETS Research Report Series, 1993, 1, (i-27), (2014).
  • , Assessment Theory and Research for Classrooms: From Taxonomies to Constructing Meaning in Context, Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 12, 4, (13-19), (2005).
  • , Social Categorization and the Influence of Drug Involvement on Drug Attitude Structures: Implications for Assessing Drug Use and Tolerance in the Workplace, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 23, 23, (1968-1988), (2006).
  • , Does physics instruction foster university students' cognitive processes?: A descriptive study of teacher activities, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 30, 7, (681-696), (2006).
  • , Why Teach Thinking?‐An Essay, Applied Psychology, 42, 3, (191-214), (2008).
  • , The Effect of Functional Flow Diagrams on Apprentice Aircraft Mechanics' Technical System Understanding, Performance Improvement Quarterly, 6, 4, (73-91), (2008).
  • , How Experts Solve a Novel Problem in Experimental Design, Cognitive Science, 17, 2, (285-309), (2010).
  • , Subdivision processes in mathematics and science, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 30, 6, (579-586), (2006).
  • , The Beginnings of Expertise for Ballads, Cognitive Science, 17, 3, (435-462), (2010).
  • , Problem‐solving behaviors during a genetics computer simulation: Beyond the expert/novice dichotomy, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 30, 2, (153-173), (2006).
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  • , The effects of experience and education on the organization of marketing knowledge, Psychology & Marketing, 10, 3, (169-183), (2006).
  • , On the origin of intermediate effects in clinical case recall, Memory & Cognition, 21, 3, (338), (1993).
  • , Chapter 5 Analyzing Diagnostic Expertise of Competitive Swimming Coaches, Congnitive Issues in Motor Expertise, 10.1016/S0166-4115(08)61466-1, (75-94), (1993).
  • , Techniques and Procedures for Assessing Cognitive Skills, Review of Educational Research, 63, 2, (201), (1993).
  • , Preschoolers' Developing Knowledge of the Pan Balance: From New Representation to Transformed Problem Solving, Cognition and Instruction, 11, 1, (31), (1993).
  • , Modeling scientific practice: Paul Thagard's computational approach, New Ideas in Psychology, 11, 2, (229), (1993).
  • , Metacognitive Strategies in Support of Recognition, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 37, 16, (1102), (1993).
  • , Teachers and subtraction problems: expert-novice differences revisited, Research in Education, 50, 1, (51), (1993).
  • , Reflection as a Means of Developing Expertise, Educational Administration Quarterly, 29, 4, (501), (1993).
  • , Collegiate Mathematics Education Research: What Would That Be Like?, The College Mathematics Journal, 24, 5, (431), (1993).
  • , A comparative review of knowledge structure measurement techniques for interface design, International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 5, 3, (211), (1993).
  • , How valid are experts' prognoses on children with learning problems?, Journal of School Psychology, 31, 2, (317), (1993).
  • , Categorización de enfermedades: un estudio sobre expertos y profanos, Estudios de Psicología, 14, 49, (3), (1993).
  • , Are self-reported depressive symptoms in first-grade children developmentally transient phenomena? A further look, Development and Psychopathology, 5, 03, (433), (1993).
  • , CONCEPT MAPPING OF HIGH AND AVERAGE ACHIEVING STUDENTS AND EXPERTS, European Journal of High Ability, 4, 2, (180), (1993).
  • , Chapter 6 Declarative Knowledge in Skilled Motor Performance: Byproduct or Constituent?, Congnitive Issues in Motor Expertise, 10.1016/S0166-4115(08)61467-3, (95-107), (1993).
  • , Reasoning about childhood nutritional deficiencies by mothers in rural India: A cognitive analysis, Social Science & Medicine, 37, 7, (937), (1993).
  • , Chapter 14 The Development of Expertise in Youth Sport, Congnitive Issues in Motor Expertise, 10.1016/S0166-4115(08)61475-2, (255-270), (1993).
  • , On the Concrete Nature of Human Thinking: content and context in analogical transfer, Educational Psychology, 13, 3-4, (245), (1993).
  • , Introduction: A Coupling of Disciplines in Categorization Research, Categorization by Humans and Machines, 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60134-6, (1-12), (1993).
  • , Semantic Features of Similarity and Children's Strategies for Identifying Relevant Information in Mathematical Story Problems, Cognition and Instruction, 11, 2, (133), (1993).
