This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in embolic agents and delivery devices, with a particular focus on emerging robot-assisted embolization technologies. It also proposes the key challenges associated with embolic materials and explores future trends shaping the field.

Bio-integrated microrobots (BIMs) integrate biofriendly materials, biological units (e.g. cells or biomolecules), or cell-material hybrids, enabling navigating within narrow, deep, and challenging-to-reach in vivo regions, and performing biopsy, diagnostic, drug delivery, and therapeutic operations with minimal invasiveness. Here, we comprehensively review and discuss the recent advances in thebio-integrated microrobots domain from materials, fabrication, actuation, to biomedicine applications.

This review provides an overview of recent advances in twisted and coiled artificial muscles (TAMs), covering materials, actuation strategies, configurations, and applications in soft robots. Key challenges and future directions in these areas are examined to highlight insights into limitations and potential advancements.