Environmental Policy and Governance
Research Article

International patterns of environmental policy change and convergence

Per‐Olof Busch

Environmental Policy Research Centre, Free University Berlin, Department of Political Science, Berlin, Germany

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Helge Jörgens

Corresponding Author

E-mail address: helge.joergens@uba.de

German Advisory Council on the Environment, Berlin, Germany

Research Fellow, German Advisory Council on the Environment, Reichpietschufer 60, 10785 Berlin, Germany.Search for more papers by this author
First published: 17 March 2005
Citations: 48
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Abstract

The article gives an empirical overview of the international spread of 22 environmental policy innovations. The policy innovations examined in the article include administrative institutions (e.g. environmental ministries, scientific advisory bodies), laws (e.g. soil protection laws, packaging waste laws), instruments of environmental policy integration (e.g. national environmental policy plans, environmental impact assessment), energy taxes and eco‐labels. On this empirical basis, recurring patterns in the global spread of environmental policy innovations are identified and linked to specific causal mechanisms through which this change occurs. In particular, the paper demonstrates how and to what extent non‐obligatory diffusion, legal harmonization and coercive imposition matter as mechanisms of global environmental policy convergence. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.

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