  • , Cognitive Task Analysis of Expertise in Air Traffic Control, The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 3, 4, (257), (1993).
  • , An Exploratory Study of Dynamic Assessment Involving Two Instructional Strategies On Experts and Novices' Performance in Solving Part-Whole Mathematical Word Problems, Diagnostique, 18, 4, (305), (1993).
  • , Integrating cognitive task analysis into instructional systems development, Educational Technology Research and Development, 41, 2, (75), (1993).
  • , MODELER: Incorporating experiences to support model formulation—A case-based planning approach, Expert Systems with Applications, 6, 1, (37), (1993).
  • , Chapter 17 Strategies for Improving Understanding of Motor Expertise [or Mistakes we Have Made and Things we Have Learned!!], Congnitive Issues in Motor Expertise, 10.1016/S0166-4115(08)61478-8, (317-356), (1993).
  • , Integrated Media: Toward a Theoretical Framework for Utilizing Their Potential, Journal of Special Education Technology, 12, 2, (71), (1993).
  • , Using the computer as a help tool during learning by doing, Computers & Education, 21, 1-2, (115), (1993).
  • , Superintendents' Group Problem-Solving Processes, Educational Administration Quarterly, 29, 3, (364), (1993).
  • , Categorization, Concept Learning, and Problem-Solving: A Unifying View, Categorization by Humans and Machines, 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60141-3, (219-255), (1993).
  • , A Rational Theory of Concepts, Categorization by Humans and Machines, 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60144-9, (327-359), (1993).
  • , Integrating Theory and Practice Through Instructional Assessment, Educational Assessment, 1, 4, (283), (1993).
  • , Chapter 9 Knowledge Representation and Decision-Making in Sport, Congnitive Issues in Motor Expertise, 10.1016/S0166-4115(08)61470-3, (159-188), (1993).
  • , Human constructivism: A unification of psychological and epistemological phenomena in meaning making, International Journal of Personal Construct Psychology, 6, 2, (167), (1993).
  • , Functional and teleological knowledge in the multimodeling approach for reasoning about physical systems: a case study in diagnosis, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 23, 6, (1718), (1993).
  • , Enhancing Electrical Troubleshooting Skills in a Computer‐Coached Practice Environment, Interactive Learning Environments, 3, 3, (199), (1993).
  • , Instructional simulation from a cognitive psychology viewpoint, Educational Technology Research and Development, 41, 4, (75), (1993).
  • , Defining real world problems: a conceptual language, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 23, 5, (1220), (1993).
  • , Improving quality, speed and confidence in decision-making, Information & Management, 24, 2, (71), (1993).
  • , Running in the rain: using a shared simulation to solve open-ended physics problems, Physics Education, 28, 2, (107), (1993).
  • , Concepts, Categories, and Psychological Science, Psychological Science, 4, 3, (143), (1993).
  • , Differences in the problem solving of stronger and weaker novices in physics: Knowledge, strategies, or knowledge structure?, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 30, 5, (459-470), (2006).
  • , The Ontological Coherence of Intuitive Physics, Ethics & Behavior, 10, 2, (249), (1993).
  • , Exploring Information about Concepts by asking Questions, Categorization by Humans and Machines, 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60147-4, (411-436), (1993).
  • , Expertise and the organization of knowledge: Unexpected differences among genetic counselors, faculty, and students on problem categorization tasks, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 29, 2, (179-205), (2006).
  • , Elaborative memory strategies of professional actors, Applied Cognitive Psychology, 6, 5, (417-427), (2006).
  • , On the Role of Biomedical Knowledge in Clinical Reasoning by Experts, Intermediates and Novices, Cognitive Science, 16, 2, (153-184), (2010).
  • , Biology content cognitive structure: From science student to science teacher, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 29, 9, (939-964), (2006).
  • , An Empirical Investigation of the Effects of Decision Aids on Problem‐Solving Processes*, Decision Sciences, 23, 3, (648-672), (2007).
  • , Needs Assessment‐A Critical Reappraisal, Performance Improvement Quarterly, 5, 4, (33-54), (2008).
  • , Training problem solving skills using cognitive strategies: Part 1: Novice versus expert problem solvers, Performance + Instruction, 31, 3, (1-5), (2007).
  • , The integration of knowledge and experimentation strategies in understanding a physical system, Applied Cognitive Psychology, 6, 4, (321-343), (2006).
  • , Students' Ability to Confine Their Application of Knowledge: The Case of Mathematics and Science, School Science and Mathematics, 92, 7, (353-358), (2010).
  • , A comparison of preservice and in‐service earth and space science teachers' general mental abilities, content knowledge, and problem‐solving skills, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 29, 10, (1021-1035), (2006).
  • , Interface Style and Training Task Difficulty as Determinants of Effective Computer‐Assisted Knowledge Transfer*, Decision Sciences, 23, 1, (128-143), (2007).
  • , Structuring and Documenting Interactions with Subject–Matter Experts, Performance Improvement Quarterly, 5, 1, (2-24), (2008).
  • , EXPERTISE AND PROBLEM CATEGORIZATION: THE ROLE OF EXPERT PROCESSING IN ORGANIZATIONAL SENSE‐MAKING, Journal of Management Studies, 29, 1, (35-47), (2007).
  • , Children's Awareness of the Biological Implications of Kinship, Child Development, 63, 4, (950-959), (2008).
  • , PROBABILITY‐BASED INFERENCE IN A DOMAIN OF PROPORTIONAL REASONING TASKS, ETS Research Report Series, 1992, 1, (i-31), (2014).
  • , SUBJECTIVE MISCONCEPTIONS IN PHYSICS IN RELATION TO INTELLIGENCE, SEX AND INSTRUCTION1, European Journal of High Ability, 3, 2, (218), (1992).
  • , Role of domain‐general reasoning ability and domain‐specific knowledge in students' ability to solve geographical problems, International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 1, 1, (44), (1992).
  • , The Blocks Task: Comparative Analyses of the Task With Other Proportion Tasks and Qualitative Reasoning Skills of Seventh-Grade Children in Solving the Task, Cognition and Instruction, 9, 1, (45), (1992).
  • , TEACHING INDUCTIVE THINKING TO HIGHLY ABLE CHILDREN, European Journal of High Ability, 3, 2, (164), (1992).
  • , Children's Awareness of the Biological Implications of Kinship, Child Development, 63, 4, (950), (1992).
  • , Coparticipando en el conocimiento: la ampliación de la inteligencia humana con las tecnologías inteligentes, Comunicación, Lenguaje y Educación, 4, 13, (6), (1992).
  • , Conceptual data modelling in database design: similarities and differences between expert and novice designers, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 37, 1, (83), (1992).
  • , Quantifying expert athlete knowledge, Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 4, 1, (10), (1992).
  • , Constructive Activity in Learning From Text, American Educational Research Journal, 29, 1, (97), (1992).
  • , Studying conceptual change in learning physics, Science Education, 76, 6, (615-652), (2006).
  • , Eliciting semantic relations for empirically derived networks, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 37, 6, (721), (1992).
  • , Overgeneralization in mathematics and science: the effect of external similarity, International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 23, 2, (239), (1992).
  • , Can experts' explanations help students develop program design skills?, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 36, 4, (511), (1992).
  • , The relationship between metacognition and problem solving in gifted children, Roeper Review, 15, 1, (43), (1992).
  • Eighth Conference on Artificial Intelligence for Applications Monterey, CA, USA 2-6 March 1992 Proceedings Eighth Conference on Artificial Intelligence for Applications IEEE Comput. Soc. Press , (1992). 0-8186-2690-9 Extending the indexing vocabulary of case based reasoning with task specific features 226 232 , 10.1109/CAIA.1992.200034 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/200034/
  • , Relation Between Intellectual Ability and Working Method as Predictors of Learning, The Journal of Educational Research, 85, 3, (134), (1992).
  • , GUARANTEED COVERAGE VERSUS INTELLIGENT SAMPLING: A REPLY TO SACKS AND DOYLE1, Computational Intelligence, 8, 2, (289-294), (2007).
  • , Educational and research utilization of a dynamic knowledge base, Computers & Education, 18, 1-3, (51), (1992).
  • , 13 Not Just any Category: The Representation of the Self in Memory, Percepts, Concepts and Categories - The Representation and Processing of Information, 10.1016/S0166-4115(08)61021-3, (495-529), (1992).
  • , Expertise, Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1, 4, (135), (1992).
  • , Towards a theory of workplace learning, Studies in Continuing Education, 14, 2, (143), (1992).
  • , Information management in research collaboration, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 36, 3, (419), (1992).
  • Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences Kauai, HI, USA Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences IEEE , (1992). 0-8186-2420-5 Towards computer-assisted qualitative analysis for model development: theory and algorithms , (1992). 473 484 vol.3 183518 , 10.1109/HICSS.1992.183518 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/183518/
  • , The influence of individual differences on the perception and categorization of leaders, The Leadership Quarterly, 3, 1, (55), (1992).
  • , Patterns and organizing perspectives: A view of expertise, Teaching and Teacher Education, 8, 5-6, (485), (1992).
  • , Network and multidimensional representations of the declarative knowledge of human-computer interface design experts, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 36, 4, (587), (1992).
  • , Chapter 5 The Role Of Expertise In Solving Arithmetic And Algebra Word Problems By Analogy, The Nature and Origins of Mathematical Skills, 10.1016/S0166-4115(08)60887-0, (155-188), (1992).
  • , Effects of Knowledge Maps and Prior Knowledge on Recall of Science Lecture Content, The Journal of Experimental Education, 60, 3, (189), (1992).
  • , Cognitive factors involved in the first stage of programming skill acquisition, Learning and Individual Differences, 4, 4, (311), (1992).
  • , Ecological interface design: theoretical foundations, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 22, 4, (589), (1992).
  • , EDUCATIONAL AND RESEARCH UTILIZATION OF A DYNAMIC KNOWLEDGE BASE, Computer Assisted Learning: Selected Contributions from the CAL '91 Symposium, 10.1016/B978-0-08-041395-2.50013-3, (51-61), (1992).
  • , Measuring Process in Team Performance and Training, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 36, 17, (1342), (1992).
  • , Prompt comprehension in UNIX command production, Memory & Cognition, 20, 4, (327), (1992).
  • , Expert and novice differences in strategies to problem solve an environmental issue, Contemporary Educational Psychology, 17, 4, (329), (1992).
  • , Detection of missing and irrelevant information within paper and pencil physics problems, Research in Science Education, 22, 1, (387), (1992).
  • , A "neural" network model that supports realtime learning of temporal relationships in complex engineering domains, SIMULATION, 59, 3, (152), (1992).
  • , The development of thinking processes in postsecondary education: Application of a working model, Higher Education, 24, 4, (413), (1992).
  • , A protocol-based coding scheme for the analysis of medical reasoning, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 37, 5, (613), (1992).
  • , Some surprising differences between novice and expert errors in computerized office work, Behaviour & Information Technology, 11, 6, (319), (1992).
  • , Educational Leverage From a Political Necessity: Implications of New Perspectives on Student Assessment for Chapter 1 Evaluation, Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 14, 2, (123), (1992).
  • , Expert — Novice differences in science investigation skills, Research in Science Education, 22, 1, (170), (1992).
  • , Extending the conception of “problem” in problem‐solving research, Science Education, 75, 1, (105-120), (2006).
  • , Cognition in scientific and everyday domains: Comparison and learning implications, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 28, 9, (733-760), (2006).
  • , College Students' Organization of Mathematics Word Problems in Terms of Mathematical Structure vs. Surface Structure, School Science and Mathematics, 91, 3, (105-110), (2010).
  • , The use of hierarchical problem solving subroutines in the solution of exercise science problems, Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 7, 4, (241-254), (2008).
  • , TOWARD A TEST THEORY FOR ASSESSING STUDENT UNDERSTANDING, ETS Research Report Series, 1991, 1, (i-26), (2014).
  • , NEW VIEWS OF STUDENT LEARNING: IMPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATIONAL MEASUREMENT, ETS Research Report Series, 1991, 1, (i-30), (2014).
  • , PERFORMANCE MODELING THAT INTEGRATES LATENT TRAIT AND CLASS THEORY1, ETS Research Report Series, 1991, 1, (i-33), (2014).
  • , A GENERATIVE APPROACH TO PSYCHOLOGICAL AND EDUCATIONAL MEASUREMENT, ETS Research Report Series, 1991, 1, (i-54), (2014).
  • , The role of computer‐aided modelling in learning physics, Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 7, 2, (84-95), (2008).
  • , Teaching thermodynamics to middle school students: What are appropriate cognitive demands?, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 28, 10, (885-918), (2013).
  • , Using a computer simulation to compare expert/novice problem‐solving subroutines, British Journal of Educational Technology, 22, 3, (174-186), (2006).
  • , Performance Modeling That Integrates Latent Trait and Class Theory, Journal of Educational Measurement, 28, 2, (173-189), (2005).
  • , Implications of Cognitive Psychology for Measurement and Testing: Assessing Students' Knowledge Structures, Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 10, 1, (31-33), (2005).
  • , From novice to expert: Implications for instructional design, Performance + Instruction, 30, 6, (13-17), (2007).
  • , A Modular Neural Network Model of Concept Acquisition, Cognitive Science, 15, 4, (461-508), (2010).
  • , A FRAMEWORK FOR STUDYING DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MULTIPLE‐CHOICE AND FREE‐RESPONSE TEST ITEMS, ETS Research Report Series, 1991, 2, (i-34), (2014).
  • , Enhancing chemistry problem‐solving achievement using problem categorization, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 28, 6, (505-521), (2006).
  • , Curricular Interventions for Teaching Higher Order Thinking to All Students: Introduction to the Special Series, Journal of Learning Disabilities, 24, 5, (261), (1991).
  • , Differences between Experienced and Inexperienced Teachers' Planning Decisions, Interactions, Student Engagement, and Instructional Climate, Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 62, 2, (196), (1991).
  • , Learning processes, learner attributes and simulations, Education and Computing, 6, 3-4, (263), (1991).
  • , Some Influences of Instance Comparisons on Concept Formation, Concept Formation, 10.1016/B978-1-4832-0773-5.50014-6, (207-236), (1991).
  • , Theory-Guided Concept Formation, Concept Formation, 10.1016/B978-1-4832-0773-5.50012-2, (165-177), (1991).
  • , The maturing of the relationship between the science of learning and cognition and educational practice, Learning and Instruction, 1, 2, (129), (1991).
  • , Toward an Integration of Training Theory and Technique, Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 33, 3, (281), (1991).
  • , Enhancing Writing-Related Metacognitions Through a Computerized Writing Partner, American Educational Research Journal, 28, 2, (373), (1991).
  • , Typicality effects in attitude-behavior consistency: Effects of category discrimination and category knowledge, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 27, 6, (550), (1991).
  • , Text manipulations influence children's understanding of class inclusion hierarchies, Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 52, 3, (354), (1991).
  • , Description of Knowledge Structures within a Concept-Based Curriculum Framework, Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 62, 3, (309), (1991).
  • , Prolog programming techniques, Instructional Science, 20, 2-3, (111), (1991).
  • , The relation between knowledge and heuristic methods, International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 22, 6, (899), (1991).
  • , Designing and Testing Navigational Strategies and Guidance Tools for a Hypermedia Program, Journal of Educational Computing Research, 7, 2, (189), (1991).
  • , CECoS: A case experience combination system for knowledge acquisition for expert systems, Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 23, 2, (142), (1991).
  • , Conditional reasoning and causation, Memory & Cognition, 19, 3, (274), (1991).
  • , Effects of analogical processes on learning and misrepresentation, Educational Psychology Review, 3, 1, (41), (1991).
  • , Problems with the Knowledge-Based Explanation of Memory and Development, Review of Educational Research, 61, 1, (71), (1991).
  • , THE EFFECTS OF TEACHING PROBLEM SOLVING ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND RETENTION, Community Junior College Research Quarterly of Research and Practice, 15, 3, (339), (1991).
  • , In physics class, exercises can also cause problems . . ., International Journal of Science Education, 13, 3, (291), (1991).
  • , Effects of framing on auditor decisions, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 1, (75), (1991).
  • , Partners in Cognition: Extending Human Intelligence with Intelligent Technologies, Educational Researcher, 20, 3, (2), (1991).
  • , Cognitive performance of super-experts on computer program modification tasks, Ergonomics, 34, 8, (1095), (1991).
  • , Social Problems and Learning Disabilities, Learning About Learning Disabilities, 10.1016/B978-0-12-762530-0.50013-8, (195-229), (1991).
  • , Cognitive Psychology and the Study of Scientific Discovery1, Theory & Psychology, 1, 2, (223), (1991).
  • , In search of an interdisciplinary collaborative design for studying teacher education, Teaching and Teacher Education, 7, 2, (137), (1991).
  • , Generation and Verification of Inferences by Experts and Trained Nonexperts, American Educational Research Journal, 28, 1, (189), (1991).
  • , Combining Evidence of Deep and Surface Similarity, Machine Learning Proceedings 1991, 10.1016/B978-1-55860-200-7.50013-1, (46-50), (1991).
  • , Analogical transfer and expertise in legal reasoning, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 48, 2, (272), (1991).
  • , Learning and Instruction in Pre‐College Physical Science, Physics Today, 44, 9, (56), (1991).
  • , Meanings of Skill: Effects of Abacus Expertise on Number Representation, Cognition and Instruction, 8, 1, (29), (1991).
  • , Extracting and using procedural knowledge in a CAD task, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 38, 3, (257), (1991).
  • , What experts want from programming languages, Ergonomics, 34, 8, (1113), (1991).
  • , Representation of models for expert problem solving in physics, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 3, 1, (48), (1991).
  • , Learning with Media, Review of Educational Research, 61, 2, (179), (1991).
  • , A Twelve-Year Longitudinal Study of Science Concept Learning, American Educational Research Journal, 28, 1, (117), (1991).
  • , Measurement of Cognitive Structure in the Domain of Art History, Empirical Studies of the Arts, 9, 1, (35), (1991).
  • , Cognitive process as a basis for intelligent retrieval systems design, Information Processing & Management, 27, 5, (405), (1991).
  • , Students’ concepts of force as applied to related physical systems: A search for consistency, International Journal of Science Education, 13, 1, (97), (1991).
  • , The figural problem solving and problem finding of professional and semiprofessional artists and nonartists, Creativity Research Journal, 4, 3, (233), (1991).
  • , Cognitive engineering based knowledge representation in neural networks, Behaviour & Information Technology, 10, 5, (403), (1991).
  • , INTEGRATED KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION FROM TEXT, PREVIOUSLY SOLVED CASES, AND EXPERT MEMORIES, Applied Artificial Intelligence, 5, 4, (311), (1991).
  • , Knowledge of problem situations in physics: A comparison of good and poor novice problem solvers, Learning and Instruction, 1, 4, (289), (1991).
  • , Intellectual ability and working method as predictors of novice learning, Learning and Instruction, 1, 4, (303), (1991).
  • , Probabilistic forecasts of stock prices and earnings: The hazards of nascent expertise, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 49, 1, (60), (1991).
  • , Expert and Novice Teacher Decision Making, Journal of Teacher Education, 42, 4, (292), (1991).
  • , Concept Formation over Problem-Solving Experience, Concept Formation, 10.1016/B978-1-4832-0773-5.50016-X, (279-303), (1991).
  • , Effects of metaknowledge on talk duration and interaction involvement in small group decision‐making, Communication Research Reports, 8, 1, (1), (1991).
  • , Can Decision Analysis Define the Goals of Training?, Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting, 35, 19, (1353), (1991).
  • Twenty-Fourth Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences Kauai, HI, USA 8-11 Jan. 1991 Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences IEEE Comput. Soc. Press , (1991). ii Discretionary user characteristics (word processing) 22 31 , 10.1109/HICSS.1991.183958 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/183958/
  • , Primary and secondary school students' attainment of science investigation skills, Research in Science Education, 21, 1, (161), (1991).
  • , Skilled memory in expert figure skaters, Memory & Cognition, 19, 1, (79), (1991).
  • , The teacher assessment dilemma: What is versus what ought to be!, Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education, 5, 2, (103), (1991).
  • , Building an organized knowledge base: Concept mapping and achievement in secondary school physics, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 27, 4, (315-333), (2006).
  • , Learning with new information technologies in schools: perspectives from the psychology of learning and instruction, Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 6, 2, (69-87), (2008).
  • , Perceived incidence and importance of lay‐ideas on ionizing radiation: Results of a delphi‐study among radiation‐experts, Science Education, 74, 2, (183-195), (2006).
  • , Detection of Cognitive Structure with Protocol Data: Predicting Performance on Physics Transfer Problems, Cognitive Science, 14, 2, (253-280), (2010).
  • , Text Editing of Algebraic Word Problems, Australian Journal of Psychology, 42, 1, (63-73), (2011).
  • , High school students' problem‐solving performance on realistic genetics problems, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 27, 1, (55-67), (2006).
  • , Methodological limitations for the use of expert systems techniques in science education research, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 27, 1, (69-77), (2006).
  • , Constructive interaction in knowledge engineering, Expert Systems, 7, 1, (19-26), (2007).
  • , The Effects of Memory Structure on Using Rule‐Based Expert Systems for Training: A Framework and an Empirical Test*, Decision Sciences, 21, 2, (263-286), (2007).
  • , Domain‐Specific Principles Affect Learning and Transfer in Children, Cognitive Science, 14, 1, (107-133), (2010).
  • , Effects of cooperative grouping on stoichiometric problem solving in high school chemistry, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 27, 7, (671-683), (2006).
  • , The use of cluster analysis in categorization of physics problems, Science Education, 74, 1, (105-118), (2006).
  • , Modeling Novice‐to‐Expert Shifts in Problem‐Solving Strategy and Knowledge Organization, Cognitive Science, 14, 4, (579-639), (2010).
  • , Learning Plan Schemata from Observation: Explanation‐Based Learning for Plan Recognition, Cognitive Science, 14, 4, (483-509), (2010).
  • , Metacognitive Instruction: Trainers Teaching Thinking Skills, Performance Improvement Quarterly, 3, 1, (27-41), (2008).
  • , Examining Reasoning Skill Differences Between Expert and Novice Counselors, Journal of Counseling & Development, 68, 6, (684-691), (2011).
  • , PROGRAM UNDERSTANDING AND KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION: THE INFLUENCE OF ACQUIRED SCHEMATA, Cognitive Ergonomics, 10.1016/B978-0-12-248290-8.50021-2, (245-256), (1990).
  • , Knowledge Structures and the Nature of Expertise in Classical Genetics, Cognition and Instruction, 7, 4, (287), (1990).
  • , Papel de la instrucción en la solución de problemas de correlación, Estudios de Psicología, 11, 43-44, (73), (1990).
  • Sixth Conference on Artificial Intelligence for Applications Santa Barbara, CA, USA 5-9 May 1990 Sixth Conference on Artificial Intelligence for Applications IEEE Comput. Soc. Press , (1990). 0-8186-2032-3 Representation of models for solving real-world physics problems 274 280 , 10.1109/CAIA.1990.89200 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/89200/ IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Motion Control Istanbul, Turkey 20-22 August 1990 Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Motion Control IEEE , (1990). 1 Mental Models of force and motion 153 158 , 10.1109/IMC.1990.687310 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/687310/
  • , Physicians' Use of Medical Knowledge Resources, Medical Decision Making, 10, 4, (231), (1990).
  • , Expertise and Political Psychology, Social Cognition, 8, 1, (1), (1990).
  • , The Structure and Formation of Natural Categories, , 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60056-0, (241-284), (1990).
  • , In defense of theories, Cognition, 35, 3, (293), (1990).
  • , Aprender en la escuela con las nuevas tecnologías de la información: Perspectivas desde la psicología del aprendizaje y de la instrucción, Comunicación, Lenguaje y Educación, 2, 6, (93), (1990).
  • , Belief revision in children: The role of prior knowledge and strategies for generating evidence, Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 49, 1, (31), (1990).
  • , Les représentations graphiques dans l’enseignement et l’apprentissage de l’electricité, European Journal of Psychology of Education, 5, 4, (477), (1990).
  • , Diagram information and its organisation in memory: Exploring the role of skill and experience, Research in Science Education, 20, 1, (191), (1990).
  • , Chapter 2: Alternative Perspectives on Knowing Mathematics in Elementary Schools, Review of Research in Education, 16, 1, (57), (1990).
  • , "Expert" and "novice" subjects’ approaches to genetic problem solving in a computer-based setting, Research in Science Education, 20, 1, (171), (1990).
  • , An Information Processing Analysis of Expert and Novice Teachers’ Problem Solving, American Educational Research Journal, 27, 3, (533), (1990).
  • , Résolution de problèmes d’hydrodynamique face à un circuit concret — Comparaison des stratégies avant et après apprentissage, European Journal of Psychology of Education, 5, 4, (517), (1990).
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